There are multiple ways to get this information. Most of them require you to parse the output of another command.
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Run
# fdisk /dev/sdX -l
to get a basic idea of the filesystem structure. The output is something like this:Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes, 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x9f7685a8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 63 289169 144553+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 289170 459121634 229416232+ 83 Linux /dev/sda3 459121635 461129759 1004062+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda4 * 461129760 625142447 82006344 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
But this will only tell you the partition type.
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You could also use
# blkid
to get the following output:/dev/sda1: LABEL="boot" UUID="aa84c5a8-6408-4952-b577-578f2a67af86" TYPE="ext2" /dev/sda2: LABEL="root" UUID="a430e0ef-fd35-432f-8b9a-75a49b89ad8a" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda3: LABEL="swap" UUID="e388806a-dc27-4f4e-a136-3d1ff4e53962" TYPE="swap" /dev/sda4: UUID="088E027A8E026114" TYPE="ntfs"
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Also, for a well formatted output, you could run
# parted /dev/sdX -l
for the following output:Model: ATA WDC WD3200BEVT-7 (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 320GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Disk Flags: Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 32.3kB 148MB 148MB primary ext2 2 148MB 235GB 235GB primary ext4 3 235GB 236GB 1028MB primary linux-swap(v1) 4 236GB 320GB 84.0GB primary ntfs boot
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$ df -T
. This is another command that does not require super user privileges to execute. However, this will report for every mount pointFilesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on rootfs rootfs 225815276 99381340 114963128 47% / dev devtmpfs 1538396 0 1538396 0% /dev run tmpfs 1541260 416 1540844 1% /run /dev/sda2 ext4 225815276 99381340 114963128 47% / tmpfs tmpfs 1541260 360 1540900 1% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 1541260 0 1541260 0% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs tmpfs 1541260 900 1540360 1% /tmp /dev/sda1 ext2 139985 30386 102372 23% /boot /dev/sda4 fuseblk 82006340 79676036 2330304 98% /mnt
Another command that can come handy is # file -sL /dev/sdXY
. This has one downside in that it does not work with the full block device. Requires the exact device to be passed. The output is quite neat though:
/dev/sda1: Linux rev 1.0 ext2 filesystem data (mounted or unclean), UUID=aa84c5a8-6408-4952-b577-578f2a67af86, volume name "boot"
All of these will always be output to stdout. You can parse them in a script if required.
(eval $(blkid $DEV | awk ' { print $3 } '); echo $TYPE)
will do, thanks! (The outer parantheses are only necessary if TYPE
is already used elsewhere and shall not be changed) – Tobias Kienzler Nov 1 '12 at 16:34
df -T
will claim tmpfs
for any loopdevice it seems, and fdisk -l
doesn't appear to list a type when applied to a partition itself, while parted
ignores the device for me and file -s
yields the wrong format for a luks encrypted device. But blkid
works perfectly, even for a loop device or the image file itself – Tobias Kienzler Nov 1 '12 at 16:42
That behavior is expected out of df -T
and fdisk -l
. However, I don't understand how parted
ignores the complete block device. – darnir Nov 1 '12 at 16:48
That may be due to the linux I tried to run this on (it's a custom distro on a Buffalo LinkStation NAS device) Btw, even better solution: blkid -o value -s TYPE $DEV
– Tobias Kienzler
@TobiasKienzler Instead of eval, you could use . <(blkid -pi /dev/sdXN)
– F. Hauri
@F.Hauri Good point, I didn't know about <(...)
back then though. And of course the blkid -i value -s TYPE $DEV
is even better... – Tobias Kienzler
#lsblk -f
would also help at least it returns every mounted or unmount block devices. – Mohammad Rafiee
None of these work with NFS mountpoints. – Jani Uusitalo