OC-NSString

NSString是不可变字符串

1.初始化

   NSString *string = @"hello";
        int number = 3;
        NSString *string1 = [[NSString alloc]initWithFormat:@"%@%d",@"hello",number];//可以放多个参数
//        NSString *newstring = [NSString stringString:<#(NSString *)#>;
        NSString *newstring1 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"hello"]; //遍历构造器的写法
        NSLog(@"string = %@, string1 = %@, newstring1 = %@",string,string1,newstring1);

2.拼接

       //方式1：
        NSString *newstring1 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"hello"];
        NSString *string = [newstring1 stringByAppendingFormat:@"world"];
        NSLog(@"string = %@,newstring = %@",string,newstring1);
        //证明拼接后元字符串是没有改变的
        // 方式2：
        NSString *string1 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@",newstring1,@"world"];
        NSLog(@"string = %@, string1 = %@",string,string1);

3.截取

        NSString *string = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"abcdef"];
        NSString *newString = [string substringFromIndex:2];//[index , tail]//截取2以及以后的 cdef
        NSLog(@"newString = %@",newString);
        NSString *newString1 = [string substringToIndex:2];//ab
        NSLog(@"newstring1 = %@",newString1);
        NSString *newstring = [string substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(1, 2)]; //bc
        NSLog(@"newstring1 = %@",newstring);

4.查询

    // 1)查找头部:是否以某个字符串开头
        NSString *string = @"www.cctv.com";
        //输入网址的时候
        BOOL flag = [string hasPrefix:@"www."];
        if (flag) {
            //找到了操作。。
        }else{
            //木有找到操作
        }
        
        
        //2)查找尾部：是否以某个字符串结尾
        // 输入邮箱的时候
        BOOL flag1 = [string hasSuffix:@".com"];
        if (flag1) {
            //找到了操作。。
        }else{
            //木有找到操作
        }
        
        //3)查找
//        [string rangeOfString:<#(NSString *)#>];//查询一个是否穿是否包含一个字符串
        NSRange range = [string rangeOfString:@"cctv"];//cctav
        NSLog(@"%ld,%ld",range.location,range.length);//存在的话正确输出,不存在的话range.length= 0
        
        //判断是否有要查找的字符串
        if (range.length != 0 && range.location != NSNotFound) {
            NSLog(@"找到了");
        }else{
            NSLog(@"没找到");
        }

5.比较

        NSString *string1 = @"121";
        NSString *string2 = @"122";
        NSComparisonResult result = [string1 compare:string2];//相同返回0，上面比下面长返回1，下面长返回-1
        NSLog(@"%ld",result);
        //NSOrderedAscending  -1 升序
        //NSOrderedSame        0 相等
        //NSOrderedDescending  1 降序
        if (result == NSOrderedSame) {
            NSLog(@"相等");
        }
//        //数值类型转化为字符串
//        int number1 = [string1 intValue];
//        int number2 = [string2 intValue];
        
        //内容比较
        if ([string1 isEqualToString:string2]) {
            NSLog(@"内容相同");
        }

6.大小写转化，数值转化

  NSString *string = @"hEllo WoRld";
        NSString *newstring = [string uppercaseString];//转换为大写uppercaseString
        NSLog(@"%@",newstring);
        NSString *newstring1 = [string lowercaseString];//转换为小写lowercaseString
        NSLog(@"%@",newstring1);

7.长度

8.替换

        NSString *string = @"hello world hello";
        NSString *newstring = [string stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"hello" withString:@"abc"];//参数2替换参数1
        NSLog(@"newString = %@",newstring);

9.获取字符

        NSString *string = @"hello world hello";
        char ch = [string characterAtIndex:1];
        NSLog(@"%c",ch);