java lombok遇到的问题

lombok 遇到的问题

@Data 注解的理解

@Data 注解其实是多个注解的集合，他完成了多个注解的功能，分别是：

• @Getter
• @Setter
• @RequiredArgsConstructor
• @ToString
• @EqualsAndHashCode

有时候我们为了方便getter和setter方法的简单化，直接使用了@Data注解代替，很可能会产生意想不到的问题，特别是@EqualsAndHashCode，下面将对这个注解进行解释。

@EqualsAndHashCode 注解

定义一个Person类，使用@EqualsAndHashCode注解后，我们先看看会产生什么事情

• 源码：

/**
 * @author xiaoming
 */
@EqualsAndHashCode
public class Person {

    private int sex;

    private int age;

    private String name;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("run");
    }
}

• 编译之后

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
//

package lombok;

public class Person {
    private int sex;
    private int age;
    private String name;

    public Person() {
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("run");
    }

    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (o == this) {
            return true;
        } else if (!(o instanceof Person)) {
            return false;
        } else {
            Person other = (Person)o;
            if (!other.canEqual(this)) {
                return false;
            } else if (this.sex != other.sex) {
                return false;
            } else if (this.age != other.age) {
                return false;
            } else {
                Object this$name = this.name;
                Object other$name = other.name;
                if (this$name == null) {
                    if (other$name == null) {
                        return true;
                    }
                } else if (this$name.equals(other$name)) {
                    return true;
                }

                return false;
            }
        }
    }

    protected boolean canEqual(Object other) {
        return other instanceof Person;
    }

    public int hashCode() {
        int PRIME = true;
        int result = 1;
        int result = result * 59 + this.sex;
        result = result * 59 + this.age;
        Object $name = this.name;
        result = result * 59 + ($name == null ? 43 : $name.hashCode());
        return result;
    }
}

可以看出，lombok在编译的时候重写了三个方法 :

• hashCode
• canEqual
• equals

equals方法对各个参数多进行了校验，如果我们想使用引用进行equals方法比较的话，@Data就不能使用了。

这个时候可能会有同学思考了，如果涉及到继承，对子类添加注解，那子类会调用父类的equals 方法吗？

接着做实验，添加子类 Coder 继承 Person

• 源码

/**
 * @author xiaoming
 */
@EqualsAndHashCode
public class Coder extends Person {

    private boolean loveJava;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("run");
    }
}

• 编译之后

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
//

package lombok;

public class Coder extends Person {
    private boolean loveJava;

    public Coder() {
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("run");
    }

    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (o == this) {
            return true;
        } else if (!(o instanceof Coder)) {
            return false;
        } else {
            Coder other = (Coder)o;
            if (!other.canEqual(this)) {
                return false;
            } else {
                return this.loveJava == other.loveJava;
            }
        }
    }

    protected boolean canEqual(Object other) {
        return other instanceof Coder;
    }

    public int hashCode() {
        int PRIME = true;
        int result = 1;
        int result = result * 59 + (this.loveJava ? 79 : 97);
        return result;
    }
}

不能看出，equals 方法和 hashCode方法 只对子类成员进行了比较
那我们如何继承父类的equals方法呢？使用 callSuper = true

• 源码

/**
 * @author xiaoming
 */
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
public class Coder extends Person {

    private boolean loveJava;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("run");
    }
}

• 编译后

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
//

package lombok;

public class Coder extends Person {
    private boolean loveJava;

    public Coder() {
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("run");
    }

    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (o == this) {
            return true;
        } else if (!(o instanceof Coder)) {
            return false;
        } else {
            Coder other = (Coder)o;
            if (!other.canEqual(this)) {
                return false;
            } else if (!super.equals(o)) {
                return false;
            } else {
                return this.loveJava == other.loveJava;
            }
        }
    }

    protected boolean canEqual(Object other) {
        return other instanceof Coder;
    }

    public int hashCode() {
        int PRIME = true;
        int result = super.hashCode();
        result = result * 59 + (this.loveJava ? 79 : 97);
        return result;
    }
}

equals方法调用了super.equals方法和super.hashCode方法

查看注解的callSuper定义, 默认是false，当致为true的时候比较子类域成员之前会调用父类的equals和hashCode

	/**
	 * Call on the superclass's implementations of {@code equals} and {@code hashCode} before calculating for the fields in this class.
	 * <strong>default: false</strong>
	 * 
	 * @return Whether to call the superclass's {@code equals} implementation as part of the generated equals algorithm.
	 */
	boolean callSuper() default false;
	

lombok注解和用户自定义优先级

我们经常会使用@Data注解方便快捷，但是我们又想对toString方法自定义，那在同时使用的情况下会发生什么情况呢？

• 源码

/**
 * @author xiaoming
 */
@EqualsAndHashCode
public class Person {

    private int sex;

    private int age;

    private String name;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("run");
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "user defined";
    }
}

• 编译之后

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
//

package lombok;

public class Person {
    private int sex;
    private int age;
    private String name;

    public Person() {
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("run");
    }

    public String toString() {
        return "user defined";
    }

    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (o == this) {
            return true;
        } else if (!(o instanceof Person)) {
            return false;
        } else {
            Person other = (Person)o;
            if (!other.canEqual(this)) {
                return false;
            } else if (this.sex != other.sex) {
                return false;
            } else if (this.age != other.age) {
                return false;
            } else {
                Object this$name = this.name;
                Object other$name = other.name;
                if (this$name == null) {
                    if (other$name == null) {
                        return true;
                    }
                } else if (this$name.equals(other$name)) {
                    return true;
                }

                return false;
            }
        }
    }

    protected boolean canEqual(Object other) {
        return other instanceof Person;
    }

    public int hashCode() {
        int PRIME = true;
        int result = 1;
        int result = result * 59 + this.sex;
        result = result * 59 + this.age;
        Object $name = this.name;
        result = result * 59 + ($name == null ? 43 : $name.hashCode());
        return result;
    }
}

通过代码不难看出，toString方法使用了我们自定义的
所以说优先级是用户自定义的高（其实大家思考一下也很容易想到）

总结

使用插件和注解会给我们带来很多的方便，也会让代码变得简洁，但是我们需要对这些注解真正的了解，不然出现问题的话会难以排除