文章目录
前言
有一些使用场景比较简单不需要搭建 mysql 等比较重型的服务,使用小而轻巧的内存数据库也能满足要求,本文将实战操作纯内存型数据库 H2。
H2 数据库特性:
- 非常快、开源、支持 JDBC AP
- 嵌入式和服务式模式,内存型数据库
- 基于浏览器控制台的应用程序,不需要安装第三方工具
- 占用空间小,jar 仅仅只有 2MB 大小
下面是 H2 和其他数据库之间的对比:
实战演练
代码结构
pom.xml 配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot-learning-parents</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>springboot-demo</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot-h2</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springboot-h2</name>
<url>https://gitee.com/leo825/springboot-learning-parents.git</url>
<description>springboot集成h2纯内存型数据库</description>
<properties>
<start-class>com.demo.SpringbootH2Application</start-class>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<mybatisplus.version>3.5.1</mybatisplus.version>
<freemaker.version>2.3.31</freemaker.version>
<mysql.version>8.0.28</mysql.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis-plus 所需依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${mybatisplus.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-generator</artifactId>
<version>${mybatisplus.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
<artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
<version>2.3.31</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 使用h2内存数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
application.yml 配置
#端口,项目上下文
server:
port: 8080
servlet:
context-path: /springboot-h2
spring:
datasource:
username: leo825
password: 1WSX@357wj
# 如果需要数据本地化,则改成 file 方式
# jdbc:h2:file:D:/program/sqlite3/db/testDB;AUTO_SERVER=TRUE;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1
url: jdbc:h2:mem:testDB;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1
driver-class-name: org.h2.Driver
# 初始化表
schema: classpath:schema.sql
# 初始化数据
data: classpath:data.sql
initialization-mode: always
continue-on-error: true
# 开启这个配置就可以通过 web 页面访问了,例如:http://localhost:8080/springboot-h2/h2-console
h2:
console:
enabled: true
settings:
# 开启h2 console 跟踪 方便调试 默认 false
trace: true
# 允许console 远程访问 默认false
web-allow-others: true
# h2 访问路径上下文
path: /h2-console
# mybatis-plus 配置
mybatis-plus:
mapper-locations: classpath*:/mapper/**/*.xml
#实体扫描,多个package用逗号或者分号分隔
typeAliasesPackage: com.dmo.entity
global-config:
#数据库相关配置
db-config:
#主键类型 AUTO:"数据库ID自增", INPUT:"用户输入ID", ID_WORKER:"全局唯一ID (数字类型唯一ID)", UUID:"全局唯一ID UUID";
id-type: AUTO
#字段策略 IGNORED:"忽略判断",NOT_NULL:"非 NULL 判断"),NOT_EMPTY:"非空判断"
field-strategy: NOT_NULL
#驼峰下划线转换
column-underline: true
logic-delete-value: -1
logic-not-delete-value: 0
banner: false
#原生配置
configuration:
# 打印sql
log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl
map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
cache-enabled: false
call-setters-on-nulls: true
jdbc-type-for-null: 'null'
# 日志输出配置
logging:
level:
root: INFO
org:
springframework:
security: WARN
web: ERROR
file:
path: ./logs
name: './logs/springboot-sqlite.log'
pattern:
file: '%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50}:%L - %msg%n'
console: '%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50}:%L - %msg%n'
data.sql
insert into t_user(id, username, pwd, create_time, update_time) values (0,'zhhangsan','1222', {ts '2022-07-27 18:47:52.69'}, {ts '2022-07-27 18:47:52.69'})
base
Result.java
package com.demo.base;
public class Result<T> {
private Integer code;
private String msg;
private String message;
private T data;
public Integer getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(Integer code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public void setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
}
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
public T getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(T data) {
this.data = data;
}
public Result ok(T t){
this.setCode(1000);
this.setMsg("成功");
this.setMessage("成功");
this.setData(t);
return this;
}
public Result fail(String msg){
this.setCode(1001);
this.setMsg(msg);
this.setMessage(msg);
return this;
}
public Result() {
}
public Result(Integer code, String msg) {
this.code = code;
this.msg = msg;
this.setMessage(msg);
}
public Result(Integer code, String msg, T data) {
this.code = code;
this.msg = msg;
this.data = data;
this.setMessage(msg);
}
}
entity
User.java
package com.demo.entity;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.*;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* <p>
* 用户表
* </p>
*
* @author Leo825
* @since 2022-07-05
*/
@TableName("t_user")
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* 用户主键
*/
@TableId(value = "id", type = IdType.AUTO)
private Integer id;
/**
* 用户名称
*/
private String username;
/**
* 密码
*/
private String pwd;
/**
* 创建时间,MyMetaObjectHandler 配合使用,入库的时候自动填充
*/
@TableField(value = "create_time", fill = FieldFill.INSERT)
@JsonFormat(timezone = "GMT+8", pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
private Date createTime;
/**
* 修改时间,MyMetaObjectHandler 配合使用,入库的时候自动填充
*/
@TableField(value = "update_time", fill = FieldFill.INSERT_UPDATE)
@JsonFormat(timezone = "GMT+8", pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
private Date updateTime;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPwd() {
return pwd;
}
public void setPwd(String pwd) {
this.pwd = pwd;
}
public Date getCreateTime() {
return createTime;
}
public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
this.createTime = createTime;
}
public Date getUpdateTime() {
return updateTime;
}
public void setUpdateTime(Date updateTime) {
this.updateTime = updateTime;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username=" + username +
", pwd=" + pwd +
", createTime=" + createTime +
", updateTime=" + updateTime +
"}";
}
}
mapper
package com.demo.service.impl;
import com.demo.entity.User;
import com.demo.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.demo.service.IUserService;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* <p>
* 用户表 服务实现类
* </p>
*
* @author Leo825
* @since 2022-07-05
*/
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<UserMapper, User> implements IUserService {
}
service
package com.demo.service;
import com.demo.entity.User;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.IService;
/**
* <p>
* 用户表 服务类
* </p>
*
* @author Leo825
* @since 2022-07-05
*/
public interface IUserService extends IService<User> {
}
impl 实现类:
package com.demo.service.impl;
import com.demo.entity.User;
import com.demo.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.demo.service.IUserService;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* <p>
* 用户表 服务实现类
* </p>
*
* @author Leo825
* @since 2022-07-05
*/
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<UserMapper, User> implements IUserService {
}
config
MybatisPlusConfig.java
package com.demo.config;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.DbType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.MybatisPlusInterceptor;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.inner.PaginationInnerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
* mybatisplus 配置
*/
@Configuration
public class MybatisPlusConfig {
/**
* 老版本,目前已失效
* @return
*/
/**@Bean
public PaginationInterceptor paginationInterceptor() {
PaginationInterceptor paginationInterceptor = new PaginationInterceptor();
return paginationInterceptor;
}*/
/**
* 新的分页插件,一缓和二缓遵循mybatis的规则,
*/
@Bean
public MybatisPlusInterceptor mybatisPlusInterceptor() {
MybatisPlusInterceptor interceptor = new MybatisPlusInterceptor();
interceptor.addInnerInterceptor(new PaginationInnerInterceptor(DbType.H2));
return interceptor;
}
}
MyMetaObjectHandler.java
package com.demo.config;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.handlers.MetaObjectHandler;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.MetaObject;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* 填充公共字段
*
*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class MyMetaObjectHandler implements MetaObjectHandler {
@Override
public void insertFill(MetaObject metaObject) {
log.info("start insert fill...");
this.setFieldValByName("createTime", new Date(), metaObject);
this.setFieldValByName("updateTime", new Date(), metaObject);
}
@Override
public void updateFill(MetaObject metaObject) {
log.info("start update fill...");
this.setFieldValByName("updateTime", new Date(), metaObject);
}
}
controller
package com.demo.controller;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.LambdaQueryWrapper;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.metadata.IPage;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.toolkit.StringUtils;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.pagination.Page;
import com.demo.base.Result;
import com.demo.entity.User;
import com.demo.service.IUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.List;
/**
* controller 测试
*
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
/**
* 构造方法注入
*/
@Autowired
IUserService userService;
/**
* 保存数据
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/save")
public Result save() {
User user = new User();
user.setId(10);
user.setUsername("miaolinlin");
user.setPwd("121212");
userService.save(user);
return new Result().ok(user);
}
/**
* 修改数据
*
* @param id
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/update")
public Result update(Integer id) {
User user = new User();
user.setId(id);
user.setPwd("1111111111");
userService.updateById(user);
return new Result().ok("{}");
}
@GetMapping("/list")
public Result list() {
// 返回所有
List<User> list = userService.list();
return new Result().ok(list);
}
@GetMapping("/listByContion")
public Result listByContion() {
/**
* 条件查询, 通过QueryWrapper来实现查询的条件:
* eq: 代表相等
* like: 模糊匹配
* orderBy: 排序
* in, notin
* 大于,小于,between等
*/
List<User> list = userService.list(new LambdaQueryWrapper<User>()
// 查询年龄=11的
.eq(User::getUsername, "miao")
// 模糊匹配
.like(User::getPwd, "%111%")
// 排序,按照创建时间
.orderByDesc(User::getCreateTime)
);
return new Result().ok(list);
}
/**
* 根据id获取数据
*
* @param id
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/getById")
public Result getById(Integer id) {
User user = userService.getById(id);
return new Result().ok(user);
}
/**
* 删除数据
*
* @param id
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/delete")
public Result delete(Integer id) {
userService.removeById(id);
return new Result().ok("success");
}
/**
* 分页查询
*
* @param pageNum
* @param pageSize
* @param name
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/page")
public Result page(int pageNum, int pageSize, String name) {
IPage<User> page = new Page<>(pageNum, pageSize);
IPage<User> page1 = userService.page(page, new LambdaQueryWrapper<User>()
// 主要演示这里可以加条件。在name不为空的时候执行
.like(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(name), User::getUsername, "%" + name + "%"));
return new Result().ok(page1);
}
}
H2 的 web 访问
例如我的访问方式:http://localhost:8080/springboot-h2/h2-console
填写上自己配置文件里的连接方式,就可以访问库了。
总结
springboot 整合 h2 和 sqlite、mysql 差不多,代码库地址如下:
https://gitee.com/leo825/springboot-learning-parents.git