PHP抓取网络数据的6种常见方法

本小节的名称为 fsockopen，curl与file_get_contents，具体是探讨这三种方式进行网络数据输入输出的一些汇总。这里先简单罗列一下一些常见的抓取网络数据的一些方法。

1. 用 file_get_contents 以 get 方式获取内容：

// $url = ‘https://www.ztmbz.com’;

$url = ‘https://www.ztmbz.com/php/sock.php’;

$html = file_get_contents($url);

echo $html;

2. 用fopen打开url，以get方式获取内容

// $url = ‘http://www.nowamagic.net’;

$url = ‘http://www.nowamagic.net/php/sock.php’;

$fp = fopen($url, ‘r’);

stream_get_meta_data($fp);

$result = ”;

while(!feof($fp))

{

$result .= fgets($fp, 1024);

}

echo “url body: $result”;

fclose($fp);

3. 用file_get_contents函数,以post方式获取url

$data = array(

‘foo’=>’bar’,

‘baz’=>’boom’,

‘site’=>’www.nowamagic.net’,

‘name’=>’nowa magic’);

$data = http_build_query($data);

//$postdata = http_build_query($data);

$options = array(

‘http’ => array(

‘method’ => ‘POST’,

‘header’ => ‘Content-type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded’,

‘content’ => $data

//’timeout’ => 60 * 60 // 超时时间（单位:s）

)

);

$url = “http://www.nowamagic.net/test2.php”;

$context = stream_context_create($options);

$result = file_get_contents($url, false, $context);

echo $result;

4. 用 fsockopen 函数打开url，以get方式获取完整的数据，包括header和body

// $url = ‘https://www.ztmbz.com’;

$url = ‘https://www.ztmbz.com:80/php/sock.php?site=xiaoerhu.com’;

function get_url($url,$cookie=false)

{

$url = parse_url($url);

$query = $url[‘path’].”?”.$url[‘query’];

echo “Query:”.$query;

$fp = fsockopen( $url[‘host’], $url[‘port’]?$url[‘port’]:80 , $errno, $errstr, 30);

if (!$fp)

{

return false;

}

else {

$request = “GET $query HTTP/1.1\r\n”;

$request .= “Host: $url[host]\r\n”;

$request .= “Connection: Close\r\n”;

if($cookie) $request.=”Cookie: $cookie\n”;

$request.=”\r\n”;

fwrite($fp,$request);

$result = ”;

while(!feof($fp))

{

$result .= @fgets($fp, 1024);

}

fclose($fp);

return $result;

}

}

//获取url的html部分，去掉header

function GetUrlHTML($url,$cookie=false)

{

$rowdata = get_url($url,$cookie);

if($rowdata)

{

$body= stristr($rowdata,”\r\n\r\n”);

$body=substr($body,4,strlen($body));

return $body;

}

return false;

}

echo get_url($url);

echo GetUrlHTML($url);

5. 用fsockopen函数打开url，以POST方式获取完整的数据，包括header和body

// $url = ‘https://www.ztmbz.com’;

$url = ‘https://www.ztmbz.com:80/php/sock.php?site=xiaoerhu.com’;

function HTTP_Post($URL,$data,$cookie, $referer=””)

{

// parsing the given URL

$URL_Info=parse_url($URL);

// Building referrer

if($referer==””) // if not given use this script as referrer

$referer=“www.ztmbz.com”;

// making string from $data

foreach($data as $key=> $value)

$values[]=”$key=”.urlencode($value);

$data_string=implode(“&”,$values);

// Find out which port is needed – if not given use standard (=80)

if(!isset($URL_Info[“port”]))

$URL_Info[“port”]=80;

$request = ”;

// building POST-request:

$request.=”POST “.$URL_Info[“path”].” HTTP/1.1\n”;

$request.=”Host: “.$URL_Info[“host”].”\n”;

$request.=”Referer: $referer\n”;

$request.=”Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\n”;

$request.=”Content-length: “.strlen($data_string).”\n”;

$request.=”Connection: close\n”;

$request.=”Cookie: $cookie\n”;

$request.=”\n”;

$request.=$data_string.”\n”;

$fp = fsockopen($URL_Info[“host”],$URL_Info[“port”]);

fputs($fp, $request);

$result = ”;

while(!feof($fp))

{

$result .= fgets($fp, 1024);

}

fclose($fp);

return $result;

}

$data = array(

‘foo’=>’bar’,

‘baz’=>’boom’,

‘site’=>’www.ztmbz.com’,

‘name’=>’nowa magic’);

$cookie = ”;

$referer = ‘https://www.ztmbz.com’;

echo HTTP_Post($url, $data, $cookie, $referer);

6. 使用curl库，使用curl库之前，可能需要查看一下php.ini是否已经打开了curl扩展。

使用 curl 代码比较简洁，代码也比较规范，容易理解：

// $url = ‘https://www.ztmbz.com’;

$url = ‘https://www.ztmbz.com:80/php/sock.php?site=xiaoerhu.com’;

$ch = curl_init();

$timeout = 5;

curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);

curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);

curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, $timeout);

$file_contents = curl_exec($ch);

curl_close($ch);

echo $file_contents;

这里就大概列举这么 6 种抓取网络数据的方式，也是比较常见的，让大家先有个总体的理解，还有各方法的比较。