OpenCV学习笔记（八）：OpenCV使用imwrite保存4通道图片（仅对png有效）

转载OpenCV官方文档中imwrite函数的说明，如何保存4通道的图像。

转载地址

https://www.docs.opencv.org/2.4.13/modules/highgui/doc/reading_and_writing_images_and_video.html?highlight=imwrite#imwrite

内容

 

 

Saves an image to a specified file.

C++: bool imwrite(const string& filename, InputArray img, const vector<int>& params=vector<int>() )

Python: cv2.imwrite(filename, img[, params]) → retval

C: int cvSaveImage(const char* filename, const CvArr* image, const int* params=0 )

Python: cv.SaveImage(filename, image) → None

Parameters:

filename – Name of the file. image – Image to be saved. params – Format-specific save parameters encoded as pairs paramId_1, paramValue_1, paramId_2,paramValue_2, ... . The following parameters are currently supported: For JPEG, it can be a quality ( CV_IMWRITE_JPEG_QUALITY ) from 0 to 100 (the higher is the better). Default value is 95. For PNG, it can be the compression level ( CV_IMWRITE_PNG_COMPRESSION ) from 0 to 9. A higher value means a smaller size and longer compression time. Default value is 3. For PPM, PGM, or PBM, it can be a binary format flag ( CV_IMWRITE_PXM_BINARY ), 0 or 1. Default value is 1.

The function imwrite saves the image to the specified file. The image format is chosen based on the filenameextension (see imread() for the list of extensions). Only 8-bit (or 16-bit unsigned (CV_16U) in case of PNG, JPEG 2000, and TIFF) single-channel or 3-channel (with ‘BGR’ channel order) images can be saved using this function. If the format, depth or channel order is different, use Mat::convertTo() , and cvtColor() to convert it before saving. Or, use the universal FileStorage I/O functions to save the image to XML or YAML format.

It is possible to store PNG images with an alpha channel using this function. To do this, create 8-bit (or 16-bit) 4-channel image BGRA, where the alpha channel goes last. Fully transparent pixels should have alpha set to 0, fully opaque pixels should have alpha set to 255/65535. The sample below shows how to create such a BGRA image and store to PNG file. It also demonstrates how to set custom compression parameters

 

大致含义

imwrite函数只支持保存8位（或16位无符号）的单通道或者三通道（BGR）图像为PNG、JPEG 2000、TIFF格式的图像文件。其他格式的图像要么转化为以上的格式，要么使用FileStorage提供的方法保存为XML或YAML文件。

代码

#include <vector>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

void createAlphaMat(Mat &mat)
{
    CV_Assert(mat.channels() == 4);
    for (int i = 0; i < mat.rows; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < mat.cols; ++j) {
            Vec4b& bgra = mat.at<Vec4b>(i, j);
            bgra[0] = UCHAR_MAX; // Blue
            bgra[1] = saturate_cast<uchar>((float (mat.cols - j)) / ((float)mat.cols) * UCHAR_MAX); // Green
            bgra[2] = saturate_cast<uchar>((float (mat.rows - i)) / ((float)mat.rows) * UCHAR_MAX); // Red
            bgra[3] = saturate_cast<uchar>(0.5 * (bgra[1] + bgra[2])); // Alpha
        }
    }
}

int main(int argv, char **argc)
{
    // Create mat with alpha channel
    Mat mat(480, 640, CV_8UC4);
    createAlphaMat(mat);

    vector<int> compression_params;
    compression_params.push_back(CV_IMWRITE_PNG_COMPRESSION);
    compression_params.push_back(9);

    try {
        imwrite("alpha.png", mat, compression_params);
    }
    catch (runtime_error& ex) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Exception converting image to PNG format: %s\n", ex.what());
        return 1;
    }

    fprintf(stdout, "Saved PNG file with alpha data.\n");
    return 0;
}