Java堆溢出
Java堆用于存储对象,只要不断的创建对象,并保证GC Roots到对象之间有可达路径来避免垃圾回收机制清除这些对象,那么在对象数量到达最大堆的容量限制后就会产生内存溢出异常。
复制代码
package com.lindaxuan.outofmemory;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* VM Args:-Xms20m -Xmx20m -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError
* 将堆的最小值-Xms参数与最大值-Xmx参数设置为一样即可避免堆自动扩展。
*/
/**
* @author fangxin
* @date 2017/3/11.
*/
public class HeapOOM {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<HeapOOM> list = new ArrayList<HeapOOM>();
while(true){
list.add(new HeapOOM());
}
}
}
日志
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
at java.util.Arrays.copyOf(Arrays.java:2245)
at java.util.Arrays.copyOf(Arrays.java:2219)
at java.util.ArrayList.grow(ArrayList.java:213)
at java.util.ArrayList.ensureCapacityInternal(ArrayList.java:187)
at java.util.ArrayList.add(ArrayList.java:411)
at com.jvm.HeapOOM.main(HeapOOM.java:14)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144)
Process finished with exit code 1
可以用jhat分析生成的 *.hprof文件
jhat ~\java_pid752.hprof
虚拟机栈和本地方法栈溢出
stackoverflow 出现有两种情况
- 栈帧太大
- 虚拟机栈容量太小
package com.jvm;
/**
* VM Args:-Xss128k
* @author fangxin
* @date 2017/3/11.
*/
public class JavaVMStackSOF {
private int stackLength = 1;
public void stackLeak(){
stackLength++;
stackLeak();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
JavaVMStackSOF oom = new JavaVMStackSOF();
try{
oom.stackLeak();
}catch(Throwable e){
System.out.println("stack length:"+oom.stackLength);
throw e;
}
}
}
内存溢出(注意,可能使机器假死)。
原因是创建的java虚拟机栈太多消耗了所有的内存
package com.jvm;
/**
* VM Args:-Xss2M (这时候不妨设大些)
* @author fangxin
* @date 2017/3/11.
*/
public class JavaVMStackOOM {
private void dontStop(){
while(true){
}
}
public void stackLeakByThread(){
while(true){
Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
dontStop();
}
});
thread.start();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
JavaVMStackOOM oom = new JavaVMStackOOM();
oom.stackLeakByThread();
}
}
方法区和运行时常量池溢出
运行时常量池
下面这段代码需要jdk1.6模拟。
/**
* VM Args:-XX:PermSize=10M -XX:MaxPermSize=10M
* @author zzm
* could not download jdk1.6 for macos
*/
public class RuntimeConstantPoolOOM {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 使用List保持着常量池引用,避免Full GC回收常量池行为
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
// 10MB的PermSize在integer范围内足够产生OOM了
int i = 0;
while (true) {
list.add(String.valueOf(i++).intern());
}
}
}
运行时方法区溢出
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Enhancer;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodInterceptor;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
/**
* VM Args: -XX:PermSize=10M -XX:MaxPermSize=10M
* @author linxuan
*/
public class JavaMethodAreaOOM {
public static void main(String[] args) {
while (true) {
Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer();
enhancer.setSuperclass(OOMObject.class);
enhancer.setUseCache(false);
enhancer.setCallback(new MethodInterceptor() {
public Object intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] args, MethodProxy proxy) throws Throwable {
return proxy.invokeSuper(obj, args);
}
});
enhancer.create();
}
}
static class OOMObject {
}
}
/*
* result:
Exception in thread "main"
Exception: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError thrown from the UncaughtExceptionHandler in thread "main"
*/
本机直接内存溢出
DirectMemory容量可通过-XX: MaxDirectMemorySize指定,如果不指定,则默认与Java堆最大值 (-Xmx指定)一样。
/**
* VM Args:-Xmx20M -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=10M
* @author linxuan
*/
public class DirectMemoryOOM {
private static final int _1MB = 1024 * 1024;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Field unsafeField = Unsafe.class.getDeclaredFields()[0];
unsafeField.setAccessible(true);
Unsafe unsafe = (Unsafe) unsafeField.get(null);
while (true) {
unsafe.allocateMemory(_1MB);
}
}
}