OutOfMemoryError总结

Java堆溢出

Java堆用于存储对象，只要不断的创建对象，并保证GC Roots到对象之间有可达路径来避免垃圾回收机制清除这些对象，那么在对象数量到达最大堆的容量限制后就会产生内存溢出异常。

复制代码

package com.lindaxuan.outofmemory;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * VM Args：-Xms20m -Xmx20m -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError
 * 将堆的最小值-Xms参数与最大值-Xmx参数设置为一样即可避免堆自动扩展。
 */
/**
 * @author fangxin
 * @date 2017/3/11.
 */
public class HeapOOM {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<HeapOOM> list = new ArrayList<HeapOOM>();
        while(true){
            list.add(new HeapOOM());
        }
    }
}

日志

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
    at java.util.Arrays.copyOf(Arrays.java:2245)
    at java.util.Arrays.copyOf(Arrays.java:2219)
    at java.util.ArrayList.grow(ArrayList.java:213)
    at java.util.ArrayList.ensureCapacityInternal(ArrayList.java:187)
    at java.util.ArrayList.add(ArrayList.java:411)
    at com.jvm.HeapOOM.main(HeapOOM.java:14)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144)

Process finished with exit code 1

可以用jhat分析生成的 *.hprof文件

jhat ~\java_pid752.hprof     

虚拟机栈和本地方法栈溢出

stackoverflow 出现有两种情况

• 栈帧太大
• 虚拟机栈容量太小

package com.jvm;

/**
 * VM Args：-Xss128k
 * @author fangxin
 * @date 2017/3/11.
 */
public class JavaVMStackSOF {
    private int stackLength = 1;

    public void stackLeak(){
        stackLength++;
        stackLeak();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
        JavaVMStackSOF oom = new JavaVMStackSOF();
        try{
            oom.stackLeak();
        }catch(Throwable e){
            System.out.println("stack length:"+oom.stackLength);
            throw e;
        }
    }
}

内存溢出（注意，可能使机器假死）。
原因是创建的java虚拟机栈太多消耗了所有的内存

package com.jvm;

/**
 * VM Args：-Xss2M （这时候不妨设大些）
 * @author fangxin
 * @date 2017/3/11.
 */
public class JavaVMStackOOM {

    private void dontStop(){
        while(true){

        }
    }

    public void stackLeakByThread(){
        while(true){
            Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    dontStop();
                }
            });
            thread.start();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JavaVMStackOOM oom = new JavaVMStackOOM();
        oom.stackLeakByThread();
    }
}

方法区和运行时常量池溢出

运行时常量池
下面这段代码需要jdk1.6模拟。

/**
 * VM Args：-XX:PermSize=10M -XX:MaxPermSize=10M
 * @author zzm
 * could not download jdk1.6 for macos
 */
public class RuntimeConstantPoolOOM {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 使用List保持着常量池引用，避免Full GC回收常量池行为
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
        // 10MB的PermSize在integer范围内足够产生OOM了
        int i = 0;
        while (true) {
            list.add(String.valueOf(i++).intern());
        }
    }
}

运行时方法区溢出

import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Enhancer;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodInterceptor;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/**
 * VM Args： -XX:PermSize=10M -XX:MaxPermSize=10M
 * @author linxuan
 */
public class JavaMethodAreaOOM {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        while (true) {
            Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer();
            enhancer.setSuperclass(OOMObject.class);
            enhancer.setUseCache(false);
            enhancer.setCallback(new MethodInterceptor() {
                public Object intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] args, MethodProxy proxy) throws Throwable {
                    return proxy.invokeSuper(obj, args);
                }
            });
            enhancer.create();
        }
    }

    static class OOMObject {

    }
}
/*
 * result:
 Exception in thread "main"
 Exception: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError thrown from the UncaughtExceptionHandler in thread "main"
*/

本机直接内存溢出

DirectMemory容量可通过-XX: MaxDirectMemorySize指定，如果不指定，则默认与Java堆最大值 (-Xmx指定)一样。

/**
 * VM Args：-Xmx20M -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=10M
 * @author linxuan
 */
public class DirectMemoryOOM {

    private static final int _1MB = 1024 * 1024;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Field unsafeField = Unsafe.class.getDeclaredFields()[0];
        unsafeField.setAccessible(true);
        Unsafe unsafe = (Unsafe) unsafeField.get(null);
        while (true) {
            unsafe.allocateMemory(_1MB);
        }
    }
}