问题:JSP的Forward及sendRedirect方法都实现了页面的跳转。却有以下不同之处:
forward跳转:<jsp:forward page="跳转页面地址" />:
a.服务器端跳转,地址栏不改变;b.执行到跳转语句后马上无条件跳转,之后的代码不再执行(跳转之前一定要释放全部资源);c.request设置的属性在跳转后的页面仍可以使用;d.使用<jsp:param name="参数名" value="参数值" />传递参数。
sendRedirect跳转:response.sendRedirect("跳转页面地址"):
a.客户端跳转,地址栏改变;b.所有代码执行完毕后跳转;c.跳转后的页面不能使用上一个页面的request属性;d.使用地址重写传递参数(response.sendRedirect("URL?参数名=参数值"))。
Response.sendRedirect是两个不同的request,是在客户端跳转,浏览器显示的是跳转后的页面的名字。因为它是从客户端跳转到第二个页面的。
使用forward时,由于只是发送一次request请求,request设置的属性(setAttribute)依然能保留在下一个页面。
使用sendRedirect时,由于发送两次request请求,所以在下一个不能获取request属性。但可以通过重写URL的方式
内容传递过去。
下面举例说明:
tian.jsp
<%request.setAttribute("river","redwater");
request.setAttribute("country","daguaiwan");
%>
<jsp:forward page="fengshan.jsp" />
donglan.jsp
<%request.setAttribute("river","redwater");
request.setAttribute("country","daguaiwan");
%>
<a href="fengshan.jsp">fengshan</a>
bama.jsp
<%request.setAttribute("river","redwater");
request.setAttribute("country","daguaiwan");
response.sendRedirect("fengshan.jsp");
%>
fengshan.jsp
<%=request.getAttribute("river")%><br/>
<%=request.getAttribute("country")%>
http://localhost:8080/ForwardRedirect/tiane.jsp 跳转后结果为:
redwater
daguaiwan
http://localhost:8080/ForwardRedirect/donglan.jsp 跳转后结果为:
null
null
http://localhost:8080/ForwardRedirect/bama.jsp 跳转后结果为:
null
null
tian.jsp
<%request.setAttribute("river","redwater");
request.setAttribute("country","daguaiwan");
%>
<jsp:forward page="fengshan.jsp" />
donglan.jsp
<%request.setAttribute("river","redwater");
request.setAttribute("country","daguaiwan");
%>
<a href="fengshan.jsp">fengshan</a>
bama.jsp
<%request.setAttribute("river","redwater");
request.setAttribute("country","daguaiwan");
response.sendRedirect("fengshan.jsp");
%>
fengshan.jsp
<%=request.getAttribute("river")%><br/>
<%=request.getAttribute("country")%>
http://localhost:8080/ForwardRedirect/tiane.jsp 跳转后结果为:
redwater
daguaiwan
http://localhost:8080/ForwardRedirect/donglan.jsp 跳转后结果为:
null
null
http://localhost:8080/ForwardRedirect/bama.jsp 跳转后结果为:
null
null
结果分析: tiane.jsp是通过forward跳转到fengshan.jsp的,这两个页面享用的是同一个request,故fengshan.jsp可以接收到tiane.jsp通过 request设置的属性。而donglan.jsp是通过href发送了另外的request请求,bama.jsp是通过sendRedirect跳转,用的也是另外的request请求,故fengshan.jsp不可以接收到这两个页面通过 request设置的属性。 Jsp和Servlet之间的跳转:从Jsp跳转Servlet可以使用或者response.sendRedirect(URL)都可以,它们之间的区别上面已经说明了。 从Servlet跳转Jsp: getRequestDispatcher的forward(request, response)方法,这里也只是发送了一次请求,可以在下一个页面接受request设置的属性。 ? response.sendRedirect(URL),这里发送了两次请求,不可以在下一个页面接受request设置的属性。
例子如下:
servlettiane.jsp
<%request.setAttribute("river","redwater");
request.setAttribute("country","daguaiwan");
%>
<jsp:forward page="/tiane" />
servletbama.jsp
<%request.setAttribute("river","redwater");
request.setAttribute("country","daguaiwan");
response.sendRedirect("/ForwardRedirect/tiane");
%>
<%request.setAttribute("river","redwater");
request.setAttribute("country","daguaiwan");
%>
<jsp:forward page="/tiane" />
servletbama.jsp
<%request.setAttribute("river","redwater");
request.setAttribute("country","daguaiwan");
response.sendRedirect("/ForwardRedirect/tiane");
%>
Tiane.java
public class Tiane extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// response.sendRedirect("/ForwardRedirect/fengshan.jsp");
this.getServletConfig().getServletContext()
.getRequestDispatcher("/fengshan.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
public class Tiane extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// response.sendRedirect("/ForwardRedirect/fengshan.jsp");
this.getServletConfig().getServletContext()
.getRequestDispatcher("/fengshan.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
再在web.xml中配置servlet:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>tiane</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.dvnchina.test.Tiane</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>tiane</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/tiane</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>tiane</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.dvnchina.test.Tiane</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>tiane</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/tiane</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>