自定义EL函数的步骤

最新推荐文章于 2021-12-28 18:21:38 发布

董乐强66

最新推荐文章于 2021-12-28 18:21:38 发布

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分类专栏： Java后台开发

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u011145904/article/details/75575153

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第一步，首先定义一个public 的类，在该类中定义方法，这个方法必须是静态的，例如：

package com.tinysoft.cn.test;

//自定义函数，定义一个类，这个类必须是public的
//类中提供静态方法，实现功能
public class MyFunction {
    //必须是静态方法
	public static String toUpperCase(String s){
		//转化为大写
		return s.toUpperCase();
	}
}

第二步，在WEB-INF目录下，新建一个tld结尾的xml文件，例如：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_1.xsd"
 version="2.1">
   <tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version>

   <!-- myfun和uri提供给jsp调用时引用，没有实际意思-->
   <short-name>myfun</short-name>
   <uri>http://www.itheima.com/jsp/myfunctions</uri>
   <function>

  <!-- 注意函数名和上一步定义的静态方法要一致-->
   <name>toUpperCase</name>

  <!-- 上面方法所在类的全路径名-->
   <function-class>com.tinysoft.cn.test.MyFunction</function-class>

  <!-- 函数的签名，函数的参数和返回值为基本数据类型时，则不需要签名-->
   <function-signature>java.lang.String toUpperCase(java.lang.String)</function-signature>
   </function>

</taglib>

第三步，在jsp中调用这个定义的函数

 <body>
   <%String s="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
     pageContext.setAttribute("s", "abddgfdgdgd");
   
    %>
    ${myfun:toUpperCase(s)}
 
  </body>
//注意javaee也内置了很多EL函数


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd"
  version="2.0">
    
  <description>JSTL 1.1 functions library</description>
  <display-name>JSTL functions</display-name>
  <tlib-version>1.1</tlib-version>
  <short-name>fn</short-name>
  <uri>http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions</uri>

  <function>
    <description>
      Tests if an input string contains the specified substring.
    </description>
    <name>contains</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>boolean contains(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)</function-signature>
    <example>
      <c:if test="${fn:contains(name, searchString)}">
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Tests if an input string contains the specified substring in a case insensitive way.
    </description>
    <name>containsIgnoreCase</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>boolean containsIgnoreCase(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)</function-signature>
    <example>
      <c:if test="${fn:containsIgnoreCase(name, searchString)}">
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Tests if an input string ends with the specified suffix.
    </description>
    <name>endsWith</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>boolean endsWith(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)</function-signature>
    <example>
      <c:if test="${fn:endsWith(filename, ".txt")}">
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Escapes characters that could be interpreted as XML markup.
    </description>
    <name>escapeXml</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>java.lang.String escapeXml(java.lang.String)</function-signature>
    <example>
      ${fn:escapeXml(param:info)}
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Returns the index withing a string of the first occurrence of a specified substring.
    </description>
    <name>indexOf</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>int indexOf(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)</function-signature>
    <example>
      ${fn:indexOf(name, "-")}
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Joins all elements of an array into a string.
    </description>
    <name>join</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>java.lang.String join(java.lang.String[], java.lang.String)</function-signature>
    <example>
      ${fn:join(array, ";")}
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Returns the number of items in a collection, or the number of characters in a string.
    </description>
    <name>length</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>int length(java.lang.Object)</function-signature>
    <example>
      You have ${fn:length(shoppingCart.products)} in your shopping cart.
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Returns a string resulting from replacing in an input string all occurrences
      of a "before" string into an "after" substring.
    </description>
    <name>replace</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>java.lang.String replace(java.lang.String, java.lang.String, java.lang.String)</function-signature>
    <example>
      ${fn:replace(text, "-", "•")}
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Splits a string into an array of substrings.
    </description>
    <name>split</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>java.lang.String[] split(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)</function-signature>
    <example>
      ${fn:split(customerNames, ";")}
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Tests if an input string starts with the specified prefix.
    </description>
    <name>startsWith</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>boolean startsWith(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)</function-signature>
    <example>
      <c:if test="${fn:startsWith(product.id, "100-")}">
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Returns a subset of a string.
    </description>
    <name>substring</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>java.lang.String substring(java.lang.String, int, int)</function-signature>
    <example>
      P.O. Box: ${fn:substring(zip, 6, -1)}
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Returns a subset of a string following a specific substring.
    </description>
    <name>substringAfter</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>java.lang.String substringAfter(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)</function-signature>
    <example>
      P.O. Box: ${fn:substringAfter(zip, "-")}
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Returns a subset of a string before a specific substring.
    </description>
    <name>substringBefore</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>java.lang.String substringBefore(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)</function-signature>
    <example>
      Zip (without P.O. Box): ${fn:substringBefore(zip, "-")}
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Converts all of the characters of a string to lower case.
    </description>
    <name>toLowerCase</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>java.lang.String toLowerCase(java.lang.String)</function-signature>
    <example>
      Product name: ${fn.toLowerCase(product.name)}
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Converts all of the characters of a string to upper case.
    </description>
    <name>toUpperCase</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>java.lang.String toUpperCase(java.lang.String)</function-signature>
    <example>
      Product name: ${fn.UpperCase(product.name)}
    </example>
  </function>

  <function>
    <description>
      Removes white spaces from both ends of a string.
    </description>
    <name>trim</name>
    <function-class>org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions.Functions</function-class>
    <function-signature>java.lang.String trim(java.lang.String)</function-signature>
    <example>
      Name: ${fn.trim(name)}
    </example>  
  </function>

</taglib>


引用这些EL函数，必须导入standard.jar这个包,这个包中封装了所有Javaee内置函数，如：






配置文件fn.tld，jsp中引用EL内置函数来自于Functions这个类里面的所有静态方法：如EL内置函数有：

package org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions;

import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspTagException;
import org.apache.taglibs.standard.resources.Resources;
import org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.common.core.Util;

public class Functions
{
  public static String toUpperCase(String input)
  {
    return input.toUpperCase();
  }
  
  public static String toLowerCase(String input)
  {
    return input.toLowerCase();
  }
  
  public static int indexOf(String input, String substring)
  {
    if (input == null) {
      input = "";
    }
    if (substring == null) {
      substring = "";
    }
    return input.indexOf(substring);
  }
  
  public static boolean contains(String input, String substring)
  {
    return indexOf(input, substring) != -1;
  }
  
  public static boolean containsIgnoreCase(String input, String substring)
  {
    if (input == null) {
      input = "";
    }
    if (substring == null) {
      substring = "";
    }
    String inputUC = input.toUpperCase();
    String substringUC = substring.toUpperCase();
    return indexOf(inputUC, substringUC) != -1;
  }
  
  public static boolean startsWith(String input, String substring)
  {
    if (input == null) {
      input = "";
    }
    if (substring == null) {
      substring = "";
    }
    return input.startsWith(substring);
  }
  
  public static boolean endsWith(String input, String substring)
  {
    if (input == null) {
      input = "";
    }
    if (substring == null) {
      substring = "";
    }
    int index = input.indexOf(substring);
    if (index == -1) {
      return false;
    }
    if ((index == 0) && (substring.length() == 0)) {
      return true;
    }
    return index == input.length() - substring.length();
  }
  
  public static String substring(String input, int beginIndex, int endIndex)
  {
    if (input == null) {
      input = "";
    }
    if (beginIndex >= input.length()) {
      return "";
    }
    if (beginIndex < 0) {
      beginIndex = 0;
    }
    if ((endIndex < 0) || (endIndex > input.length())) {
      endIndex = input.length();
    }
    if (endIndex < beginIndex) {
      return "";
    }
    return input.substring(beginIndex, endIndex);
  }
  
  public static String substringAfter(String input, String substring)
  {
    if (input == null) {
      input = "";
    }
    if (input.length() == 0) {
      return "";
    }
    if (substring == null) {
      substring = "";
    }
    if (substring.length() == 0) {
      return input;
    }
    int index = input.indexOf(substring);
    if (index == -1) {
      return "";
    }
    return input.substring(index + substring.length());
  }
  
  public static String substringBefore(String input, String substring)
  {
    if (input == null) {
      input = "";
    }
    if (input.length() == 0) {
      return "";
    }
    if (substring == null) {
      substring = "";
    }
    if (substring.length() == 0) {
      return "";
    }
    int index = input.indexOf(substring);
    if (index == -1) {
      return "";
    }
    return input.substring(0, index);
  }
  
  public static String escapeXml(String input)
  {
    if (input == null) {
      return "";
    }
    return Util.escapeXml(input);
  }
  
  public static String trim(String input)
  {
    if (input == null) {
      return "";
    }
    return input.trim();
  }
  
  public static String replace(String input, String substringBefore, String substringAfter)
  {
    if (input == null) {
      input = "";
    }
    if (input.length() == 0) {
      return "";
    }
    if (substringBefore == null) {
      substringBefore = "";
    }
    if (substringBefore.length() == 0) {
      return input;
    }
    StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(input.length());
    int startIndex = 0;
    int index;
    while ((index = input.indexOf(substringBefore, startIndex)) != -1)
    {
      buf.append(input.substring(startIndex, index)).append(substringAfter);
      startIndex = index + substringBefore.length();
    }
    return input.substring(startIndex);
  }
  
  public static String[] split(String input, String delimiters)
  {
    if (input == null) {
      input = "";
    }
    if (input.length() == 0)
    {
      String[] array = new String[1];
      array[0] = "";
      return array;
    }
    if (delimiters == null) {
      delimiters = "";
    }
    StringTokenizer tok = new StringTokenizer(input, delimiters);
    int count = tok.countTokens();
    String[] array = new String[count];
    int i = 0;
    while (tok.hasMoreTokens()) {
      array[(i++)] = tok.nextToken();
    }
    return array;
  }
  
  public static int length(Object obj)
    throws JspTagException
  {
    if (obj == null) {
      return 0;
    }
    if ((obj instanceof String)) {
      return ((String)obj).length();
    }
    if ((obj instanceof Collection)) {
      return ((Collection)obj).size();
    }
    if ((obj instanceof Map)) {
      return ((Map)obj).size();
    }
    int count = 0;
    if ((obj instanceof Iterator))
    {
      Iterator iter = (Iterator)obj;
      count = 0;
      while (iter.hasNext())
      {
        count++;
        iter.next();
      }
      return count;
    }
    if ((obj instanceof Enumeration))
    {
      Enumeration enum_ = (Enumeration)obj;
      count = 0;
      while (enum_.hasMoreElements())
      {
        count++;
        enum_.nextElement();
      }
      return count;
    }
    try
    {
      return Array.getLength(obj);
    }
    catch (IllegalArgumentException ex)
    {
      throw new JspTagException(Resources.getMessage("FOREACH_BAD_ITEMS"));
    }
  }
  
  public static String join(String[] array, String separator)
  {
    if (array == null) {
      return "";
    }
    if (separator == null) {
      separator = "";
    }
    StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
    for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++)
    {
      buf.append(array[i]);
      if (i < array.length - 1) {
        buf.append(separator);
      }
    }
    return buf.toString();
  }
}