swift之FileManager的操作

      1）首先我们获取用户文档目录路径

       

        let manager = FileManager.default

        let urlForDocument = manager.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in:.userDomainMask)

        let url = urlForDocument[0] as URL

        print(url)

        

        

//        （2）对指定路径执行浅搜索，返回指定目录路径下的文件、子目录及符号链接的列表

       

        let contentsOfPath = try? manager.contentsOfDirectory(atPath: url.path)

        print("contentsOfPath: \(contentsOfPath)")

        

        

//        （3）类似上面的，对指定路径执行浅搜索，返回指定目录路径下的文件、子目录及符号链接的列表

       

        let contentsOfURL = try? manager.contentsOfDirectory(at: url,

                                                             includingPropertiesForKeys: nil, options: .skipsHiddenFiles)

        print("contentsOfURL: \(contentsOfURL)")

       

        

//        （4）深度遍历，会递归遍历子文件夹（但不会递归符号链接）

      

        let enumeratorAtPath = manager.enumerator(atPath: url.path)

        print("enumeratorAtPath: \(enumeratorAtPath?.allObjects)")

    

        

//        （5）类似上面的，深度遍历，会递归遍历子文件夹（但不会递归符号链接）

      

        let enumeratorAtURL = manager.enumerator(at: url, includingPropertiesForKeys: nil,

                                                 options: .skipsHiddenFiles, errorHandler:nil)

        print("enumeratorAtURL: \(enumeratorAtURL?.allObjects)")

       

        

//        （6）深度遍历，会递归遍历子文件夹（包括符号链接，所以要求性能的话用enumeratorAtPath）

        

        let subPaths = manager.subpaths(atPath: url.path)

        print("subPaths: \(subPaths)")

       

        

//        2，判断文件或文件夹是否存在

        

        let fileManager = FileManager.default

        let filePath:String = NSHomeDirectory() + "/Documents/hangge.txt"

        let exist = fileManager.fileExists(atPath: filePath)

        

//        3，创建文件夹

//        方式1：

       

        let myDirectory:String = NSHomeDirectory() + "/Documents/myFolder/Files"

        let fileManager = FileManager.default

        

        //withIntermediateDirectories为ture表示路径中间如果有不存在的文件夹都会创建

        try! fileManager.createDirectory(atPath: myDirectory,

                                         withIntermediateDirectories: true, attributes: nil)

//        方式2：

       

      

        func createFolder(name:String,baseUrl:NSURL){

            let manager = FileManager.default

            let folder = baseUrl.appendingPathComponent(name, isDirectory: true)

            print("文件夹: \(folder)")

            let exist = manager.fileExists(atPath: folder!.path)

            if !exist {

                try! manager.createDirectory(at: folder!, withIntermediateDirectories: true,

                                             attributes: nil)

            }

        }

        

        //在文档目录下新建folder目录

        let manager = FileManager.default

        let urlForDocument = manager.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask)

        let url = urlForDocument[0] as NSURL

        createFolder(name: "folder", baseUrl: url)

        

//        4，将对象写入文件

//        可以通过write(to:)方法，可以创建文件并将对象写入，对象包括String，NSString，UIImage，NSArray，NSDictionary等。

//        （1）把String保存到文件

//

        let filePath:String = NSHomeDirectory() + "/Documents/hangge.txt"

        let info = "欢迎来到hange.com"

        try! info.write(toFile: filePath, atomically: true, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8)

        

//        （2）把图片保存到文件路径下

        

        let filePath = NSHomeDirectory() + "/Documents/hangge.png"

        let image = UIImage(named: "apple.png")

        let data:Data = UIImagePNGRepresentation(image!)!

        try? data.write(to: URL(fileURLWithPath: filePath))

        

//        （3）把NSArray保存到文件路径下

       

        let array = NSArray(objects: "aaa","bbb","ccc")

        let filePath:String = NSHomeDirectory() + "/Documents/array.plist"

        array.write(toFile: filePath, atomically: true)

        

//        （4）把NSDictionary保存到文件路径下

        

        let dictionary:NSDictionary = ["Gold": "1st Place", "Silver": "2nd Place"]

        let filePath:String = NSHomeDirectory() + "/Documents/dictionary.plist"

        dictionary.write(toFile: filePath, atomically: true)

        

//        5，创建文件

        

      

        func createFile(name:String, fileBaseUrl:URL){

            let manager = FileManager.default

            

            let file = fileBaseUrl.appendingPathComponent(name)

            print("文件: \(file)")

            let exist = manager.fileExists(atPath: file.path)

            if !exist {

                let data = Data(base64Encoded:"aGVsbG8gd29ybGQ=" ,options:.ignoreUnknownCharacters)

                let createSuccess = manager.createFile(atPath: file.path,contents:data,attributes:nil)

                print("文件创建结果: \(createSuccess)")

            }

        }

        

        //在文档目录下新建test.txt文件

        let manager = FileManager.default

        let urlForDocument = manager.urls( for: .documentDirectory,

                                           in:.userDomainMask)

        let url = urlForDocument[0]

        createFile(name:"test.txt", fileBaseUrl: url)

        //createFile(name: "folder/new.txt", fileBaseUrl: url)

        

//        6，复制文件

//        （1）方法1

      

        let fileManager = FileManager.default

        let homeDirectory = NSHomeDirectory()

        let srcUrl = homeDirectory + "/Documents/hangge.txt"

        let toUrl = homeDirectory + "/Documents/copyed.txt"

        try! fileManager.copyItem(atPath: srcUrl, toPath: toUrl)

        

//        （2）方法2

       

        // 定位到用户文档目录

        let manager = FileManager.default

        let urlForDocument = manager.urls( for:.documentDirectory, in:.userDomainMask)

        let url = urlForDocument[0]

        

        // 将test.txt文件拷贝到文档目录根目录下的copyed.txt文件

        let srcUrl = url.appendingPathComponent("test.txt")

        let toUrl = url.appendingPathComponent("copyed.txt")

        

        try! manager.copyItem(at: srcUrl, to: toUrl)

        

//        7，移动文件

//        （1）方法1

       

        let fileManager = FileManager.default

        let homeDirectory = NSHomeDirectory()

        let srcUrl = homeDirectory + "/Documents/hangge.txt"

        let toUrl = homeDirectory + "/Documents/moved/hangge.txt"

        try! fileManager.moveItem(atPath: srcUrl, toPath: toUrl)

        

//        （2）方法2

        

        // 定位到用户文档目录

        let manager = FileManager.default

        let urlForDocument = manager.urls( for: .documentDirectory, in:.userDomainMask)

        let url = urlForDocument[0]

        

        let srcUrl = url.appendingPathComponent("test.txt")

        let toUrl = url.appendingPathComponent("copyed.txt")

        // 移动srcUrl中的文件（test.txt）到toUrl中（copyed.txt）

        try! manager.moveItem(at: srcUrl, to: toUrl)

        

       // 8，删除文件

        （1）方法1

       

        let fileManager = FileManager.default

        let homeDirectory = NSHomeDirectory()

        let srcUrl = homeDirectory + "/Documents/hangge.txt"

        try! fileManager.removeItem(atPath: srcUrl)

        

       // （2）方法2

       

        // 定位到用户文档目录

        let manager = FileManager.default

        let urlForDocument = manager.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in:.userDomainMask)

        let url = urlForDocument[0]

        

        let toUrl = url.appendingPathComponent("copyed.txt")

        // 删除文档根目录下的toUrl路径的文件（copyed.txt文件）

        try! manager.removeItem(at: toUrl)

        

       // 9，删除目录下所有的文件

        //（1）方法1：获取所有文件，然后遍历删除

        

        let fileManager = FileManager.default

        let myDirectory = NSHomeDirectory() + "/Documents/Files"

        let fileArray = fileManager.subpaths(atPath: myDirectory)

        for fn in fileArray!{

            try! fileManager.removeItem(atPath: myDirectory + "/\(fn)")

        }

        

        //（2）方法2：删除目录后重新创建该目录

        

        let fileManager = FileManager.default

        let myDirectory = NSHomeDirectory() + "/Documents/Files"

        try! fileManager.removeItem(atPath: myDirectory)

        try! fileManager.createDirectory(atPath: myDirectory, withIntermediateDirectories: true,

                                         attributes: nil)

      //  10，读取文件

   

        let manager = FileManager.default

        let urlsForDocDirectory = manager.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in:.userDomainMask)

        let docPath = urlsForDocDirectory[0]

        let file = docPath.appendingPathComponent("test.txt")

        

        //方法1

        let readHandler = try! FileHandle(forReadingFrom:file)

        let data = readHandler.readDataToEndOfFile()

        let readString = String(data: data, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8)

        print("文件内容: \(readString)")

        

        //方法2

        let data2 = manager.contents(atPath: file.path)

        let readString2 = String(data: data2!, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8)

        print("文件内容: \(readString2)")

        

      //  11，在任意位置写入数据

      

        let manager = FileManager.default

        let urlsForDocDirectory = manager.urls(for:.documentDirectory, in:.userDomainMask)

        let docPath = urlsForDocDirectory[0]

        let file = docPath.appendingPathComponent("test.txt")

        

        let string = "添加一些文字到文件末尾"

        let appendedData = string.data(using: String.Encoding.utf8, allowLossyConversion: true)

        let writeHandler = try? FileHandle(forWritingTo:file)

        writeHandler!.seekToEndOfFile()

        writeHandler!.write(appendedData!)

        

       // 12，文件权限判断

       

        let manager = FileManager.default

        let urlForDocument = manager.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in:.userDomainMask)

        let docPath = urlForDocument[0]

        let file = docPath.appendingPathComponent("test.txt")

        

        let readable = manager.isReadableFile(atPath: file.path)

        print("可读: \(readable)")

        let writeable = manager.isWritableFile(atPath: file.path)

        print("可写: \(writeable)")

        let executable = manager.isExecutableFile(atPath: file.path)

        print("可执行: \(executable)")

        let deleteable = manager.isDeletableFile(atPath: file.path)

        print("可删除: \(deleteable)")

        

       //13，获取文件属性（创建时间，修改时间，文件大小，文件类型等信息）

      

        let manager = FileManager.default

        let urlForDocument = manager.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in:.userDomainMask)

        let docPath = urlForDocument[0]

        let file = docPath.appendingPathComponent("test.txt")

        

        let attributes = try? manager.attributesOfItem(atPath: file.path) //结果为Dictionary类型

        print("attributes: \(attributes!)")

       

        

        //从 attributes 中获取具体的属性：

        

        print("创建时间：\(attributes![FileAttributeKey.creationDate]!)")

        print("修改时间：\(attributes![FileAttributeKey.modificationDate]!)")

        print("文件大小：\(attributes![FileAttributeKey.size]!)")

        

        

       // 14，文件/文件夹比较

       

        let manager = FileManager.default

        let urlForDocument = manager.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in:.userDomainMask)

        let docPath = urlForDocument[0]

        let contents = try! manager.contentsOfDirectory(atPath: docPath.path)

        

        //下面比较用户文档中前面两个文件是否内容相同（该方法也可以用来比较目录）

        let count = contents.count

        if count > 1 {

            let path1 = docPath.path + "/" + (contents[0] as String)

            let path2 = docPath.path + "/" + (contents[1] as String)

            let equal = manager.contentsEqual(atPath: path1,andPath:path2)

            print("path1：\(path1)")

            print("path2：\(path2)")

            print("比较结果： \(equal)")

        }