【React】Ant Design自定义主题风格及主题切换

Ant Design 的自定义主题，对于刚入手的时候感觉真是一脸蒙圈，那今天给它梳理倒腾下；

1、自定义主题要点

整体样式变化，主要两个部分：

1.1、Design Token

https://ant.design/docs/react/customize-theme-cn#theme

官方介绍一大堆，咱们粗暴点就当作key=>value配置内容来看和理解！
大体分为四块配置项：

分类	涉及配置项
通用/基本样式	token	可查阅SeedToken、MapToken、AliasToken
组件样式	components	查阅各个组件最底下的主题变量（Design Token）内容
样式算法	algorithm	这块其实就算UI库内部自动帮你换算不同“等级”颜色color值
扩展配置	inherit、cssVar、hashed	这块应该很少会去改它，做主题切换的时候建议cssVar开启

1.2、全局配置 ConfigProvider 组件

https://ant.design/components/config-provider-cn

import React from 'react';
import { ConfigProvider } from 'antd';

// ...
const Demo: React.FC = () => (
  <ConfigProvider componentSize={"middle"}>
  // 界面组件
  </ConfigProvider>
);

export default Demo;

这块涉及到主题样式的主要是componentSize配置项和组件配置

2、实战

以下做个实验性案例，不要纠结细节哈！

2.1、实验环境

• next： 14.1.0
• react：^18
• antd：^5.14.1

√ Would you like to use TypeScript? ... Yes
√ Would you like to use ESLint? ... No
√ Would you like to use Tailwind CSS? ... No
√ Would you like to use `src/` directory? ... No
√ Would you like to use App Router? (recommended) ... Yes
√ Would you like to customize the default import alias (@/*)? ... Yes
√ What import alias would you like configured? ... @/*

2.2、目录结构

| - app
	|- page.tsx
|- theme
	|- default
		|- index.ts
	|- custom
		|- index.ts
	|- index.ts
	|- themeCenter.ts

2.3、相关文件编写

2.3.1、page.tsx

主要方便实验展示

"use client";

import React, { useState } from "react";
import {
  SearchOutlined,
  AppstoreOutlined,
  MailOutlined,
  SettingOutlined,
} from "@ant-design/icons";
import { Button, Flex, Tooltip, Menu, Pagination, Divider } from "antd";

import ThemeComponents from "@/theme";

const items: any = [
  {
    label: "Navigation One",
    key: "mail",
    icon: <MailOutlined />,
  },
];

const App: React.FC = () => {
  const [theme, setTheme] = useState("default");

  return (
    <>
      <Flex gap="small">
        <Button type="primary" onClick={() => setTheme("default")}>
          主题1
        </Button>
        <Button type="primary" onClick={() => setTheme("custom")}>
          主题2
        </Button>
      </Flex>

      <Divider />
      <ThemeComponents theme={theme} dark={'light'}>
        <Flex gap="small" vertical>
          <Flex wrap="wrap" gap="small">
            <Button type="primary" shape="circle">
              A
            </Button>
            <Button type="primary" icon={<SearchOutlined />}>
              Search
            </Button>
            <Tooltip title="search">
              <Button shape="circle" icon={<SearchOutlined />} />
            </Tooltip>
            <Button icon={<SearchOutlined />}>Search</Button>
          </Flex>
          <Menu mode="horizontal" items={items} selectedKeys={["mail"]} />
          <Pagination defaultCurrent={1} total={50} />
        </Flex>
      </ThemeComponents>
    </>
  );
};

export default App;

2.3.1、ThemeComponents

// 这里仅演示主题切换，其他业务逻辑~~~自己探索哈！
import React, { useEffect, useState } from "react";
import { ConfigProvider } from "antd";
import { ThemeModeEnum } from "@/theme/themeCenter.d";
import DefaultTheme from "./default";
import CustomTheme from "./custom";

type Props = {
  theme: string;
  dark?: boolean,
  children: React.ReactNode;
};

const ThemeMap = {
  default: DefaultTheme,
  custom: CustomTheme,
};

const ThemeComponents = ({ theme = "default", dark, children }: Props) => {
  theme = theme ? theme : "default";
  const [themeCenter, setThemeCenter] = useState(new ThemeMap[theme]());
  const [darkTheme, setDarkTheme] = useState(dark);

  useEffect(() => {
    console.log("theme:", theme);
    setThemeCenter(new ThemeMap[theme]());
  }, [theme]);
  
  useEffect(() => {
    console.log("darkTheme:", dark);
    if(themeCenter){
    	themeCenter.ThemeMode = dark;
    	setDarkTheme(dark);
    }
  }, [dark]);

  return (
    <ConfigProvider {...themeCenter?.ThemeConfigProvider}>
      {children}
    </ConfigProvider>
  );
};

export default ThemeComponents;

2.3.1、Theme管理

这部分主要涉及两个部分：基础主题类和继承主题类

继承主题类
这部分主要用于不同主题样式的具体化配置
按主题目录区分，方便主题做其他更复杂的扩展预留空间

// 案例file: theme/default/index.ts
import ThemeCenter from "../themeCenter"

class ThemeConfiguration extends ThemeCenter
{
    // 这是父级ThemeCenter下放的初始化方法，主题初始化在这里进行
    // 除_initThemeConfig方法外，其他的可自行定义
    protected _initThemeConfig(){ 
        // 设置主题色
        this.ThemeColor = '#FF5C00';

        // 设置基础主题样式Token
        this.setThemeAllToken({
            fontSize: 14,
            colorLink: '#1890ff',
        }, 'token')

        // 设置组件样式Token
        this.LayoutComponentsToken();
        this.MenuComponentsToken();

        // ConfigProvider组件默认配置
        this.setThemeConfigProvider({
            componentSize: 'small'
        })
    }

    protected LayoutComponentsToken(){
        this.setThemeComponentsToken('Layout',{
            headerBg: '#fff',
            headerColor: '#333',
            headerHeight: 35,
            headerPadding: '0 16px 0 0',

            lightSiderBg: 'transparent',
            siderBg: '#fff',
            bodyBg: 'transparent',
            // footerBg: '#f2f3f5',
            // footerPadding: '24px 0'
        });
    }

    protected MenuComponentsToken(){
        // @link https://ant.design/components/menu-cn#%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98%E5%8F%98%E9%87%8Fdesign-token
        this.setThemeComponentsToken('Menu',{
            collapsedWidth: 46
            // itemBg: "rgba(255,255,255, .85)",
            // darkItemBg: 'var(--ant-layout-sider-bg)',
            // darkItemColor: 'rgba(0,0,0, .65)',
            // darkItemDisabledColor: 'rgba(0,0,0, .25)',
            // darkItemHoverBg: 'rgba(255,92,0, .65)',
            // darkItemHoverColor: '#fff',
            // darkPopupBg: '#181818',
            // darkSubMenuItemBg: 'var(--ant-layout-sider-bg)',
        })
    }
}

export default ThemeConfiguration;

基础主题类

// file: /theme/themeCenter.ts

import type {
    ThemeConfig,
    ThemeComponentsConfig,
    ThemeConfigProviderProps
} from "./themeCenter.d"
import { ThemeModeEnum } from "./themeCenter.d"
import {theme} from "antd";


class ThemeCenter {
    private themeName = "default";
    private themeColor:string = '#FF5C00';
    private themeMode:ThemeModeEnum = ThemeModeEnum.AUTO;

    /**
     * 明暗算法配置
     *  @var {object} _algorithm
     */
    private _algorithm = {
        light: theme.defaultAlgorithm,
        dark: theme.darkAlgorithm
    }

    private _lightAlgorithm = this._algorithm['light'];
    private _darkAlgorithm = this._algorithm['dark'];

    /**
     * 自定义主题配置
     * @link https://ant.design/docs/react/customize-theme-cn#theme
     * @var {ThemeConfig} _customThemeToken
     */
    private _customThemeToken:ThemeConfig = {
        token: {},
        // 继承上层 ConfigProvider 中配置的主题
        inherit: true,
        algorithm: this._algorithm['light'],
        components: {},
        // 开启 CSS 变量，参考使用 CSS 变量
        // @link https://ant.design/docs/react/css-variables-cn#api
        cssVar: {
            prefix: 'bogoo',
            key: 'theme',
        },
        // 组件 class Hash 值
        hashed: true,
    }

    /**
     * 自定义ConfigProvider组件配置
     *
     * @var {ThemeConfigProviderProps} _customConfigProvider
     */
    private _customConfigProvider:ThemeConfigProviderProps = {
        componentSize: undefined,
        theme: this._customThemeToken
    }

    constructor() {this._initThemeConfig();}

    protected _initThemeConfig(){}

    /**获取主题名称*/
    public get ThemeName(){return this.themeName;}
    /**获取当前主题色*/
    public get ThemeColor(){return this.themeColor;}
    public set ThemeColor(color: string){
        this.themeColor = color;
        this.setThemeAllToken({colorPrimary: color}, 'token')
    }
    /**获取明暗色系名称*/
    public get ThemeMode(){return this.themeMode;}
    /**设置明暗主题色配置*/
    public set ThemeMode(mode: ThemeModeEnum){
        this.themeMode = mode;
        let _algorithm: any = this._lightAlgorithm;
        if (mode === ThemeModeEnum.AUTO) {
            // _algorithm = this._darkAlgorithm;
        }else{
            _algorithm = mode===ThemeModeEnum.LIGHT ? this._lightAlgorithm : this._darkAlgorithm;
        }
        this.setThemeAllToken({algorithm: _algorithm});
    }
    /**主题Token配置*/
    public get ThemeToken(){return this._customThemeToken;}
    /**
     * 设置主题Token配置
     *
     * @param {ThemeConfig|ThemeComponentsConfig} token 全局主题token或组件token
     * @param {'token'|'algorithm'|'components'} field 可选，若指定配置名称，则仅更新对应配置
     *
     * @return {ThemeConfig}
     */
    public setThemeAllToken(
        token: ThemeConfig|ThemeComponentsConfig,
        field?:'token'|'algorithm'|'components'
    ){
        let _token:any = {};
        let _updateToken = token;
        if (field){
            if (!['token','algorithm','components'].includes(field))return this._customThemeToken;
            if (_updateToken instanceof Array){
                // @ts-ignore
                _token[field] = this._customThemeToken[field].concat(_updateToken)
            }else if(typeof _updateToken === 'object'){
                _token[field] = Object.assign({}, this._customThemeToken[field]||{}, _updateToken)
            }else{
                _token[field] = _updateToken
            }
        }else{
            _token = _updateToken;
        }
        console.log('_token:', _token)
        Object.assign(this._customThemeToken, _token);
        return this._customThemeToken;
    }
    /**
     * 组件主题Token配置
     *
     * @param {string} componentsName 组件名称(首字母大小)
     * @param {ThemeComponentsConfig} token 主题样式配置
     *
     * @return {void}
     */
    public setThemeComponentsToken(componentsName:string, token: ThemeComponentsConfig){
        this.setThemeAllToken({
            // @ts-ignore
            [componentsName]: Object.assign({} ,this._customThemeToken?.components[componentsName]||undefined, token)
        }, 'components')
    }
    /**ConfigProvider组件配置*/
    public get ThemeConfigProvider(){return this._customConfigProvider;}
    public setThemeConfigProvider(config:ThemeConfigProviderProps){
        Object.assign(this._customConfigProvider, config);
    }
}

export default ThemeCenter;

补充

• themeCenter.d.ts

import type {
    ThemeConfig as AntdThemeConfig,
    ComponentsConfig as AntdComponentsConfig,
} from "antd/es/config-provider/context";
import type {SizeType} from "antd/es/config-provider/SizeContext";
import type {ReactNode} from "react";

export enum ThemeModeEnum {
    AUTO = 'auto',
    DARK = 'dark',
    LIGHT = 'light'
}

export interface ThemeConfigProviderProps {
    componentSize?: SizeType;
    theme?:AntdThemeConfig;
}

export interface ThemeConfig extends AntdThemeConfig {}
export interface ThemeComponentsConfig extends AntdComponentsConfig {}

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没啦！学废了嘛？？！！！