servlet3.0新特性

1、annotation

servlet、filter、listener可以使用annotation来配置

• WebFilter
• WebInitParam
• WebListener
• WebServlet

   

  例子：

  配置一个servlet

  

   

  2、模块化编程

  servlet、filter、listener可以通过jar来打成jar包，然后放在WEB-INF\lib中；注意各自的模块都有各自的配置文件，这个配置文件的名称为  web-fragment.xml。

  模块制作步骤：

        1、编写servlet或者filter、listener

        2、编译成class文件，打成jar包

        3、把jar包中的META-INF中的mainifest删除，并添加web-fragment.xml

        4、在把jar包放入WEB-INF中既可

  web-fragment.xml文件的元素：

  根元素为<web-fragment>;

  <name></name>表示模块名称；

  <ordering></ordering>是此模块的加载顺序；

  <before><others/></before>表示第一个加载；

  .<after><name>A</name></after>表示比A后面加载；

  可以在里面部署listener、filter、servlet

   

   

  3、servlet异步处理

  servlet作为控制器，可以使用异步编程，把复杂响应时间交慢的业务交给另一个线程处理

  注意：需要使用注解asyncSupported进行声明

  package com.yaoxun.servlet;
  
  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.io.PrintWriter;
  
  import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
  import javax.servlet.ServletException;
  import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
  
  @WebServlet(urlPatterns={"/MyAsyscnServlet"},asyncSupported=true)
  public class MyAsyscnServlet extends HttpServlet {
  	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
  
  	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
  			HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
  		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
  		
  		AsyncContext ac = request.startAsync();
  		/*设置超时时间*/
  		ac.setTimeout(15000);
  		/*开启线程*/
  		ac.start(new MyThread(ac));
  		out.println("start....<br/>");
  		out.flush();
  	}
  
  	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
  			HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  		doGet(request, response);
  	}
  	
  	class MyThread implements Runnable {
  		private AsyncContext ac;
  		
  		public MyThread(AsyncContext ac) {
  			this.ac = ac;
  		}
  		@Override
  		public void run() {
  			try {				
  				PrintWriter out = ac.getResponse().getWriter();
  				Thread.sleep(3000);
  				out.println("复杂业务处理完了");
  				/*当异步处理完成，需要通知servlet*/
  				ac.complete();
  				out.close();
  			} catch (InterruptedException | IOException e) {
  				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
  				e.printStackTrace();
  			}
  		}
  		
  	}
  
  }
  

   

   

  4、异步listener

  异步listener用来监听异步处理事件

  需要实现接口AsyncListener，覆盖四个四个方法

  package com.yaoxun.listener;
  
  import java.io.IOException;
  
  import javax.servlet.AsyncEvent;
  import javax.servlet.AsyncListener;
  
  public class MyListener implements AsyncListener{
  
  	@Override
  	public void onComplete(AsyncEvent arg0) throws IOException {
  		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
  		
  	}
  
  	@Override
  	public void onError(AsyncEvent arg0) throws IOException {
  		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
  		
  	}
  
  	@Override
  	public void onStartAsync(AsyncEvent arg0) throws IOException {
  		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
  		
  	}
  
  	@Override
  	public void onTimeout(AsyncEvent arg0) throws IOException {
  		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
  		
  	}
  
  }
  

  
   

   

  5、文件上传API简化

  servlet3.0新特性不需要第三方包来实现上传

  注意点：

  1. html中 <input type="file">表示文件上传控件；

  2. form的 enctype="multipart/form-data"；

  3.在Servlet类前加上 @MultipartConfig

  4.request.getPart()获得；

   

  package com.yaoxun.listener;
  
  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.util.UUID;
  
  import javax.servlet.ServletException;
  import javax.servlet.annotation.MultipartConfig;
  import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
  import javax.servlet.http.Part;
  
  @WebServlet("/UploadServlet")
  @MultipartConfig
  public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
  	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
  
  	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
  			HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  		doPost(request, response);
  	}
  
  	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
  			HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  		/*获取file中的文件*/
  		Part part = request.getPart("upload");
  		/*获取上传文件的存放文件夹*/
  		String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
  		System.out.println(path);
  		/*
  		 * 获取上传文件的请求头信息
  		 * */
  		String name = part.getHeader("content-disposition");
  		/*获取文件的扩展名*/
  		String ext = name.substring(name.lastIndexOf("."),name.length()-1);
  		String f = path+"/" + UUID.randomUUID().toString()+ext;
  		System.out.println(f);
  		/*写入文件*/
  		part.write(f);
  	}
  
  

  }
  

  <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
      pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
  <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  <html>
  <head>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
  <title>Insert title here</title>
  </head>
  <body>
  	<form action="UploadServlet" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  		file:<input type="file" name="upload"><br>
  		<input type="submit" value="上传">
  	</form>
  </body>
  </html>