Android XML使用

1. XML资源文件中可以定义普通字符串，引用字符串，HTML 字符串和可替换字符串。

定义字符串资源的XML语法

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
  <string name="simple_string">simple string</string>
  <string name="quoted_string">"quoted 'xyz' string</string>
    <string name="double_quoted_string">\"double quoted\"</string>
      <string name="java_format_string">hello %2$s Java format string. %1$s again</string>
        <string name="tagged_string">Hello <b><i>Slanted Android</i></b>,you are bold</string>
</resources>

</pre><pre code_snippet_id="426151" snippet_file_name="blog_20140714_3_1883724" name="code" class="html">在java代码中使用字符串资源

<pre name="code" class="java">

                String simpleString=activity.getString(R.string.simple_string);
		String quotedString=activity.getString(R.string.quoted_string);
		String doubleQuotedString=activity.getString(R.string.double_quoted_string);
		
		String javaFormatString=activity.getString(R.string.java_format_string);
		String substitutedString=String.format(javaFormatString, "Hello","Android");
		
		String htmlTaggedString=activity.getString(R.string.tagged_string);
		Spanned textSpan=android.text.Html.fromHtml(htmlTaggedString);
		textView.setText(textSpan);

2.定义颜色资源的XML

 示例：

<resources>
    <color name="red">#foo</color>
    <color name="blue">#ooooff</color>
    <color name="green">#fofo</color>
    <color name="main_back_ground_color">#ffffff00</color>
</resources>

int mainBackgroundColor=activity.getResources.getColor(R.color.main_back_ground_color);

</pre><pre code_snippet_id="426151" snippet_file_name="blog_20140714_8_8787972" name="code" class="html"><TextView android:id="@+id/txt"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="@string/hello"
    android:textColor="@color/red"
    />

参阅了颜色的代码 

统计下android:的类型，方便下次查阅

 

<TextView android:id="@+id/txt"

    android:layout_width=""
    android:layout_height=""
    android:layout_weight=""
    android:layout_gravity=""
    android:layout_margin=""
    android:layout_marginLeft=""
    android:layout_marginTop=""
    android:layout_marginRight=""
    android:layout_marginBottom=""
    android:layout_marginStart=""
    android:layout_marginEnd=""
    android:lineSpacingMultiplier=""
    android:fontFamily=""
    android:textColorLink=""
    android:cursorVisible=""
    android:maxLines=""
    android:maxHeight=""
    android:lines=""
    android:height=""
    android:minLines=""
    android:minHeight=""
    android:maxEms=""
    android:maxWidth=""
    android:ems=""
    android:width=""
    android:minEms=""
    android:minWidth=""
    android:gravity=""
    android:scrollHorizontally=""
    android:password=""
    android:singleLine=""
    android:enabled=""
    android:selectAllOnFocus=""
    android:includeFontPadding=""
    android:maxLength=""
    android:shadowColor=""
    android:shadowDx=""
    android:shadowDy=""
    android:shadowRadius=""
    android:autoLink=""
    android:linksClickable=""
    android:numeric=""
    android:digits=""
    android:phoneNumber=""
    android:inputMethod=""
android:capitalize
android:autoText
android:editable
android:freezesText
android:ellipsize
android:drawableTop
android:drawableBottom
android:drawableRight
android:drawableStart
android:drawableEnd
android:drawablePadding
android:lineSpacingExtra
android:lineSpacingMultiplier
android:marqueeRepeatlimit
android:inputType
android:imeOptions
android:privateImeOptions
android:imeActionLabel
android:imeActionId
android:editorExtras
android:textSelectHandleLeft
android:textSelectHandleRight
android:textSelectHandle
android:textEditPasteWindowLayout
android:textEditNoPasteWindowLayout
android:textEditSuggestionItemLayout
android:textCursorDrawable
android:textIsSelectable
android:textAllCaps
android:id
android:tag
android:scrollX
android:scrollY
android:background
android:padding
android:paddingLeft
android:paddingTop
android:paddingRight
android:paddingBottom
android:paddingStart
android:paddingEnd
android:focusableInTouchMode
android:visibility
android:fitsSystemWindows
android:scrollbarStyle
android:isScrollContainer
android:fadeScrollbars
android:scrollbarFadeDuration
android:scrollbarDefaultDelayBeforeFade
android:scrollbarSize
android:scrollbarThumbHorizontal
android:scrollbarThumbVertical
android:scrollbarThumbVertical
android:scrollbarTrackHorizontal
android:scrollbarTrackVertical
android:scrollbarAlwaysDrawHorizontalTrack
android:scrollbarAlwaysDrawVerticalTrack
android:fadingEdge
android:requiresFadingEdge
android:fadingEdgeLength
android:nextFocusLeft
android:nextFocusRight
android:nextFocusUp
android:nextFocusDown
android:newxtFocusForward
android:clickable
android:longClickable
android:saveEnabled
android:filterTouchesWhenObscured
android:drawingCacheQuality
android:keepScreenOn
android:duplicateParentState
android:minHeight
android:minWidth
android:soundEffectsEnable
android:hapticFeedbackEnabled
android:contentDescription
android:onClick
android:overScrollMode
android:alpha
android:translationX
android:translationY
android:transformPivotX
android:transformPivotY
android:rotation
android:rotationX
android:rotationY
android:scaleX
android:scaleY
android:verticalScrollbarPosition
android:layerType
android:layoutDirection
android:textDirection
android:textAlignment
android:importantForAccessibility
android:accessibilityLiveRegion
android:lableFor
android:bufferType
android:text
android:hint
android:textColor
android:textColorHighlight
android:textColorHint
android:textAppearance
android:textSize
android:textScaleX
android:typeface

<pre name="code" class="html">android:textStyle

</pre><pre code_snippet_id="426151" snippet_file_name="blog_20140714_8_7880589" name="code" class="html">

    />

3.定义尺寸XML

<resources>
	<dimen name="mysize_in_pixels">1px</dimen>>
	<dimen name="mysize_in_dp">5dp</dimen>
	<dimen name="medium_size">100sp</dimen>
</resources>

px：像素

in：英寸

mm：毫米

pt：磅

dp：与密度无关的像素，基于160dpi（每英寸的像素数）屏幕（尺寸适应屏幕密度）

sp：与比例无关的像素（这种尺寸支持用户调整大小，适合在字体中使用）

float dimen=activity.getResources().getDimension(R.dimen.mysize_in_pixels);

<TextView android:textSize="@dimen/medium_size"
/>

4.图像资源

在xml中布局

<Button
            android:background="@drable/sample_image"
/>

或者在java中获得

	BitmapDrawable d=activity.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.sample_image);
		button.setBackgroundDrawable(d);
		button.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.sample_image);

注：.png图片可拉伸

5.获取XML

Resources res=activity.getResources();
XmlResourceParser xpp=res.getXml(R.xml.test);

6.使用原始资源

	String getStringFromRawFile(Activity activity)throws IOException
	{
		Resources r=activity.getResources();
		InputStream is=r.openRawResourceFd(R.raw.test);
		String myText=convertStreamToString(is);
		is.close();
		return myText;
	}
	String convertStreamToString(InputStream is)throws IOException
	{
		ByteArrayOutputStream baos=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		int i=is.read();
		while(i!=-1){
			baos.write(i);
			i=is.read();
		}
		return baos.toString();
	}

7.使用assets

assets和/res同样级别，未包含在/res子目录中。/assets中的文件不会在R.java中生成ID，必须指定以/assets开头的文件路径才能读取，使用AssetManager来访问

String getStringFromAssetFile(Activity activity)
	{
		AssetManager am=activity.getAssets();
		InputStream is=am.open("test.txt");
		String s=convertStreamToString(is);
		is.close();
		return s;
	}