最简单的基于librtmp的示例：发布（FLV通过RTMP发布）

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最简单的基于libRTMP的示例系列文章列表：

最简单的基于librtmp的示例：接收（RTMP保存为FLV）

最简单的基于librtmp的示例：发布（FLV通过RTMP发布）

最简单的基于librtmp的示例：发布H.264（H.264通过RTMP发布）

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本文记录一个基于libRTMP的发布流媒体的程序：Simplest libRTMP Send FLV。该程序可以将本地FLV文件发布到RTMP流媒体服务器。是最简单的基于libRTMP的流媒体发布示例。

 

流程图

使用librtmp发布RTMP流的可以使用两种API：RTMP_SendPacket()和RTMP_Write()。使用RTMP_SendPacket()发布流的时候的函数执行流程图如下图所示。使用RTMP_Write()发布流的时候的函数执行流程图相差不大。

 

流程图中关键函数的作用如下所列：

InitSockets()：初始化Socket
RTMP_Alloc()：为结构体“RTMP”分配内存。
RTMP_Init()：初始化结构体“RTMP”中的成员变量。
RTMP_SetupURL()：设置输入的RTMP连接的URL。
RTMP_EnableWrite()：发布流的时候必须要使用。如果不使用则代表接收流。
RTMP_Connect()：建立RTMP连接，创建一个RTMP协议规范中的NetConnection。
RTMP_ConnectStream()：创建一个RTMP协议规范中的NetStream。
Delay：发布流过程中的延时，保证按正常播放速度发送数据。
RTMP_SendPacket()：发送一个RTMP数据RTMPPacket。
RTMP_Close()：关闭RTMP连接。
RTMP_Free()：释放结构体“RTMP”。
CleanupSockets()：关闭Socket。
 

源代码

源代码中包含了使用两种API函数RTMP_SendPacket()和RTMP_Write()发布流媒体的源代码，如下所示。

[cpp]  view plain copy

1. /** 
2.  * Simplest Librtmp Send FLV 
3.  * 
4.  * 雷霄骅，张晖 
5.  * leixiaohua1020@126.com 
6.  * zhanghuicuc@gmail.com 
7.  * 中国传媒大学/数字电视技术 
8.  * Communication University of China / Digital TV Technology 
9.  * http://blog.csdn.net/leixiaohua1020 
10.  * 
11.  * 本程序用于将FLV格式的视音频文件使用RTMP推送至RTMP流媒体服务器。 
12.  * This program can send local flv file to net server as a rtmp live stream. 
13.  */  
14.    
15. #include <stdio.h>  
16. #include <stdlib.h>  
17. #include <string.h>  
18. #include <stdint.h>  
19. #ifndef WIN32  
20. #include <unistd.h>  
21. #endif  
22.    
23.    
24. #include "librtmp/rtmp_sys.h"  
25. #include "librtmp/log.h"  
26.    
27. #define HTON16(x)  ((x>>8&0xff)|(x<<8&0xff00))  
28. #define HTON24(x)  ((x>>16&0xff)|(x<<16&0xff0000)|(x&0xff00))  
29. #define HTON32(x)  ((x>>24&0xff)|(x>>8&0xff00)|\  
30.          (x<<8&0xff0000)|(x<<24&0xff000000))  
31. #define HTONTIME(x) ((x>>16&0xff)|(x<<16&0xff0000)|(x&0xff00)|(x&0xff000000))  
32.    
33. /*read 1 byte*/  
34. int ReadU8(uint32_t *u8,FILE*fp){  
35.          if(fread(u8,1,1,fp)!=1)  
36.                    return 0;  
37.          return 1;  
38. }  
39. /*read 2 byte*/  
40. int ReadU16(uint32_t *u16,FILE*fp){  
41.          if(fread(u16,2,1,fp)!=1)  
42.                    return 0;  
43.          *u16=HTON16(*u16);  
44.          return 1;  
45. }  
46. /*read 3 byte*/  
47. int ReadU24(uint32_t *u24,FILE*fp){  
48.          if(fread(u24,3,1,fp)!=1)  
49.                    return 0;  
50.          *u24=HTON24(*u24);  
51.          return 1;  
52. }  
53. /*read 4 byte*/  
54. int ReadU32(uint32_t *u32,FILE*fp){  
55.          if(fread(u32,4,1,fp)!=1)  
56.                    return 0;  
57.          *u32=HTON32(*u32);  
58.          return 1;  
59. }  
60. /*read 1 byte,and loopback 1 byte at once*/  
61. int PeekU8(uint32_t *u8,FILE*fp){  
62.          if(fread(u8,1,1,fp)!=1)  
63.                    return 0;  
64.          fseek(fp,-1,SEEK_CUR);  
65.          return 1;  
66. }  
67. /*read 4 byte and convert to time format*/  
68. int ReadTime(uint32_t *utime,FILE*fp){  
69.          if(fread(utime,4,1,fp)!=1)  
70.                    return 0;  
71.          *utime=HTONTIME(*utime);  
72.          return 1;  
73. }  
74.    
75. int InitSockets()  
76. {  
77.          WORD version;  
78.          WSADATA wsaData;  
79.          version=MAKEWORD(2,2);  
80.          return (WSAStartup(version, &wsaData) == 0);  
81. }  
82.    
83. void CleanupSockets()  
84. {  
85.          WSACleanup();  
86. }  
87.    
88. //Publish using RTMP_SendPacket()  
89. int publish_using_packet(){  
90.          RTMP *rtmp=NULL;                             
91.          RTMPPacket *packet=NULL;  
92.          uint32_t start_time=0;  
93.          uint32_t now_time=0;  
94.          //the timestamp of the previous frame  
95.          long pre_frame_time=0;  
96.          long lasttime=0;  
97.          int bNextIsKey=1;  
98.          uint32_t preTagsize=0;  
99.           
100.          //packet attributes  
101.          uint32_t type=0;                          
102.          uint32_t datalength=0;             
103.          uint32_t timestamp=0;             
104.          uint32_t streamid=0;                          
105.    
106.          FILE*fp=NULL;  
107.          fp=fopen("cuc_ieschool.flv","rb");  
108.          if (!fp){  
109.                    RTMP_LogPrintf("Open File Error.\n");  
110.                    CleanupSockets();  
111.                    return -1;  
112.          }  
113.    
114.          /* set log level */  
115.          //RTMP_LogLevel loglvl=RTMP_LOGDEBUG;  
116.          //RTMP_LogSetLevel(loglvl);  
117.                     
118.          if (!InitSockets()){  
119.                    RTMP_LogPrintf("Init Socket Err\n");  
120.                    return -1;  
121.          }  
122.    
123.          rtmp=RTMP_Alloc();  
124.          RTMP_Init(rtmp);  
125.          //set connection timeout,default 30s  
126.          rtmp->Link.timeout=5;                        
127.          if(!RTMP_SetupURL(rtmp,"rtmp://localhost/publishlive/livestream"))  
128.          {  
129.                    RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGERROR,"SetupURL Err\n");  
130.                    RTMP_Free(rtmp);  
131.                    CleanupSockets();  
132.                    return -1;  
133.          }  
134.           
135.          //if unable,the AMF command would be 'play' instead of 'publish'  
136.          RTMP_EnableWrite(rtmp);       
137.           
138.          if (!RTMP_Connect(rtmp,NULL)){  
139.                    RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGERROR,"Connect Err\n");  
140.                    RTMP_Free(rtmp);  
141.                    CleanupSockets();  
142.                    return -1;  
143.          }  
144.           
145.          if (!RTMP_ConnectStream(rtmp,0)){  
146.                    RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGERROR,"ConnectStream Err\n");  
147.                    RTMP_Close(rtmp);  
148.                    RTMP_Free(rtmp);  
149.                    CleanupSockets();  
150.                    return -1;  
151.          }  
152.    
153.          packet=(RTMPPacket*)malloc(sizeof(RTMPPacket));  
154.          RTMPPacket_Alloc(packet,1024*64);  
155.          RTMPPacket_Reset(packet);  
156.    
157.          packet->m_hasAbsTimestamp = 0;          
158.          packet->m_nChannel = 0x04;  
159.          packet->m_nInfoField2 = rtmp->m_stream_id;  
160.    
161.          RTMP_LogPrintf("Start to send data ...\n");  
162.           
163.          //jump over FLV Header  
164.          fseek(fp,9,SEEK_SET);       
165.          //jump over previousTagSizen  
166.          fseek(fp,4,SEEK_CUR);     
167.          start_time=RTMP_GetTime();  
168.          while(1)  
169.          {  
170.                    if((((now_time=RTMP_GetTime())-start_time)  
171.                               <(pre_frame_time)) && bNextIsKey){          
172.                             //wait for 1 sec if the send process is too fast  
173.                             //this mechanism is not very good,need some improvement  
174.                             if(pre_frame_time>lasttime){  
175.                                      RTMP_LogPrintf("TimeStamp:%8lu ms\n",pre_frame_time);  
176.                                      lasttime=pre_frame_time;  
177.                             }  
178.                             Sleep(1000);  
179.                             continue;  
180.                    }  
181.                     
182.                    //not quite the same as FLV spec  
183.                    if(!ReadU8(&type,fp))       
184.                             break;  
185.                    if(!ReadU24(&datalength,fp))  
186.                             break;  
187.                    if(!ReadTime(×tamp,fp))  
188.                             break;  
189.                    if(!ReadU24(&streamid,fp))  
190.                             break;  
191.    
192.                    if (type!=0x08&&type!=0x09){  
193.                             //jump over non_audio and non_video frame，  
194.                             //jump over next previousTagSizen at the same time  
195.                             fseek(fp,datalength+4,SEEK_CUR);  
196.                             continue;  
197.                    }  
198.                     
199.                    if(fread(packet->m_body,1,datalength,fp)!=datalength)  
200.                             break;  
201.    
202.                    packet->m_headerType = RTMP_PACKET_SIZE_LARGE;  
203.                    packet->m_nTimeStamp = timestamp;  
204.                    packet->m_packetType = type;  
205.                    packet->m_nBodySize  = datalength;  
206.                    pre_frame_time=timestamp;  
207.    
208.                    if (!RTMP_IsConnected(rtmp)){  
209.                             RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGERROR,"rtmp is not connect\n");  
210.                             break;  
211.                    }  
212.                    if (!RTMP_SendPacket(rtmp,packet,0)){  
213.                             RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGERROR,"Send Error\n");  
214.                             break;  
215.                    }  
216.    
217.                    if(!ReadU32(&preTagsize,fp))  
218.                             break;  
219.                              
220.                    if(!PeekU8(&type,fp))  
221.                             break;  
222.                    if(type==0x09){  
223.                             if(fseek(fp,11,SEEK_CUR)!=0)  
224.                                      break;  
225.                             if(!PeekU8(&type,fp)){  
226.                                      break;  
227.                             }  
228.                             if(type==0x17)  
229.                                      bNextIsKey=1;  
230.                             else  
231.                                      bNextIsKey=0;  
232.    
233.                             fseek(fp,-11,SEEK_CUR);  
234.                    }  
235.          }                 
236.    
237.          RTMP_LogPrintf("\nSend Data Over\n");  
238.           
239.          if(fp)  
240.                    fclose(fp);  
241.    
242.          if (rtmp!=NULL){  
243.                    RTMP_Close(rtmp);          
244.                    RTMP_Free(rtmp);   
245.                    rtmp=NULL;  
246.          }  
247.          if (packet!=NULL){  
248.                    RTMPPacket_Free(packet);      
249.                    free(packet);  
250.                    packet=NULL;  
251.          }  
252.    
253.          CleanupSockets();  
254.          return 0;  
255. }  
256.    
257. //Publish using RTMP_Write()  
258. int publish_using_write(){  
259.          uint32_t start_time=0;  
260.          uint32_t now_time=0;  
261.          uint32_t pre_frame_time=0;  
262.          uint32_t lasttime=0;  
263.          int bNextIsKey=0;  
264.          char* pFileBuf=NULL;  
265.    
266.          //read from tag header  
267.          uint32_t type=0;  
268.          uint32_t datalength=0;  
269.          uint32_t timestamp=0;  
270.    
271.          RTMP *rtmp=NULL;                             
272.           
273.          FILE*fp=NULL;  
274.          fp=fopen("cuc_ieschool.flv","rb");  
275.          if (!fp){  
276.                    RTMP_LogPrintf("Open File Error.\n");  
277.                    CleanupSockets();  
278.                    return -1;  
279.          }  
280.    
281.          /* set log level */  
282.          //RTMP_LogLevel loglvl=RTMP_LOGDEBUG;  
283.          //RTMP_LogSetLevel(loglvl);  
284.                     
285.          if (!InitSockets()){  
286.                   RTMP_LogPrintf("Init Socket Err\n");  
287.                    return -1;  
288.          }  
289.    
290.          rtmp=RTMP_Alloc();  
291.          RTMP_Init(rtmp);  
292.          //set connection timeout,default 30s  
293.          rtmp->Link.timeout=5;                        
294.          if(!RTMP_SetupURL(rtmp,"rtmp://localhost/publishlive/livestream"))  
295.          {  
296.                    RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGERROR,"SetupURL Err\n");  
297.                    RTMP_Free(rtmp);  
298.                    CleanupSockets();  
299.                    return -1;  
300.          }  
301.    
302.          RTMP_EnableWrite(rtmp);  
303.          //1hour  
304.          RTMP_SetBufferMS(rtmp, 3600*1000);           
305.          if (!RTMP_Connect(rtmp,NULL)){  
306.                    RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGERROR,"Connect Err\n");  
307.                    RTMP_Free(rtmp);  
308.                    CleanupSockets();  
309.                    return -1;  
310.          }  
311.           
312.          if (!RTMP_ConnectStream(rtmp,0)){  
313.                    RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGERROR,"ConnectStream Err\n");  
314.                    RTMP_Close(rtmp);  
315.                    RTMP_Free(rtmp);  
316.                    CleanupSockets();  
317.                    return -1;  
318.          }  
319.    
320.          printf("Start to send data ...\n");  
321.           
322.          //jump over FLV Header  
323.          fseek(fp,9,SEEK_SET);       
324.          //jump over previousTagSizen  
325.          fseek(fp,4,SEEK_CUR);     
326.          start_time=RTMP_GetTime();  
327.          while(1)  
328.          {  
329.                    if((((now_time=RTMP_GetTime())-start_time)  
330.                               <(pre_frame_time)) && bNextIsKey){          
331.                             //wait for 1 sec if the send process is too fast  
332.                             //this mechanism is not very good,need some improvement  
333.                             if(pre_frame_time>lasttime){  
334.                                      RTMP_LogPrintf("TimeStamp:%8lu ms\n",pre_frame_time);  
335.                                      lasttime=pre_frame_time;  
336.                             }  
337.                             Sleep(1000);  
338.                             continue;  
339.                    }  
340.                     
341.                    //jump over type  
342.                    fseek(fp,1,SEEK_CUR);     
343.                    if(!ReadU24(&datalength,fp))  
344.                             break;  
345.                    if(!ReadTime(×tamp,fp))  
346.                             break;  
347.                    //jump back  
348.                    fseek(fp,-8,SEEK_CUR);    
349.                     
350.                    pFileBuf=(char*)malloc(11+datalength+4);  
351.                    memset(pFileBuf,0,11+datalength+4);  
352.                    if(fread(pFileBuf,1,11+datalength+4,fp)!=(11+datalength+4))  
353.                             break;  
354.                     
355.                    pre_frame_time=timestamp;  
356.                     
357.                    if (!RTMP_IsConnected(rtmp)){  
358.                             RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGERROR,"rtmp is not connect\n");  
359.                             break;  
360.                    }  
361.                    if (!RTMP_Write(rtmp,pFileBuf,11+datalength+4)){  
362.                             RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGERROR,"Rtmp Write Error\n");  
363.                             break;  
364.                    }  
365.                     
366.                    free(pFileBuf);  
367.                    pFileBuf=NULL;  
368.    
369.                    if(!PeekU8(&type,fp))  
370.                             break;  
371.                    if(type==0x09){  
372.                             if(fseek(fp,11,SEEK_CUR)!=0)  
373.                                      break;  
374.                             if(!PeekU8(&type,fp)){  
375.                                      break;  
376.                             }  
377.                             if(type==0x17)  
378.                                      bNextIsKey=1;  
379.                             else  
380.                                      bNextIsKey=0;  
381.                             fseek(fp,-11,SEEK_CUR);  
382.                    }  
383.          }  
384.    
385.          RTMP_LogPrintf("\nSend Data Over\n");  
386.           
387.          if(fp)  
388.                    fclose(fp);  
389.    
390.          if (rtmp!=NULL){  
391.                    RTMP_Close(rtmp);          
392.                    RTMP_Free(rtmp);  
393.                    rtmp=NULL;  
394.          }  
395.    
396.          if(pFileBuf){  
397.                    free(pFileBuf);  
398.                    pFileBuf=NULL;  
399.          }  
400.    
401.          CleanupSockets();  
402.          return 0;  
403. }  
404.    
405. int main(int argc, char* argv[]){  
406.          //2 Methods:  
407.          publish_using_packet();  
408.          //publish_using_write();  
409.          return 0;  
410. }  

运行结果

程序运行后，会将“cuc_ieschool.flv”文件以直播流的形式发布到“rtmp://localhost/publishlive/livestream”的URL。修改文件名称和RTMP的URL可以实现将任意flv文件发布到任意RTMP的URL。

下载 

Simplest LibRTMP Example
 

项目主页

SourceForge：https://sourceforge.net/projects/simplestlibrtmpexample/

Github：https://github.com/leixiaohua1020/simplest_librtmp_example

开源中国：http://git.oschina.net/leixiaohua1020/simplest_librtmp_example

CSDN下载： http://download.csdn.net/detail/leixiaohua1020/8291757
 
本工程包含了LibRTMP的使用示例，包含如下子工程：
simplest_librtmp_receive: 接收RTMP流媒体并在本地保存成FLV格式的文件。
simplest_librtmp_send_flv: 将FLV格式的视音频文件使用RTMP推送至RTMP流媒体服务器。
simplest_librtmp_send264: 将内存中的H.264数据推送至RTMP流媒体服务器。