《剑指offer—面试题29：顺时针打印矩阵》

《剑指offer—面试题29：顺时针打印矩阵》
注明：仅个人学习笔记
参考文献：
【1】https://blog.csdn.net/lilianforever/article/details/51848885
【2】http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/for-offer/question-twenty.html

import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
*
*
* 顺时针打印矩阵
*
*/
public class PrintMatrix29
{
public static ArrayList printMatrix(int[][] matrix)
{

    ArrayList<Integer> result = new ArrayList<Integer>();// 用于保存遍历序列

    if (matrix == null)
    {
        return result;
    }

    int rows = matrix.length;
    int cols = 0;
    if (rows > 0)
    {
        cols = matrix[0].length;
    } else
    {
        return result;
    }

    int start = 0;
    while (rows > start * 2 && cols > start * 2)
    {

        printMatrixInCircle(matrix, rows, cols, start, result);

        ++start;
    }

    return result;

}

private static void printMatrixInCircle(int[][] matrix, int rows, int cols, int start, ArrayList<Integer> result)
{
    int endX = cols - 1 - start;
    int endY = rows - 1 - start;

    // 首先，第一行是必存在的，所以直接，从左往右打印第一行
    for (int i = start; i <= endX; i++)
    {
        int number = matrix[start][i];
        result.add(number);
        System.out.println(number);
    }

    // 接着，从上往下打印一列，这一列不是一定存在的，存在的前提是，终止行号endY必须大于起始行号，也就是说至少得有两行，才存在这一列的打印
    if (endY > start)
    {
        for (int i = start + 1; i <= endY; i++)
        {
            int number = matrix[i][endX];
            result.add(number);
            System.out.println(number);
        }
    }

    // 然后，从右往左打印一行，这一行也不是一定存在的，存在的前提是，至少得有两行两列，也就是说终止行号endY必须大于起始行号，终止列号endY必须大于起始列号endX
    if (endY > start && endX > start)
    {
        for (int i = endX - 1; i >= start; i--)
        {
            int number = matrix[endY][i];
            result.add(number);
            System.out.println(number);
        }
    }

    // 最后，从上往下打印一列，这一列同样不是一定存在的，存在的前提是，至少得有三行两列，也就是时候终止行号endY必须大于其实行号2行,并且也得多于两列
    if (endX > start && endY > start - 1)
    {
        for (int i = endY - 1; i >= start + 1; i--)
        {
            int number = matrix[i][start];
            result.add(number);
            System.out.println(number);
        }
    }
}

public static void main(String[] args)
{
    int[][] numbers = { { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }, { 16, 17, 18, 19, 6 }, { 15, 24, 25, 20, 7 }, { 14, 23, 22, 21, 8 },
            { 13, 12, 11, 10, 9 }, };
    printMatrix(numbers);

    System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
    System.out.println();
    int[][] numbers2 = { { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 }, { 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 9 },
            { 21, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 29, 10 }, { 20, 35, 34, 33, 32, 31, 30, 11 },
            { 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12 }, };
    printMatrix(numbers2);

    System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println();
    int[][] numbers3 = { { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 } };
    printMatrix(numbers3);

    System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println();
    int[][] numbers4 = { { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 }, { 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9 } };
    printMatrix(numbers4);

    System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println();

    System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
    System.out.println();
    int[][] numbers5 = { { 1 }, { 2 }, { 3 }, { 4 }, { 5 }, { 6 }, { 7 }, { 8 } };
    printMatrix(numbers5);

    System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println();
    int[][] numbers6 = { { 0, 1 }, { 15, 2 }, { 14, 3 }, { 13, 4 }, { 12, 5 }, { 11, 6 }, { 10, 7 }, { 9, 8 } };
    printMatrix(numbers6);

    System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println();
    int[][] numbers7 = { { 1, 2 }, { 4, 3 } };
    printMatrix(numbers7);

    System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println();
    int[][] numbers8 = { { 1 } };
    printMatrix(numbers8);

    System.out.println("-------------------0个元素的数组-----------------------");
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println();
    // 0个元素的数组
    printMatrix(new int[][] { {} });

    System.out.println("-------------------空数组-----------------------");
    // 空数组
    printMatrix(null);
}

}