揭密springboot自动装配（1）--ImportSelector

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-07 18:59:39 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-07 18:59:39 发布

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分类专栏： springBoot 文章标签： spring spring boot java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u011320740/article/details/105094866

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揭密springboot自动装配

在讲这个之前，我们先来个例子热热身

首先我们先来了解下ImportSelector这个接口的应用，ImportSelector接口是spring中导入外部配置的核心接口，在SpringBoot的自动化配置和@EnableXXX(功能性注解)都有它的存在，具体怎么用下面走个例子看看

1.实现下ImportSelector

public class UserImportSelector implements ImportSelector {
    @Override
    public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
        return new String[]{UserA.class.getName()};
    }
}

这里我们看到有个selectImports方法，我们需要实现它，返回内容我们可以看到就是个数组，把需要装配进spring容器中的bean的className放进返回数组即可

2.接着我们在启动类中添加@Import(UserImportSelector.class)

@SpringBootApplication
@Import(UserImportSelector.class)
public class DemoApplication {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    ConfigurableApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    Object userA = run.getBeanFactory().getBean(UserA.class);
    System.out.println(userA.toString());
    Object userB = run.getBeanFactory().getBean(UserB.class);
    System.out.println(userB.toString());


  }

}

这里UserB我是没有放在selectImports中的，目的是做下对比

3.跑下我们的程序看看结果

这里你会发现UserA可以被拿到，证明已经交给spring容器中可以拿到，而UserB我没有任何处理，是拿不到的这个毫无疑问到这里肯定有人会问，直接@Import（UserA.class）不就行了，搞那么复杂，嗯，这个没错，甚至我可以跑给你们看下

@SpringBootApplication
@Import({UserImportSelector.class,UserB.class})
public class DemoApplication {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    ConfigurableApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    Object userA = run.getBeanFactory().getBean(UserA.class);
    System.out.println(userA.toString());
    Object userB = run.getBeanFactory().getBean(UserB.class);
    System.out.println(userB.toString());
  }

}

那为什么搞那么复杂？

ImportSelector主要是实现些比较复杂有逻辑性的bean装载，我们可以在selectImports做下逻辑判断，比如@ComponentScan像这个扫描器，我们自己来写一个和它差不多的东西玩玩，起名@UserScan

1.创建注解@UserScan，引用@Import(UserImportSelector.class)

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Documented
@Import(UserImportSelector.class)
public @interface UserScan {
    @AliasFor("basePackages")
    String[] value() default {};

    @AliasFor("value")
    String[] basePackages() default {};
}

2.实现UserImportSelector

public class UserImportSelector implements ImportSelector {
    @Override
    public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
        Map<String, Object> annotationAttributes = annotationMetadata.getAnnotationAttributes(UserScan.class.getName());
        if(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(annotationAttributes))return new String[0];
        String[] basePackages = (String[]) annotationAttributes.get("basePackages");
        ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider scanner = new ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider(false);
        scanner.addIncludeFilter(new AssignableTypeFilter(Object.class));//这里实现包含,相当@ComponentScan  includeFilters
        //scanner.addExcludeFilter(new AssignableTypeFilter(Object.class));//这里可以实现排除，相当@ComponentScan  excludeFilters
        Set<String> classes = new HashSet<>();
        for (String basePackage : basePackages) {
            Set<BeanDefinition> candidateComponents = scanner.findCandidateComponents(basePackage);
            candidateComponents.forEach(e-> {
                classes.add(e.getBeanClassName());
            });
        }
        return classes.toArray(new String[classes.size()]);
        //return new String[]{UserA.class.getName()};
    }
}

3.使用@UserScan("com.example.demo.service")，表示扫描包下的类

@SpringBootApplication
@UserScan("com.example.demo.service")
public class DemoApplication {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    ConfigurableApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    Object userA = run.getBeanFactory().getBean(UserA.class);
    System.out.println(userA.toString());
    Object userB = run.getBeanFactory().getBean(UserB.class);
    System.out.println(userB.toString());
  }
}

4.我们跑起来看看结果