java IO流

File操作文件

public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            //创建File对象
            // 绝对路径   相对路径
           String path = "D:/4072/1/";
           String fileName = "1.txt";
           File file = new File(path);

           if(!file.exists()&&!file.isDirectory())
           {
               file.mkdirs();//创建多级
               System.out.println("进来创建文件夹");
           }
            File file1 = new File(path,fileName);
           if(!file1.exists()&&!file1.isFile())
           {
               System.out.println("进来创建文件....");
               file1.createNewFile();
           }

//           System.out.println("判断文件或目录是否存在："+file.exists());
//           System.out.println("判断是否是文件："+file.isFile());
//           System.out.println("判断是否是文件夹："+file.isDirectory());
//           System.out.println("相对路径："+file.getPath());
//           System.out.println("绝对路径："+file.getAbsolutePath());
//           System.out.println("获得文件或目录名称："+file.getName());
//           System.out.println("获得文件字节数："+file.length());
//           System.out.println("删除文件或目录："+file.delete());

        } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

流的使用和分类

字节流：byte

​ 输入流：input（读取）

​ InputStream->FileInputStream(路径|对象)

​ .available()获得文件字节数

​ .read() || .read(字节数组)

​ .close();//关闭流 释放资源

public static void main(String[] args) {
        InputStream is = null;
        try {
            is = new FileInputStream("D:\\4072\\1/1.txt");
            //定义字节数组  用于接收数据
            byte b[] = new byte[is.available()];
            is.read(b);//读取内容方入数组
            //将字节数组转换为字符串
            String str = new String(b,"GBK");
            System.out.println(str);
        } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                is.close();//释放资源
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

​ 输出流：output（写入）

​ OutputStream->FileOutputStream(“路径||File对象”,boolean 是否追加内容)

​ os.write(字节数组) 写入内容 字符串通过getBytes()转为字节数组

​ os.close();//释放资源

​ os.flush()：强制把缓冲区的数据写到输出流中

public static void main(String[] args) {
        OutputStream os = null;
        try {
             os = new FileOutputStream("D:\\4072\\1/1.txt"
                     ,true);
             String msg = "张三";
             //将字符串转换为字节数组  并调用write方法进行写入
             os.write(msg.getBytes());
             System.out.println("写入成功。。。。");
        } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                os.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

复制文件内容代码示例:

public static void main(String[] args) {
        InputStream is = null; //读
        OutputStream os = null; //写
        try {
            is = new FileInputStream("D:\\4072\\1/1.txt");
            os = new FileOutputStream("D:\\4072\\1/2.txt");
            int b = -1;
            while((b = is.read())!=-1){
                os.write(b);
            }
            System.out.println("复制成功！！！！");
        } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                //释放资源
                if(is!=null) is.close();
                if(os!=null) os.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }
    }

字符流：char

输入流（读取）

Reader->InputStreamReader(字节流InputStream,编码)->FileReader(路径||File对象)

乱码问题：reader = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("路径"), "GBK");

import java.io.*;

/**
 * @Author: wzy
 * @Date: 2024/9/10 9:22
 * @Description: 读取 InputStreamReader  输入流  字符流
 */
public class InputReaderTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Reader->InputStreamReader->FileReader
        Reader reader = null;//字符流

        try {
            reader = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("D:\\4072\\1\\1.txt"), "GBK");

            char c[] = new char[100];
            reader.read(c);
            //将数组转换为字符串
            String msg = new String(c);
            System.out.println(msg);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                reader.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }
}

缓冲区：BufferedReader(字符流Reader)

import java.io.*;

/**
 * @Author: wzy
 * @Date: 2024/9/10 9:22
 * @Description: 读取 BufferedReader(字符流) 缓冲区
 */
public class BufferedReaderTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Reader->InputStreamReader->FileReader
        Reader reader = null;//字符流
        BufferedReader br = null;
        try {
            reader = new FileReader("D:\\4072\\1\\1.txt");
            br = new BufferedReader(reader);
            String msg = null;
            while((msg = br.readLine())!=null){
                System.out.println(msg);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                br.close();
                reader.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }
}

输出流（写入）

Writer->OutputStreamWriter(字节流OutputStream,编码)->FileWriter(路径||File对象,是否追加)

​ write(字符串) 写入方法

​ close() 释放资源

​ flush() 刷新缓冲区

import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Writer;

/**
 * @Author: wzy
 * @Date: 2024/9/10 9:56
 * @Description: 写入 Writer 输出 字符流
 */
public class OutputWriter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Writer->OutputStreamWriter(字节流OutputStream,编码)->FileWriter(路径||File对象,是否追加)
        Writer writer = null;
        try {
            writer = new FileWriter("D:\\4072\\1\\1.txt"
                    ,true);
            //写入
            writer.write("\n123");
            System.out.println("写入成功！！！！");
        } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                writer.close();//释放资源
            } catch (IOException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

缓冲区：BufferedWriter(Writer字符流)

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Writer;

/**
 * @Author: wzy
 * @Date: 2024/9/10 9:56
 * @Description: 写入 BufferedWriter 缓冲区 输出 字符流
 */
public class BufferedWriterTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Writer->OutputStreamWriter(字节流OutputStream,编码)->FileWriter(路径||File对象,是否追加)
        Writer writer = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        try {
            writer = new FileWriter("D:\\4072\\1\\1.txt"
                    ,true);
            //创建缓冲区
            bw = new BufferedWriter(writer);
            //写入信息到缓冲区
            bw.write("数据结构");
            bw.newLine();//换行
            bw.write("软件名词解释");
            bw.newLine();//换行
            bw.write("Linux虚拟机安装vmware");
            //将缓冲区数据刷新到字符流中
            bw.flush();

            System.out.println("写入成功！！！！");
        } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                bw.close();
                writer.close();//释放资源
            } catch (IOException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}