百度地图

用百度地图

发表：2013-05-08 16:08:31

当前很多第三方地图提供商都提供了第三方SDK，我们利用这些SDK就可以方便地在IOS中开发地图应用。国内比较好用的有搜狗、百度以及Google。接下来我们就以百度地图为例，介绍IOS中的第三方地图应用的开发。开发地图应用主要分为两大步骤：获取地理位置信息;将地理位置信息赋给地图。对于获取地理位置信息，IOS SDK已经进行了高度封装，在操作上变得非常容易。下面分别介绍。

一、获取地理位置信息

地理位置信息是电子地图的一种数据信息，主要包括纬度(latitude)以及经度（longitude）。由于现在的智能手机都已经内置了GPS、AGPS，所以这一获取步骤是由手机操作系统完成的，我们需要做的就是获取结果即可。在IOS中，这一步骤由CLLocationManager类完成，该类位于CoreLocation.framewok框架（包）下，所以在使用CLLocationManager类前首先需要导入CoreLocation.framewok框架。

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#import <UIKit/UIKit.h> #import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h> @interface ViewController1 : UIViewController{      CLLocationManager *_locationManage;                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           } @end

在M文件中，直接声明一个CLLocationManager对象即可。

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//载入位置信息 _locationManage=[[CLLocationManager alloc] init]; _locationManage.delegate =self; _locationManage.desiredAccuracy=kCLLocationAccuracyBest; _locationManage.distanceFilter=1000.0f;

一旦成功启动CLLocationManager后，开发人员可以通过didUpdateToLocation委托方法得到相应的地理位置信息。

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- ( void )locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager      didUpdateToLocation:(CLLocation *)newLocation             fromLocation:(CLLocation *)oldLocation{                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         }

得到了地理位置信息后，我们就可以用这些地理位置信息去定位，获取搜索信息了。

二、应用地理位置信息

获得的地理位置信息是操作系统根据需求，自动返回的（有可能来自于GPS或AGPS、WiFi等），获取过程及果我们不需要关心，只需要关心我们拿到这些数据能够做什么。地理位置信息能够应用于多情场合，最典型的就算地图应用以及地理位置转码了（即将地理位置信息转成容易理解的地址名称）。下面分别介绍。

1、地图定位

接下来我们将会使用第三方的百度地图框架，利用前面获取到的地理位置信息，实现地图定位。百度地图目前只支持Iphone，暂不支持Ipad。这点希望官方迟早完善。下面是详细的部署过程。

1）获取百度开发者应用Key

要调用百度的API，首先你需要成为百度的会员。注册成功并登录后，点击http://developer.baidu.com/map/ios-mobile-apply-key.htm 链接创建您的应用KEY。只有成功获得了开发者应用Key，接下来的实验才能进行（百度目前并不需要审核开发者资料，立即申请立即生效）。

2）下载地图SDK

接下来就可以下载IOS版的百度地图SDK了。

http://developer.baidu.com/map/static/doc/BaiduMapApi_All_iOS_1.2.2.rar

3）在项目中引入SDK

解压百度地图SDK后，将得到inc、libs目录以及mapapi.bundle文件。其中inc存放了SDK可公开的头文件，真正实现的文件存放于libs下的静态库里(.a文件)。其中，inc目录下包含了Release-iphoneos和Release-iphonesimulator目录。顾明思义，前者指的是真实设备，而后者指的就是模拟器。读者可根据实际需要，将相应目录下的libbaidumapapi.a静态库文件拖入当前项目中。然后再拖入inc目录以及mapapi.bundle文件。完成上述操作后，还需要为项目额外添加一个链接标记（Other Linker Flags）。步骤如下。

选中项目，然后切换到"build settings"选项，依次找到inking->Other Linker flags配置项（可搜索），然后添加-all_load配置项。如下图所示（点击可打开）。

完成后，由于百度地图使用到了动画效果，所以还需要添加QuartzCore.framework框架。完成后就可以启动百度地图管理器了。

4）启动百度地图管理器

BMKMapManager类是百度地图的管理器类，只有成功实例化该类，地图才能够成功调用。这里将在AppDelegeate中实例化。

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#import <UIKit/UIKit.h> #import "ViewController1.h" #import "BMapKit.h" @interface AppDelegate : UIResponder <UIApplicationDelegate>{      BMKMapManager *_bmkMapManager; } @property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window; @end

实例化

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- ( BOOL )application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {      self.window = [[[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]] autorelease];      // Override point for customization after application launch.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         _bmkMapManager = [[BMKMapManager alloc]init];      if  (![_bmkMapManager start:@ "你申请的KEY"  generalDelegate:nil]) {          NSLog(@ "密钥不对" );      }      self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];      ViewController1 *_v1Ctrl=[[ViewController1 alloc] init];      self.window.rootViewController=_v1Ctrl;      [_v1Ctrl release];                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];      return  YES; }

5）显示地图

BMKMapView类是一个地图视图类，直接实例化即可获得一个地图。

ViewController1.h

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#import <UIKit/UIKit.h> #import "BMapKit.h" #import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h> @interface ViewController1 : UIViewController{      BMKMapView *_bmkMapView;                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                } @end

ViewController1.m

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- ( void )viewDidLoad {      [super viewDidLoad];      // Do any additional setup after loading the view.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     _bmkMapView=[[BMKMapView alloc] init];      _bmkMapView.frame=CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 480);      [_bmkMapView setMapType:BMKMapTypeSatellite];      //[_bmkMapView setShowsUserLocation:YES];      CLLocationCoordinate2D _location=CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(23.117441, 113.345763);      //设置中心点      [_bmkMapView setCenterCoordinate:_location];      [self.view addSubview:_bmkMapView]; }

如上述代码所示，setShowsUserLocation方法是BMKMapView提供的一个自动获取地理位置信息的方法。我们也可以手动使用CLLocation类进行获取，也可以显式指定（可以在Google地图，或者http://cn.bing.com/maps/取得对应的纬经度）。在实际开发中要灵活应用。关于更多的地图类方法，可以参考百度官方的文档。

http://developer.baidu.com/map/sdkiosdev-2.htm

6）创建Object－C++文件

根据官方的解释，百度的静态库是基于Object-c++创建的，所以我们的项目需要编译方式需要修改为GC++（兼容C），可以在bulid选项中找到配置项，但更简单的方式是在项目中随便创建一个空类文件，然后将.m实现文件后缀名修改为.mm即可。

最终效果如下。

2、地理位置信息转码

我们还可以将得到的地理位置信息直接转换成容易理解的地址信息。IOS SDK本身就提供了CLLocation类，用于转换地理位置信息。同时，百度也提供了一个基于http请求的网址，只需要传递纬度及经度信息，即可得到丰富的地址信息。网址如下。

http://api.map.baidu.com/geocoder?location=纬度,经度&output=json&key=用户Key

支持的数据格式包括Json及XML。