目前开发Android系统录音机模块,首先来看一下Android官方文档中给出的MediaRecorder类的状态图解:
1、使用MediaRecorder录音
MediaRecorder类用来进行媒体采样,包括音频和视频。也就是用来记录音频和视频方法的类,记录的数据一般都是写入到文件里面。因此我们可以通过这个类实现录音和录视频的功能。下面介绍MediaRecorder用来录音的简单方法:
MediaRecorder recorder = new MediaRecorder();
recorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
recorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.THREE_GPP);
recorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);
recorder.setOutputFile(PATH_NAME);
recorder.prepare();
recorder.start(); // Recording is now started
...
recorder.stop();
recorder.reset(); // You can reuse the object by going back to setAudioSource() step
recorder.release(); // Now the object cannot be reused
你的应用可能有注册监听器来监听MediaRecorder录制过程中出现的事件和可能出现的错误的需求,那么,你可以通过设置适当的监听器来完成这个需求(通过调用setOnInfoListener(OnInfoListener)设置事件监听并且调用setOnErrorListener(OnErrorListener)设置错误监听)。为了监听到各自的监听事件,你的应用必须保证MediaRecorder对象被创建在有Looper对象运行的线程中(UI线程已经存在一个默认的Looper对象在运行)。
2、MediaRecorder 存在以下内部类及接口:
//定义音频编码
class MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder
//定义声音资源
class MediaRecorder.AudioSource
//回调接口,当录音出现错误的时候调用
interface MediaRecorder.OnErrorListener
//回调接口,当录音出现错误的时候调用
interface MediaRecorder.OnInfoListener
//定义输出格式
class MediaRecorder.OutputFormat
//定义视频编码
class MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder
//定义视频source
class MediaRecorder.VideoSource
3、常用方法
//获取音频信号源的最高值。
final static int getAudioSourceMax()
//最后调用这个方法采样的时候返回最大振幅的绝对值
int getMaxAmplitude()
//准备recorder 开始捕获和编码数据
void prepare()
//发布与此MediaRecorder对象关联的资源
void release()
//重新启动mediarecorder到空闲状态
void reset()
//设置录制的音频通道数。
void setAudioChannels(int numChannels)
//设置audio的编码格式
void setAudioEncoder(int audio_encoder)
//设置录制的音频编码比特率
void setAudioEncodingBitRate(int bitRate)
//设置录制的音频采样率。
void setAudioSamplingRate(int samplingRate)
//设置用于录制的音源。
void setAudioSource(int audio_source)
//辅助时间的推移视频文件的路径传递。
void setAuxiliaryOutputFile(String path)
void setAuxiliaryOutputFile(FileDescriptor fd)
//在文件描述符传递的辅助时间的推移视频
//设置一个recording的摄像头
void setCamera(Camera c)
//设置视频帧的捕获率
void setCaptureRate(double fps)
//设置记录会话的最大持续时间(毫秒)
void setMaxDuration(int max_duration_ms)
//设置记录会话的最大大小(以字节为单位)
void setMaxFileSize(long max_filesize_bytes)
//注册一个回调被调用发生错误时,同时录制
void setOnErrorListener(MediaRecorder.OnErrorListener l)
//注册要同时记录一个信息事件发生时调用的回调。
void setOnInfoListener(MediaRecorder.OnInfoListener listener)
//设置输出的视频播放的方向提示
void setOrientationHint(int degrees)
//传递要写入的文件的文件描述符
void setOutputFile(FileDescriptor fd)
//设置输出文件的路径
void setOutputFile(String path)
//设置在录制过程中产生的输出文件的格式
void setOutputFormat(int output_format)
//表面设置显示记录媒体(视频)的预览
void setPreviewDisplay(Surface sv)
//从一个记录CamcorderProfile对象的使用设置
void setProfile(CamcorderProfile profile)
//设置视频编码器,用于录制
void setVideoEncoder(int video_encoder)
//设置录制的视频编码比特率
void setVideoEncodingBitRate(int bitRate)
//设置要捕获的视频帧速率
void setVideoFrameRate(int rate)
//设置要捕获的视频的宽度和高度
void setVideoSize(int width, int height)
//开始捕捉和编码数据到setOutputFile(指定的文件)
void setVideoSource(int video_source)
//开始录音
void start()
//停止recording
void stop()
4、样例Demo(录音并播放录音)
/*
* The application needs to have the permission to write to external storage
* if the output file is written to the external storage, and also the
* permission to record audio. These permissions must be set in the
* application's AndroidManifest.xml file, with something like:
*
* <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
* <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
*
*/
package com.android.audiorecordtest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.content.Context;
import android.util.Log;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import java.io.IOException;
public class AudioRecordTest extends Activity
{
private static final String LOG_TAG = "AudioRecordTest";
private static String mFileName = null;
private RecordButton mRecordButton = null;
private MediaRecorder mRecorder = null;
private PlayButton mPlayButton = null;
private MediaPlayer mPlayer = null;
private void onRecord(boolean start) {
if (start) {
startRecording();
} else {
stopRecording();
}
}
private void onPlay(boolean start) {
if (start) {
startPlaying();
} else {
stopPlaying();
}
}
private void startPlaying() {
mPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
try {
mPlayer.setDataSource(mFileName);
mPlayer.prepare();
mPlayer.start();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(LOG_TAG, "prepare() failed");
}
}
private void stopPlaying() {
mPlayer.release();
mPlayer = null;
}
private void startRecording() {
mRecorder = new MediaRecorder();
mRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
mRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.THREE_GPP);
mRecorder.setOutputFile(mFileName);
mRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);
try {
mRecorder.prepare();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(LOG_TAG, "prepare() failed");
}
mRecorder.start();
}
private void stopRecording() {
mRecorder.stop();
mRecorder.release();
mRecorder = null;
}
class RecordButton extends Button {
boolean mStartRecording = true;
OnClickListener clicker = new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
onRecord(mStartRecording);
if (mStartRecording) {
setText("Stop recording");
} else {
setText("Start recording");
}
mStartRecording = !mStartRecording;
}
};
public RecordButton(Context ctx) {
super(ctx);
setText("Start recording");
setOnClickListener(clicker);
}
}
class PlayButton extends Button {
boolean mStartPlaying = true;
OnClickListener clicker = new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
onPlay(mStartPlaying);
if (mStartPlaying) {
setText("Stop playing");
} else {
setText("Start playing");
}
mStartPlaying = !mStartPlaying;
}
};
public PlayButton(Context ctx) {
super(ctx);
setText("Start playing");
setOnClickListener(clicker);
}
}
public AudioRecordTest() {
mFileName = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
mFileName += "/audiorecordtest.3gp";
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle icicle) {
super.onCreate(icicle);
LinearLayout ll = new LinearLayout(this);
mRecordButton = new RecordButton(this);
ll.addView(mRecordButton,
new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
0));
mPlayButton = new PlayButton(this);
ll.addView(mPlayButton,
new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
0));
setContentView(ll);
}
@Override
public void onPause() {
super.onPause();
if (mRecorder != null) {
mRecorder.release();
mRecorder = null;
}
if (mPlayer != null) {
mPlayer.release();
mPlayer = null;
}
}
}