Android12_SDCard

External Storage之SDCard操作：

（一）、引入：Android中提供了特有的两个方法来进行IO操作（openFileInput()和openFileOutput() ），但是毕竟手机内置存储空间很有限，为了更好地存储应用程序的大文件数据，需要读写SD卡上的文件。SD卡大大扩充了手机的存储能力。

（二）、读写SD卡的步骤：

1、先判断手机是否有sd卡；

        调用Environment的getExternalStorageState()方法判断手机是否插上sdcard。

2、获取sdcard的路径；

        调用Environment的getExternalStorageDirectory()方法来获取外部存储器的目录。

3、此外还可以获取SDCard可用磁盘空间的大小（借助StatFs类来实现）；

4、清单文件中设置读写sdcard的权限；

        <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>   在sdcard中创建与删除文件的权限

        <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>   向sdcard写入权限

5、执行读写操作（基本IO流操作）。

（三）、封装SDCard的工具类：SDCardHelper类

public class SDCardHelper {

 private static String TAG = "SDCardHelper";




 /*

        * 判断sdcard是否挂载

        */

 public static boolean isSDCardMounted() {

         return Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(

                         Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED);

 }




 /*

        * 获取sdcard绝对物理路径

        */

 public static String getSDCardPath() {

         if (isSDCardMounted()) {

                 return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();

         } else {

                 return null;

         }

 }


 /*

        * 获取sdcard的全部的空间大小。返回MB字节

        */

 public static long getSDCardSize() {

         if (isSDCardMounted()) {

                 StatFs fs = new StatFs(getSDCardPath());

                 long size = fs.getBlockSize();

                 long count = fs.getBlockCount();

                 return size * count / 1024 / 1024;

         }

         return 0;

 }


 /*

        * 获取sdcard的剩余的可用空间的大小。返回MB字节

        */

 public static long getSDCardFreeSize() {

         if (isSDCardMounted()) {

                 StatFs fs = new StatFs(getSDCardPath());

                 long size = fs.getBlockSize();

                 long count = fs.getAvailableBlocks();

                 return size * count / 1024 / 1024;

         }

         return 0;

 }


 /*

        * 将文件（byte[]）保存进sdcard指定的路径下

        */

 public static boolean saveFileToSDCard(byte[] data, String dir,

                 String filename) {

         BufferedOutputStream bos = null;

         if (isSDCardMounted()) {

                     Log.i(TAG, "==isSDCardMounted==TRUE");

                 File file = new File(getSDCardPath() + File.separator + dir);

                 Log.i(TAG, "==file:" + file.toString() + file.exists());

                 if (!file.exists()) {

                         boolean flags = file.mkdirs();

                         Log.i(TAG, "==创建文件夹:" + flags);

                 }

                 try {

                         bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File(

                                         file, filename)));

                         bos.write(data, 0, data.length);

                         bos.flush();

                         return true;

                 } catch (Exception e) {

                         e.printStackTrace();

                 } finally {

                         try {

                                 bos.close();

                         } catch (IOException e) {

                                 e.printStackTrace();

                         }
                 }

         }

         return false;

 }


 /*

        * 已知文件的路径，从sdcard中获取到该文件，返回byte[]

        */

 public static byte[] loadFileFromSDCard(String filepath) {

         BufferedInputStream bis = null;

         ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null;

         if (isSDCardMounted()) {

                 File file = new File(filepath);

                 if (file.exists()) {

                         try {

                                 baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

                                 bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));

                                 byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 8];

                                 int c = 0;

                                 while ((c = bis.read(buffer)) != -1) {

                                         baos.write(buffer, 0, c);

                                         baos.flush();

                                 }

                                 return baos.toByteArray();

                         } catch (Exception e) {

                                 e.printStackTrace();

                         } finally {

                                 try {

                                         if (bis != null) {

                                                 bis.close();

                                                 baos.close();

                                         }

                                 } catch (IOException e) {

                                         e.printStackTrace();

                                 }

                         }

                 }

         }

         return null;

 }

}

（四）、案例：

1、功能：点击按钮，实现从网络上访问图片，将图片保存进SDCard中。点击另外一按钮，可以获取到刚才保存进SDCard中的图片，将其加载的页面中的ImageView控件中。

2、示例代码: 、示例代码：

public class MainActivity extends Activity {


        private ImageView imageView_main_img;


       private String urlString = "http://t2.baidu.com/it/u=2,1891512358&fm=19&gp=0.jpg";


     @Override


   protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

           super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

           setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

           imageView_main_img = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView_main_img);


   }


   public void clickButton(View view) {


           switch (view.getId()) {


                case R.id.button_main_save:


                   new MyTask(this).execute(urlString);


                      break;


                case R.id.button_main_show:


                   String filepath = SDCardHelper.getSDCardPath() + File.separator


                                       + "mydir" + File.separator + "firstimg.jpg";


                   byte[] data = SDCardHelper.loadFileFromSDCard(filepath);


                   if (data != null) {


                           Bitmap bm = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length);


                           imageView_main_img.setImageBitmap(bm);


                   } else {


                           Toast.makeText(this, "没有该图片！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();


                   }


                      break;


              default:


                      break;


           }


   }


   class MyTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, byte[]> {


           private Context context;

           private ProgressDialog pDialog;

           public MyTask(Context context) {


                   this.context = context;


                   pDialog = new ProgressDialog(context);


                   pDialog.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);


                   pDialog.setMessage("图片加载中...");


           }


             @Override

           protected void onPreExecute() {

                   super.onPreExecute();

                   pDialog.show();


           }



             @Override

           protected byte[] doInBackground(String... params) {


                   BufferedInputStream bis = null;


                   ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();


                   try {


                           URL url = new URL(params[0]);


                           HttpURLConnection httpConn = (HttpURLConnection) url


                                           .openConnection();


                           httpConn.setDoInput(true);


                           httpConn.connect();


                           if (httpConn.getResponseCode() == 200) {


                                   bis = new BufferedInputStream(httpConn.getInputStream());


                                   byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 8];


                                   int c = 0;






                                   while ((c = bis.read(buffer)) != -1) {


                                           baos.write(buffer, 0, c);


                                           baos.flush();


                                   }


                                   return baos.toByteArray();


                           }



                   } catch (Exception e) {


                           e.printStackTrace();

                   }

                      return null;

           }



             @Override

           protected void onPostExecute(byte[] result) {


                   super.onPostExecute(result);


                   if (result == null) {


                           Toast.makeText(context, "图片加载失败！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();


                   } else {


                              // 将字节数组转成Bitmap，然后将bitmap加载的imageview控件中


                              // Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(result, 0,


                              // result.length);


                              // imageView_main_img.setImageBitmap(bitmap);


                           if (SDCardHelper.saveFileToSDCard(result, "mydir",


                                               "firstimg.jpg")) {


                                   Toast.makeText(context, "图片保存OK！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG)


                                                   .show();


                           } else {


                                   Toast.makeText(context, "图片保存失败！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG)


                                                   .show();


                           }


                   }


                   pDialog.dismiss();


           }


   }


     @Override

   public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {


           getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);


              return true;


   }

}