学习System Properties
根据5.1的系统源码细节稍有不同。
转自：http://stevevallay.github.io/blog/2013/12/23/android-system-properties2/
system/core/init/init.c
property_init();system/core/init/property_service.c
void property_init(void)
{
init_property_area();
}static int init_property_area(void)
{
if (property_area_inited)
return -1;
if(__system_property_area_init())//关键
return -1;
//初始化workspace，得到shared memory的fd，size，data
if(init_workspace(&pa_workspace, 0))
return -1;
fcntl(pa_workspace.fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
property_area_inited = 1;
return 0;
}
bionic/libc/bionic/system_properties.cpp
int __system_property_area_init()
{
return map_prop_area_rw();
}static int map_prop_area_rw()
{
/* dev is a tmpfs that we can use to carve a shared workspace
* out of, so let's do that...
*/
const int fd = open(property_filename, //static char property_filename[PATH_MAX] = PROP_FILENAME;
//在头文件中#define PROP_FILENAME "/dev/__properties__"
O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_NOFOLLOW | O_CLOEXEC | O_EXCL, 0444);
if (fd < 0) {
if (errno == EACCES) {
/* for consistency with the case where the process has already
* mapped the page in and segfaults when trying to write to it
*/
abort();
}
return -1;
}
// TODO: Is this really required ? Does android run on any kernels that
// don't support O_CLOEXEC ?
const int ret = fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);//linux里面的函数
if (ret < 0) {
close(fd);
return -1;
}
if (ftruncate(fd, PA_SIZE) < 0) {
close(fd);
return -1;
}
pa_size = PA_SIZE;
pa_data_size = pa_size - sizeof(prop_area);
compat_mode = false;
void *const memory_area = mmap(NULL, pa_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);//用mmap映射到内存
if (memory_area == MAP_FAILED) {
close(fd);
return -1;
}
prop_area *pa = new(memory_area) prop_area(PROP_AREA_MAGIC, PROP_AREA_VERSION);
/* plug into the lib property services */
__system_property_area__ = pa;//通过该变量共享，完成property_service和libc中properties相关的交互
close(fd);
return 0;
}
继续到init.c
init.c
INFO("property init\n");
property_load_boot_defaults();property_service.c:
void property_load_boot_defaults(void)
{
load_properties_from_file(PROP_PATH_RAMDISK_DEFAULT, NULL);
}/*
* Filter is used to decide which properties to load: NULL loads all keys,
* "ro.foo.*" is a prefix match, and "ro.foo.bar" is an exact match.
*/
static void load_properties_from_file(const char *fn, const char *filter)
{
char *data;
unsigned sz;
data = read_file(fn, &sz);
if(data != 0) {
load_properties(data, filter);
free(data);
}
}/*
* Filter is used to decide which properties to load: NULL loads all keys,
* "ro.foo.*" is a prefix match, and "ro.foo.bar" is an exact match.
*/
static void load_properties(char *data, const char *filter)
{
char *key, *value, *eol, *sol, *tmp, *fn;
size_t flen = 0;
if (filter) {
flen = strlen(filter);
}
sol = data;
while ((eol = strchr(sol, '\n'))) {
key = sol;
*eol++ = 0;
sol = eol;
while (isspace(*key)) key++;
if (*key == '#') continue;
tmp = eol - 2;
while ((tmp > key) && isspace(*tmp)) *tmp-- = 0;
if (!strncmp(key, "import ", 7) && flen == 0) {
fn = key + 7;
while (isspace(*fn)) fn++;
key = strchr(fn, ' ');
if (key) {
*key++ = 0;
while (isspace(*key)) key++;
}
load_properties_from_file(fn, key);
} else {
value = strchr(key, '=');
if (!value) continue;
*value++ = 0;
tmp = value - 2;
while ((tmp > key) && isspace(*tmp)) *tmp-- = 0;
while (isspace(*value)) value++;
if (flen > 0) {
if (filter[flen - 1] == '*') {
if (strncmp(key, filter, flen - 1)) continue;
} else {
if (strcmp(key, filter)) continue;
}
}
property_set(key, value);//初始化property
}
}
}init.c 启动property service
queue_builtin_action(property_service_init_action, "property_service_init");static int property_service_init_action(int nargs, char **args)
{
/* read any property files on system or data and
* fire up the property service. This must happen
* after the ro.foo properties are set above so
* that /data/local.prop cannot interfere with them.
*/
start_property_service();
if (get_property_set_fd() < 0) {
ERROR("start_property_service() failed\n");
exit(1);
}
return 0;
}
property_service.c：
void start_property_service(void)
{
int fd;
fd = create_socket(PROP_SERVICE_NAME, SOCK_STREAM, 0666, 0, 0, NULL);//创建socket来接受set property的消息
if(fd < 0) return;
fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
listen(fd, 8);
property_set_fd = fd;
}init.c
init进程最后，进入一个无限循环，等待/dev/socket/property_service和其他fd事件，并处理
for(;;) {
int nr, i, timeout = -1;
execute_one_command();
restart_processes();
if (!property_set_fd_init && get_property_set_fd() > 0) {
ufds[fd_count].fd = get_property_set_fd();
ufds[fd_count].events = POLLIN;
ufds[fd_count].revents = 0;
fd_count++;
property_set_fd_init = 1;
}
if (!signal_fd_init && get_signal_fd() > 0) {
ufds[fd_count].fd = get_signal_fd();
ufds[fd_count].events = POLLIN;
ufds[fd_count].revents = 0;
fd_count++;
signal_fd_init = 1;
}
if (!keychord_fd_init && get_keychord_fd() > 0) {
ufds[fd_count].fd = get_keychord_fd();
ufds[fd_count].events = POLLIN;
ufds[fd_count].revents = 0;
fd_count++;
keychord_fd_init = 1;
}
if (process_needs_restart) {
timeout = (process_needs_restart - gettime()) * 1000;
if (timeout < 0)
timeout = 0;
}
if (!action_queue_empty() || cur_action)
timeout = 0;
#if BOOTCHART
if (bootchart_count > 0) {
if (timeout < 0 || timeout > BOOTCHART_POLLING_MS)
timeout = BOOTCHART_POLLING_MS;
if (bootchart_step() < 0 || --bootchart_count == 0) {
bootchart_finish();
bootchart_count = 0;
}
}
#endif
nr = poll(ufds, fd_count, timeout);
if (nr <= 0)
continue;
for (i = 0; i < fd_count; i++) {
if (ufds[i].revents & POLLIN) {
if (ufds[i].fd == get_property_set_fd())
handle_property_set_fd(); //接受/dev/socket/property_service的消息并处理
else if (ufds[i].fd == get_keychord_fd())
handle_keychord();
else if (ufds[i].fd == get_signal_fd())
handle_signal();
}
}
}
return 0;
}property_service.c
void handle_property_set_fd()
{
prop_msg msg;
int s;
int r;
int res;
struct ucred cr;
struct sockaddr_un addr;
socklen_t addr_size = sizeof(addr);
socklen_t cr_size = sizeof(cr);
char * source_ctx = NULL;
struct pollfd ufds[1];
const int timeout_ms = 2 * 1000; /* Default 2 sec timeout for caller to send property. */
int nr;
if ((s = accept(property_set_fd, (struct sockaddr *) &addr, &addr_size)) < 0) {
return;
}
/* Check socket options here */
if (getsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PEERCRED, &cr, &cr_size) < 0) {
close(s);
ERROR("Unable to receive socket options\n");
return;
}
ufds[0].fd = s;
ufds[0].events = POLLIN;
ufds[0].revents = 0;
nr = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(poll(ufds, 1, timeout_ms));
if (nr == 0) {
ERROR("sys_prop: timeout waiting for uid=%d to send property message.\n", cr.uid);
close(s);
return;
} else if (nr < 0) {
ERROR("sys_prop: error waiting for uid=%d to send property message. err=%d %s\n", cr.uid, errno, strerror(errno));
close(s);
return;
}
r = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(recv(s, &msg, sizeof(msg), MSG_DONTWAIT));
if(r != sizeof(prop_msg)) {
ERROR("sys_prop: mis-match msg size received: %d expected: %zu errno: %d\n",
r, sizeof(prop_msg), errno);
close(s);
return;
}
switch(msg.cmd) {
case PROP_MSG_SETPROP: //处理set proper请求
msg.name[PROP_NAME_MAX-1] = 0;
msg.value[PROP_VALUE_MAX-1] = 0;
if (!is_legal_property_name(msg.name, strlen(msg.name))) {
ERROR("sys_prop: illegal property name. Got: \"%s\"\n", msg.name);
close(s);
return;
}
getpeercon(s, &source_ctx);
if(memcmp(msg.name,"ctl.",4) == 0) {
// Keep the old close-socket-early behavior when handling
// ctl.* properties.
close(s);
if (check_control_mac_perms(msg.value, source_ctx)) {
handle_control_message((char*) msg.name + 4, (char*) msg.value);
} else {
ERROR("sys_prop: Unable to %s service ctl [%s] uid:%d gid:%d pid:%d\n",
msg.name + 4, msg.value, cr.uid, cr.gid, cr.pid);
}
} else {
if (check_perms(msg.name, source_ctx)) {
property_set((char*) msg.name, (char*) msg.value); //如果有permission，则设置property
} else {
ERROR("sys_prop: permission denied uid:%d name:%s\n",
cr.uid, msg.name);
}
// Note: bionic's property client code assumes that the
// property server will not close the socket until *AFTER*
// the property is written to memory.
close(s);
}
freecon(source_ctx);
break;
default:
close(s);
break;
}
}
check_perms不同的property_set需要不同的权限
/* White list of permissions for setting property services. */
struct {
const char *prefix;
unsigned int uid;
unsigned int gid;
} property_perms[] = {
{ "net.rmnet0.", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "net.gprs.", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "net.ppp", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "net.qmi", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "net.lte", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "net.cdma", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "ril.", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "gsm.", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "persist.radio", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "net.dns", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "sys.usb.config", AID_RADIO, 0 },
{ "net.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "dev.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "runtime.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "hw.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "sys.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "sys.powerctl", AID_SHELL, 0 },
{ "service.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "wlan.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "gps.", AID_GPS, 0 },
{ "bluetooth.", AID_BLUETOOTH, 0 },
{ "dhcp.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "dhcp.", AID_DHCP, 0 },
{ "debug.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "debug.", AID_SHELL, 0 },
{ "log.", AID_SHELL, 0 },
{ "service.adb.root", AID_SHELL, 0 },
{ "service.adb.tcp.port", AID_SHELL, 0 },
{ "persist.logd.size",AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "persist.sys.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "persist.service.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "persist.security.", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "persist.gps.", AID_GPS, 0 },
{ "persist.service.bdroid.", AID_BLUETOOTH, 0 },
{ "selinux." , AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "wc_transport.", AID_BLUETOOTH, AID_SYSTEM },
{ "build.fingerprint", AID_SYSTEM, 0 },
{ "partition." , AID_SYSTEM, 0},
{ NULL, 0, 0 }
};property_set:
int property_set(const char *name, const char *value)
{
prop_info *pi;
int ret;
size_t namelen = strlen(name);
size_t valuelen = strlen(value);
if (!is_legal_property_name(name, namelen)) return -1;
if (valuelen >= PROP_VALUE_MAX) return -1;
pi = (prop_info*) __system_property_find(name);
if(pi != 0) {//如果有个这个property
/* ro.* properties may NEVER be modified once set */
if(!strncmp(name, "ro.", 3)) return -1;
__system_property_update(pi, value, valuelen);
} else {
ret = __system_property_add(name, namelen, value, valuelen);
if (ret < 0) {
ERROR("Failed to set '%s'='%s'\n", name, value);
return ret;
}
}
/* If name starts with "net." treat as a DNS property. */
if (strncmp("net.", name, strlen("net.")) == 0) {
if (strcmp("net.change", name) == 0) {
return 0;
}
/*
* The 'net.change' property is a special property used track when any
* 'net.*' property name is updated. It is _ONLY_ updated here. Its value
* contains the last updated 'net.*' property.
*/
property_set("net.change", name);
} else if (persistent_properties_loaded &&
strncmp("persist.", name, strlen("persist.")) == 0) {//如果是persist.开头的文件，写入到/data/property/***
/*
* Don't write properties to disk until after we have read all default properties
* to prevent them from being overwritten by default values.
*/
write_persistent_property(name, value);
} else if (strcmp("selinux.reload_policy", name) == 0 &&
strcmp("1", value) == 0) {
selinux_reload_policy();
}
property_changed(name, value);
return 0;
}
static void write_persistent_property(const char *name, const char *value)
{
char tempPath[PATH_MAX];
char path[PATH_MAX];
int fd;
snprintf(tempPath, sizeof(tempPath), "%s/.temp.XXXXXX", PERSISTENT_PROPERTY_DIR);
fd = mkstemp(tempPath);
if (fd < 0) {
ERROR("Unable to write persistent property to temp file %s errno: %d\n", tempPath, errno);
return;
}
write(fd, value, strlen(value));
fsync(fd);
close(fd);
snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", PERSISTENT_PROPERTY_DIR, name);
if (rename(tempPath, path)) {
unlink(tempPath);
ERROR("Unable to rename persistent property file %s to %s\n", tempPath, path);
}
}
下面看看proper_get 直接向下到libc的__system_property_get的api
property_service.c
int __property_get(const char *name, char *value)
{
return __system_property_get(name, value);
}
bionic/libc/bionic/system_properties.cpp
int __system_property_get(const char *name, char *value)
{
const prop_info *pi = __system_property_find(name);
if (pi != 0) {
return __system_property_read(pi, 0, value);
} else {
value[0] = 0;
return 0;
}
}调用__system_property_find
const prop_info *__system_property_find(const char *name)
{
if (__predict_false(compat_mode)) {
return __system_property_find_compat(name);
}
return find_property(root_node(), name, strlen(name), NULL, 0, false);
}
其中root_node()
static prop_bt *root_node()
{
return reinterpret_cast<prop_bt*>(to_prop_obj(0));
}static void *to_prop_obj(const uint32_t off)
{
if (off > pa_data_size)
return NULL;
if (!__system_property_area__)
return NULL;
return (__system_property_area__->data + off);
}实际上获取__system_property_area__->data 的地址开始访问。__system_property_area__是/dev/properties map到内存的地址
在开始时就分析了，init.c进程初始化时，调用proper_service.c的proper_init()，接着进入system_properties.cpp的__system_property_area_()，再进入map_prop_area_rw()，创建property_filename(/dev/_properties_),mmap到内存，将地址赋值给__system_property_area__
static int map_prop_area_rw()
{
/* dev is a tmpfs that we can use to carve a shared workspace
* out of, so let's do that...
*/
const int fd = open(property_filename,
O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_NOFOLLOW | O_CLOEXEC | O_EXCL, 0444);
//......
void *const memory_area = mmap(NULL, pa_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
//......
prop_area *pa = new(memory_area) prop_area(PROP_AREA_MAGIC, PROP_AREA_VERSION);
/* plug into the lib property services */
__system_property_area__ = pa;
close(fd);
return 0;
}其他进程调用__system_property_find时不可以直接访问init进程里面的__system_property_area__，他们不能共享这个地址，不同进程之间各自使用自己独享的内存空间。
其他进程也对__system_property_area__初始化了一下。
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