c#调用C++ dll 报未将对象引用到设置对象的实例 的解决方案

PS： 我遇到的问题和这个情况类似。

提炼核心语句:

public delegate void WriteToConsoleCallback(IntPtr str); 

private static WriteToConsoleCallback callback; 

callback = new WriteToConsoleCallback(onMessage);  
setRecvDataCallback(callback);   //setRecvDataCallback 是DLL导出函数

static void onMessage(IntPtr str)  
{  
    byte[] buffer1 = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(str));  
    byte[] buffer2 = Encoding.Convert(Encoding.UTF8, Encoding.Default, buffer1, 0, buffer1.Length);  
    string strBuffer = Encoding.Default.GetString(buffer2, 0, buffer2.Length);  
}  

来源：http://blog.csdn.net/likang6/article/details/52191606

c# 调用 C++ dll 第一次调用的时候，可以正常加载，正常返回，多次调用之后在执行完 sendMessage(b); 之后，就会报 未将对象引用到设置对象的实例,代码如下 ：

[csharp]  view plain  copy

1. using System;  
2. using System.Collections.Generic;  
3. using System.Text;  
4. using System.Runtime.InteropServices;  
5. using System.Windows.Forms;  
6. using System.Runtime.InteropServices;  
7.   
8. namespace CSharpDemo  
9. {  
10.     class Program  
11.     {  
12.         [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "LoadLibrary", SetLastError = true)]  
13.         public static extern IntPtr LoadLibrary(  
14.            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpLibFileName);  
15.   
16.         [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetProcAddress", SetLastError = true)]  
17.         public static extern IntPtr GetProcAddress(IntPtr hModule,  
18.                    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpProcName);  
19.   
20.         [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "FreeLibrary")]  
21.         public static extern bool FreeLibrary(IntPtr hModule);  
22.   
23.   
24.         public delegate int InitPrinterManager();  
25.         public delegate void _onMessage_func(IntPtr str);  
26.         public delegate void SetRecvDataCallback(_onMessage_func callback);  
27.         public delegate int SendMessage(byte[] str);  
28.         public delegate int ClosePrinterManager();  
29.   
30.         public static IntPtr hLib;  
31.         public static SendMessage sendMessage;  
32.         static void onMessage(IntPtr str)  
33.         {  
34.   
35.             byte[] buffer1 = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(str));  
36.             byte[] buffer2 = Encoding.Convert(Encoding.UTF8, Encoding.Default, buffer1, 0, buffer1.Length);  
37.             string strBuffer = Encoding.Default.GetString(buffer2, 0, buffer2.Length);  
38.   
39.   
40.         }  
41.         static void WebSocket()  
42.         {  
43.   
44.   
45.             string str = "{\"cmd\":\"print\",\"requestID\":\"123458976\",\"version\":\"1.0\"}";  
46.   
47.             byte[] b = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str);  
48.   
49.   
50.             //用于接口返回  
51.             int Res = -1;  
52.             //IntPtr hLib;  
53.             //以下动态载入dll库  
54.             if (hLib == IntPtr.Zero)  
55.             {  
56.                 if (IntPtr.Size == 8)  //判断版本号  
57.                     hLib = LoadLibrary("PrinterManager64.dll");  
58.                 else  
59.                     hLib = LoadLibrary("PrinterManager32.dll");  
60.   
61.   
62.                 if (hLib == IntPtr.Zero)  
63.                 {  
64.   
65.                     Console.WriteLine("loadlibrary failed! ErrorNuber:" + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error().ToString());  
66.                     System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);  
67.                     System.Environment.Exit(-1);  
68.                 }  
69.                 //以下载入初始化函数initPrinterManager  
70.                 IntPtr hapi = GetProcAddress(hLib, "initPrinterManager");  
71.                 if (hapi == IntPtr.Zero)  
72.                 {  
73.                     Console.WriteLine("load initPrinterManager failed! ErrorNuber:" + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error().ToString());  
74.                     System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);  
75.                     System.Environment.Exit(-1);  
76.                 }  
77.                 //将初始化函数指针封装成委托，并调用  
78.                 InitPrinterManager initPrinterManager =  
79.                     (InitPrinterManager)Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(hapi, typeof(InitPrinterManager));  
80.                 Res = initPrinterManager();  
81.                 if (Res != 0)  
82.                 {  
83.                     Console.WriteLine("run initPrinterManager failed! \n");  
84.                     System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);  
85.                     System.Environment.Exit(-1);  
86.                 }  
87.   
88.                 //以下载入设定回调函数的函数，并调用  
89.                 IntPtr hapi2 = GetProcAddress(hLib, "setRecvDataCallback");  
90.                 if (hapi2 == IntPtr.Zero)  
91.                 {  
92.                     Console.WriteLine("load setRecvDataCallback failed! ErrorNuber:" + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error().ToString());  
93.                 }  
94.                 SetRecvDataCallback setRecvDataCallback =  
95.                     (SetRecvDataCallback)Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(hapi2, typeof(SetRecvDataCallback));  
96.                 setRecvDataCallback(onMessage);  
97.   
98.                 IntPtr hapi3 = GetProcAddress(hLib, "sendMessage");  
99.   
100.   
101.                 if (hapi3 == IntPtr.Zero)  
102.                 {  
103.                     Console.WriteLine("load sendMessage failed! ErrorNuber:" + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error().ToString());  
104.                 }  
105.                 sendMessage =  
106.                    (SendMessage)Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(hapi3, typeof(SendMessage));  
107.                 Res = sendMessage(b);  
108.                 if (Res != 0)  
109.                 {  
110.                     Console.WriteLine("sendMessage failed! \n");  
111.                     System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);  
112.                     System.Environment.Exit(-1);  
113.                 }  
114.                 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);  
115.             }  
116.             else  
117.             {  
118.                 Res = sendMessage(b);  
119.                 if (Res != 0)  
120.                 {  
121.                     Console.WriteLine("sendMessage failed! \n");  
122.                     System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);  
123.                     System.Environment.Exit(-1);  
124.                 }  
125.                 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);  
126.             }  
127.   
128.   
129.   
130.         }  
131.       
132.   
133.          
134.   
135.   
136.         public void Close()  
137.         {  
138.             int Res = -1;  
139.             //以下载入关闭连接函数，并调用  
140.             IntPtr hapi4 = GetProcAddress(hLib, "closePrinterManager");  
141.             if (hapi4 == IntPtr.Zero)  
142.             {  
143.                 Console.WriteLine("load closePrinterManager failed! ErrorNuber:" + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error().ToString());  
144.             }  
145.             ClosePrinterManager closePrinterManager =  
146.                 (ClosePrinterManager)Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(hapi4, typeof(ClosePrinterManager));  
147.             Res = closePrinterManager();  
148.             if (Res != 0)  
149.             {  
150.                 Console.WriteLine("closePrinterManager failed! \n");  
151.                 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);  
152.                 System.Environment.Exit(-1);  
153.             }  
154.             //释放动态链接库  
155.             FreeLibrary(hLib);  
156.             Console.Read();  
157.         }  
158.     }  
159. }  

查找原因发现回调函数需要声明一个静态对象来存储,改成以下之后，可以正常调用

[csharp]  view plain  copy

1. using System;  
2. using System.Collections.Generic;  
3. using System.Text;  
4. using System.Runtime.InteropServices;  
5.   
6. namespace CSharpDemo  
7. {  
8.     class CSharpDemo  
9.     {  
10.         [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.StdCall)]  
11.         public delegate void WriteToConsoleCallback(IntPtr str);  
12.   
13.         [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "LoadLibrary", SetLastError = true)]  
14.         public static extern IntPtr LoadLibrary(  
15.            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpLibFileName);  
16.   
17.         [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetProcAddress", SetLastError = true)]  
18.         public static extern IntPtr GetProcAddress(IntPtr hModule,  
19.                    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpProcName);  
20.   
21.         [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "FreeLibrary")]  
22.         public static extern bool FreeLibrary(IntPtr hModule);  
23.   
24.         public delegate int InitPrinterManager();  
25.         //public delegate void _onMessage_func(IntPtr str);  
26.         //public delegate void SetRecvDataCallback(_onMessage_func callback);  
27.         public delegate void SetRecvDataCallback(WriteToConsoleCallback callback);  
28.         public delegate int SendMessage(byte[] str);  
29.         public delegate int ClosePrinterManager();  
30.         private static WriteToConsoleCallback callback;  
31.   
32.         public static string strMessage = "";  
33.         public static IntPtr hLib;  
34.         public static SendMessage sendMessage;  
35.         //回调函数  
36.         static void onMessage(IntPtr str)  
37.         {  
38.   
39.             byte[] buffer1 = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(str));  
40.             byte[] buffer2 = Encoding.Convert(Encoding.UTF8, Encoding.Default, buffer1, 0, buffer1.Length);  
41.             string strBuffer = Encoding.Default.GetString(buffer2, 0, buffer2.Length);  
42.   
43.         }  
44.         /// <summary>  
45.         /// 连接  
46.         /// </summary>  
47.         public static void Websocket()  
48.         {  
49.             try  
50.             {  
51.                 //以下载入发送数据函数，并发送数据  
52.                 string str = "{\"cmd\":\"print\",\"requestID\":\"123458976\",\"version\":\"1.0\"}";  
53.                 byte[] b = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str);  
54.   
55.   
56.                 //用于接口返回  
57.                 int Res = -1;  
58.                 //IntPtr hLib;  
59.                 //以下动态载入dll库  
60.                 if (hLib == IntPtr.Zero)  
61.                 {  
62.                     if (IntPtr.Size == 8)  
63.                         hLib = LoadLibrary("PrinterManager64.dll");  
64.                     else  
65.                         hLib = LoadLibrary("PrinterManager32.dll");  
66.   
67.   
68.                     if (hLib == IntPtr.Zero)  
69.                     {  
70.   
71.                         Console.WriteLine("loadlibrary failed! ErrorNuber:" + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error().ToString());  
72.                         System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);  
73.                         System.Environment.Exit(-1);  
74.                     }  
75.                     //以下载入初始化函数initPrinterManager  
76.                     IntPtr hapi = GetProcAddress(hLib, "initPrinterManager");  
77.                     if (hapi == IntPtr.Zero)  
78.                     {  
79.                         Console.WriteLine("load initPrinterManager failed! ErrorNuber:" + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error().ToString());  
80.                         System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);  
81.                         System.Environment.Exit(-1);  
82.                     }  
83.                     //将初始化函数指针封装成委托，并调用  
84.                     InitPrinterManager initPrinterManager =  
85.                         (InitPrinterManager)Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(hapi, typeof(InitPrinterManager));  
86.                     Res = initPrinterManager();  
87.                     if (Res != 0)  
88.                     {  
89.                         Console.WriteLine("run initPrinterManager failed! \n");  
90.                         System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);  
91.                         System.Environment.Exit(-1);  
92.                     }  
93.   
94.                     //以下载入设定回调函数的函数，并调用  
95.                     IntPtr hapi2 = GetProcAddress(hLib, "setRecvDataCallback");  
96.                     if (hapi2 == IntPtr.Zero)  
97.                     {  
98.                         Console.WriteLine("load setRecvDataCallback failed! ErrorNuber:" + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error().ToString());  
99.                     }  
100.                     SetRecvDataCallback setRecvDataCallback =  
101.                         (SetRecvDataCallback)Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(hapi2, typeof(SetRecvDataCallback));  
102.                     //setRecvDataCallback(onMessage);  
103.                     //setRecvDataCallback(null);  
104.                     callback = new WriteToConsoleCallback(onMessage);  
105.                     setRecvDataCallback(callback);  
106.   
107.                     IntPtr hapi3 = GetProcAddress(hLib, "sendMessage");  
108.   
109.   
110.                     if (hapi3 == IntPtr.Zero)  
111.                     {  
112.                         Console.WriteLine("load sendMessage failed! ErrorNuber:" + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error().ToString());  
113.                     }  
114.                     sendMessage =  
115.                        (SendMessage)Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(hapi3, typeof(SendMessage));  
116.                     Res = sendMessage(b);  
117.                     if (Res != 0)  
118.                     {  
119.                         Console.WriteLine("sendMessage failed! \n");  
120.                         System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);  
121.                         System.Environment.Exit(-1);  
122.                     }  
123.   
124.                     System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);  
125.                 }  
126.                 else  
127.                 {  
128.   
129.                     Res = sendMessage(b);  
130.                     if (Res != 0)  
131.                     {  
132.                         Console.WriteLine("sendMessage failed! \n");  
133.                         System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);  
134.                         System.Environment.Exit(-1);  
135.                     }  
136.                     System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);  
137.                 }  
138.             }  
139.             catch (Exception ex)  
140.             {  
141.   
142.             }  
143.         }  
144.         /// <summary>  
145.         /// 关闭关闭连接函数  
146.         /// </summary>  
147.         public void Close()  
148.         {  
149.             int Res = -1;  
150.             //以下载入关闭连接函数，并调用  
151.             IntPtr hapi4 = GetProcAddress(hLib, "closePrinterManager");  
152.             if (hapi4 == IntPtr.Zero)  
153.             {  
154.                 Console.WriteLine("load closePrinterManager failed! ErrorNuber:" + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error().ToString());  
155.             }  
156.             ClosePrinterManager closePrinterManager =  
157.                 (ClosePrinterManager)Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(hapi4, typeof(ClosePrinterManager));  
158.             Res = closePrinterManager();  
159.             if (Res != 0)  
160.             {  
161.                 Console.WriteLine("closePrinterManager failed! \n");  
162.                 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);  
163.                 System.Environment.Exit(-1);  
164.             }  
165.             //释放动态链接库  
166.             FreeLibrary(hLib);  
167.         }  
168.       
169.     }  
170. }