project euler problem 19 数周末

Counting Sundays

Problem 19

You are given the following information, but you may prefer to do some research for yourself.

• 1 Jan 1900 was a Monday.
• Thirty days has September,
  April, June and November.
  All the rest have thirty-one,
  Saving February alone,
  Which has twenty-eight, rain or shine.
  And on leap years, twenty-nine.
• A leap year occurs on any year evenly divisible by 4, but not on a century unless it is divisible by 400.

How many Sundays fell on the first of the month during the twentieth century (1 Jan 1901 to 31 Dec 2000)?

Answer: 171 Completed on Mon, 7 Oct 2013, 07:55

题意：题意很明显，就是日期以内每个月的第一天是星期天的有多少天？

思路：因为题目给出的是1900年的1月1日是星期一，所以1900年的最后一天算出来也是星期二，即对7余1；然后直接算就行了。

#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int a[12]={31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
int cmp(int n)
{
    if(n%4==0&&n%100!=0||n%400==0) return 1;
    return 0;
}
int main()
{
    int sum=0,i,j,b=1;
    for(i=1901; i<=2000; i++)
    {
        if(cmp(i)) a[1]=29;
        else a[1]=28;  //a数组是全局变量，所以要归源
        for(j=0; j<12; j++)
        {
            b=(b+a[j])%7;
            if(b==5) sum++;  //如果每个月加上上个月余下的对7取模余5的话，意思就是这个月的最后一天是星期六，那么下个月的第一天当然就是星期天啦
        }
    }
    cout<<sum<<endl;
    return 0;
}