题目:648. 单词替换
在英语中,我们有一个叫做 词根(root)的概念,它可以跟着其他一些词组成另一个较长的单词——我们称这个词为 继承词(successor)。例如,词根an,跟随着单词 other(其他),可以形成新的单词 another(另一个)。
现在,给定一个由许多词根组成的词典和一个句子。你需要将句子中的所有继承词用词根替换掉。如果继承词有许多可以形成它的词根,则用最短的词根替换它。
你需要输出替换之后的句子。
示例 1:
输入:dictionary = [“cat”,“bat”,“rat”], sentence = “the cattle was rattled by the battery”
输出:“the cat was rat by the bat”
示例 2:
输入:dictionary = [“a”,“b”,“c”], sentence = “aadsfasf absbs bbab cadsfafs”
输出:“a a b c”
示例 3:
输入:dictionary = [“a”, “aa”, “aaa”, “aaaa”], sentence = “a aa a aaaa aaa aaa aaa aaaaaa bbb baba ababa”
输出:“a a a a a a a a bbb baba a”
示例 4:
输入:dictionary = [“catt”,“cat”,“bat”,“rat”], sentence = “the cattle was rattled by the battery”
输出:“the cat was rat by the bat”
示例 5:
输入:dictionary = [“ac”,“ab”], sentence = “it is abnormal that this solution is accepted”
输出:“it is ab that this solution is ac”
提示:
1 <= dictionary.length <= 1000
1 <= dictionary[i].length <= 100
dictionary[i] 仅由小写字母组成。
1 <= sentence.length <= 10^6
sentence 仅由小写字母和空格组成。
sentence 中单词的总量在范围 [1, 1000] 内。
sentence 中每个单词的长度在范围 [1, 1000] 内。
sentence 中单词之间由一个空格隔开。
sentence 没有前导或尾随空格。
来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/replace-words
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题解
将词典构建成前缀树/字典树(Trie),树的子节点isEnd表示该节点是否为词根。
然后,将句子sentence切分成单词数组;
最后,遍历单词数组,在词典树中查找词根并替换即可。
代码
class Solution {
class TrieNode {
public:
bool isEnd;
unordered_map<char, TrieNode*> next;
TrieNode() {
isEnd = false;
next.clear();
}
};
class Trie {
TrieNode * root;
public:
Trie() {
root = new TrieNode();
}
void insert(string word) {
TrieNode* cur = root;
for (char c: word) {
if (cur->next.count(c) == 0) {
cur->next[c] = new TrieNode();
}
cur = cur->next[c];
}
cur->isEnd = true;
}
string search(string word) {
string ans;
TrieNode* cur = root;
for (char c: word) {
if (cur->next.count(c) == 0) {
return word;
}
cur = cur->next[c];
ans += c;
if (cur->isEnd) {
return ans;
}
}
if(cur->isEnd) {
return ans;
}
return word;
}
};
public:
string replaceWords(vector<string>& dictionary, string sentence) {
Trie * trie = new Trie();
for (auto root: dictionary) {
trie->insert(root);
}
string ans;
vector<string> words;
int pos = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < sentence.length(); i++) {
if (sentence[i] == ' ') {
words.push_back(sentence.substr(pos, i - pos));
pos = i + 1;
}
}
words.push_back(sentence.substr(pos, sentence.length()-pos + 1));
for (auto word: words) {
if(ans.empty()) {
ans += trie->search(word);
} else {
ans += ' ';
ans += trie->search(word);
}
}
return ans;
}
};