1.javax.xml.parsers 包中的DocumentBuilderFactory用于创建DOM模式的解析器对象 , DocumentBuilderFactory是一个抽象工厂类,它不能直接实例化,但该类提供了一个newInstance方法 ,这个方法会根据本地平台默认安装的解析器,自动创建一个工厂的对象并返回
2.调用 DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance() 方法得到创建 DOM 解析器的工厂。
3.调用工厂对象的 newDocumentBuilder方法得到 DOM 解析器对象。
4.调用 DOM 解析器对象的 parse() 方法解析 XML 文档,得到代表整个文档的 Document 对象,进行可以利用DOM特性对整个XML文档进行操作了。
案例1.遍历xml文件中跟节点下面的所有子节点.
1.xml的约束文件java.dtd
- <!ELEMENT classes (java班,net班,php班,ios班)>
- <!ELEMENT java班 (teachers?,students?)>
- <!ELEMENT net班 (teachers?,students?)>
- <!ELEMENT php班 (teachers?,students?)>
- <!ELEMENT ios班 (teachers?,students?)>
- <!ELEMENT teachers (teacher*)>
- <!ELEMENT teacher EMPTY>
- <!ELEMENT students (student*)>
- <!ELEMENT student (name,sex,age)>
- <!ATTLIST java班 name CDATA #IMPLIED>
- <!ATTLIST net班 name CDATA #IMPLIED>
- <!ATTLIST php班 name CDATA #IMPLIED>
- <!ATTLIST ios班 name CDATA #IMPLIED>
- <!ATTLIST teacher name CDATA #IMPLIED>
- <!ATTLIST teacher sex CDATA #IMPLIED>
- <!ATTLIST teacher age CDATA #IMPLIED>
- <!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)>
- <!ELEMENT sex (#PCDATA)>
- <!ELEMENT age (#PCDATA)>
- <!ATTLIST student id ID #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT classes (java班,net班,php班,ios班)>
<!ELEMENT java班 (teachers?,students?)>
<!ELEMENT net班 (teachers?,students?)>
<!ELEMENT php班 (teachers?,students?)>
<!ELEMENT ios班 (teachers?,students?)>
<!ELEMENT teachers (teacher*)>
<!ELEMENT teacher EMPTY>
<!ELEMENT students (student*)>
<!ELEMENT student (name,sex,age)>
<!ATTLIST java班 name CDATA #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST net班 name CDATA #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST php班 name CDATA #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST ios班 name CDATA #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST teacher name CDATA #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST teacher sex CDATA #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST teacher age CDATA #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT sex (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT age (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST student id ID #IMPLIED>
2.xml文件内容如下java.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE classes SYSTEM "bin//parsers//java.dtd">
- <classes>
- <java班 name="CSDNJava01班">
- <teachers>
- <teacher name="军哥" sex="男" age="28" />
- <teacher name="刘丽华" sex="女" age="28" />
- </teachers>
- <students>
- <student id="x121">
- <name>王亮</name>
- <sex>女</sex>
- <age>28</age>
- </student>
- </students>
- </java班>
- <!-- 注释0 -->
- <net班 name=