setTimeZone

frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/AlarmManager.java

/**
     * Set the system default time zone.
     * Requires the permission android.permission.SET_TIME_ZONE.
     *
     * @param timeZone in the format understood by {@link java.util.TimeZone}
     */
    public void setTimeZone(String timeZone) {
        try {
            mService.setTimeZone(timeZone);
        } catch (RemoteException ex) {
        }
    }

frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/AlarmManagerService.java

private static final String TIMEZONE_PROPERTY = "persist.sys.timezone";

It's constructor method is :

 public AlarmManagerService(Context context) {
        mContext = context;
        mDescriptor = init();

        // We have to set current TimeZone info to kernel
        // because kernel doesn't keep this after reboot
        String tz = SystemProperties.get(TIMEZONE_PROPERTY);
        if (tz != null) {
            setTimeZone(tz);
        }

        PowerManager pm = (PowerManager)context.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
        mWakeLock = pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, TAG);
        
        mTimeTickSender = PendingIntent.getBroadcastAsUser(context, 0,
                new Intent(Intent.ACTION_TIME_TICK).addFlags(
                        Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REGISTERED_ONLY), 0,
                        UserHandle.ALL);
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DATE_CHANGED);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REPLACE_PENDING);
        mDateChangeSender = PendingIntent.getBroadcastAsUser(context, 0, intent,
                Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REGISTERED_ONLY_BEFORE_BOOT, UserHandle.ALL);
        
        // now that we have initied the driver schedule the alarm
        mClockReceiver= new ClockReceiver();
        mClockReceiver.scheduleTimeTickEvent();
        mClockReceiver.scheduleDateChangedEvent();
        mUninstallReceiver = new UninstallReceiver();
        
        if (mDescriptor != -1) {
            mWaitThread.start();
        } else {
            Slog.w(TAG, "Failed to open alarm driver. Falling back to a handler.");
        }

       try{
           BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                new FileInputStream("/system/etc/alarm_blacklist.txt")));

            String line ="";
            AppBlacklistItem backitem= null;
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null){
                if (localLOGV)  Log.d(TAG, "black alarm" +line);
                String nametype[] = line.split(":");
                backitem = new AppBlacklistItem(nametype[0], nametype[1]);
                mAppBlacklist.add(backitem);
            }

            br.close();
        }catch(java.io.FileNotFoundException ex){
        }catch(java.io.IOException ex){
        }
    }

public void setTimeZone(String tz) {
        mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
                "android.permission.SET_TIME_ZONE",
                "setTimeZone");

        long oldId = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        try {
            if (TextUtils.isEmpty(tz)) return;
            TimeZone zone = TimeZone.getTimeZone(tz);
            // Prevent reentrant calls from stepping on each other when writing
            // the time zone property
            boolean timeZoneWasChanged = false;
            synchronized (this) {
                String current = SystemProperties.get(TIMEZONE_PROPERTY);
                if (current == null || !current.equals(zone.getID())) {
                    if (localLOGV) {
                        Slog.v(TAG, "timezone changed: " + current + ", new=" + zone.getID());
                    }
                    timeZoneWasChanged = true;
                    SystemProperties.set(TIMEZONE_PROPERTY, zone.getID());
                }

                // Update the kernel timezone information
                // Kernel tracks time offsets as 'minutes west of GMT'
                int gmtOffset = zone.getOffset(System.currentTimeMillis());
                setKernelTimezone(mDescriptor, -(gmtOffset / 60000));
            }

            TimeZone.setDefault(null);

            if (timeZoneWasChanged) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_TIMEZONE_CHANGED);
                intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REPLACE_PENDING);
                intent.putExtra("time-zone", zone.getID());
                mContext.sendBroadcastAsUser(intent, UserHandle.ALL);
            }
        } finally {
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(oldId);
        }
    }

By setKernelTimezone in  setTimeZone(String tz) method ,then invoke JNI to write kernel RTC .

frameworks/base/services/jni/com_android_server_AlarmManagerService.cpp:

static jint android_server_AlarmManagerService_setKernelTimezone(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj, jint fd, jint minswest)
{
    struct timezone tz;

    tz.tz_minuteswest = minswest;
    tz.tz_dsttime = 0;

    int result = settimeofday(NULL, &tz);
    if (result < 0) {
        ALOGE("Unable to set kernel timezone to %d: %s\n", minswest, strerror(errno));
        return -1;
    } else {
        ALOGD("Kernel timezone updated to %d minutes west of GMT\n", minswest);
    }

    return 0;
}

static JNINativeMethod sMethods[] = {
     /* name, signature, funcPtr */
	{"init", "()I", (void*)android_server_AlarmManagerService_init},
	{"close", "(I)V", (void*)android_server_AlarmManagerService_close},
	{"set", "(IIJJ)V", (void*)android_server_AlarmManagerService_set},
    {"waitForAlarm", "(I)I", (void*)android_server_AlarmManagerService_waitForAlarm},
    {"setKernelTimezone", "(II)I", (void*)android_server_AlarmManagerService_setKernelTimezone},
};