JavaWeb学习-Servlet系列-7-Servlet获取配置信息

本篇来学习下Servlet获取配置信息，前面我们学习Servlet的生命周期方法，知道有一个getServletConfig()和一个init(servlet config)，ServletConfig是一个对象，通过这个对象，我们可以获取在web.xml中的配置信息，这些信息包括变量和变量的值。获取ServletConfig对象的方法有好几种。

 

1.在web.xml中的servlet对象添加一个变量

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>servletDemo3</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.anthony.servlet.ServletDemo3</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
    	<param-name>encoding</param-name>
    	<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>servletDemo3</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/demo3</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

2.通过ServletConfig对象获取这变量的值

我们自定义的ServletDemo3中重写了init()方法，从init()方法拿到了服务器创建的ServletConfig对象，然后我们在doGet()方法中获取web.xml中的变量的值。

package com.anthony.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ServletDemo3 extends HttpServlet {
	
	private ServletConfig config;

	@Override
	public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
		this.config = config;
	}

	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("*****ServletDemo3********");
		String encodingType = config.getInitParameter("encoding");
		System.out.println(encodingType);
	}

	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

重新部署到tomcat服务器上，然后浏览器打开 http://localhost:8080/Servlet01/demo3

在Eclipse的日志控制台输出

*****ServletDemo3********
UTF-8

 

第二种方法得到config的对象

这种方法是通过使用继承父类GenericServlet的方法得到ServletConfig对象。

package com.anthony.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ServletDemo3 extends HttpServlet {

	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("*****ServletDemo3********");
		String encodingType = super.getInitParameter("encoding");
		System.out.println(encodingType);
	}

	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

重新发布到tomcat，同样可以打印出变量的值。

 

第三种方法得到ServletConfig对象

第三种方法是通过我们写的子类去调用getServletConfig方法，得到config对象，然后再调用getInitParameter方法。

package com.anthony.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ServletDemo3 extends HttpServlet {

	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		String encodingType = this.getServletConfig().getInitParameter("encoding");
		System.out.println(encodingType);
	}

	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

重新部署，测试依然得到encoding的值。以上就是三种获取ServletConfig对象然后获取web.xml中变量的值的方法。