1.类声明:
//写时复制容器。可以进行并发的读,不需要加锁,写的时候拷贝一份进行写,写完将原来的容器指向新的容器,写的时候要加锁。不能保证数据的实时一致性,只能保证最终一致性。
public class CopyOnWriteArrayList<E>
implements List<E>, RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable {
2.变量:
//写的时候加的锁
final transient ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
//底层使用数组实现
private transient volatile Object[] array;
3.方法:
//集合做构造参数
public CopyOnWriteArrayList(Collection<? extends E> c) {
Object[] elements;
if (c.getClass() == CopyOnWriteArrayList.class)//若集合是CopyOnWriteArrayList,则底层使用同一个数组
elements = ((CopyOnWriteArrayList<?>)c).getArray();
else {//其他集合拷贝一份数据到新数组
elements = c.toArray();
// c.toArray might (incorrectly) not return Object[] (see 6260652)
if (elements.getClass() != Object[].class)
elements = Arrays.copyOf(elements, elements.length, Object[].class);
}
setArray(elements);
}
//默认构造函数底层数组容量为0
public CopyOnWriteArrayList() {
setArray(new Object[0]);
}
//add方法,先加锁,获取底层数组,复制底层数组,然后进行写入,最后将数组指向新数组
public boolean add(E e) {
final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
lock.lock();
try {
Object[] elements = getArray();
int len = elements.length;
Object[] newElements = Arrays.copyOf(elements, len + 1);
newElements[len] = e;
setArray(newElements);
return true;
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
//读方法不会加锁,如果此时有线程在写,会读到旧值
private E get(Object[] a, int index) {
return (E) a[index];
}