Android 自定义View

LSLLSF

于 2014-08-08 11:13:37 发布

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转载：http://weizhulin.blog.51cto.com/1556324/311457

大家好我们今天的教程是在Android 教程中自定义View 的学习，对于初学着来说，他们习惯了Android 传统的页面布局方式，如下代码:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>     
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    
    android:orientation="vertical"    
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    
    >     
<TextView       
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"      
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"      
    android:text="@string/hello"    
    />     
</LinearLayout>    
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
    android:orientation="vertical" 
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="fill_parent" 
    > 
<TextView    
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"   
    android:text="@string/hello" 
    /> 
</LinearLayout>

当然上面的布局方式可以帮助我们完成简单应用的开发了，但是如果你想写一个复杂的应用，这样就有点牵强了，大家不信可以下源码都研究看看，高手写的布局方式，如上面的布局高手通常是这样写的:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>     
<A>     
    <B></B>     
</A>    
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<A> 
 <B></B> 
</A>

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其中A extends LinerLayout, B extends TextView.
其中A extends LinerLayout, B extends TextView.

为了帮助大家更容易理解，我写了一个简单的Demo ,具体步骤如下：

首先新建一个Android 工程命名为ViewDemo .

然后自定义一个View 类，命名为MyView(extends View) .代码如下:

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package com.android.tutor;     
import android.content.Context;     
import android.graphics.Canvas;     
import android.graphics.Color;     
import android.graphics.Paint;     
import android.graphics.Rect;     
import android.graphics.Paint.Style;     
import android.util.AttributeSet;     
import android.view.View;     
public class MyView extends View {     
    private Paint mPaint;     
    private Context mContext;     
    private static final String mString = "Welcome to Mr Wei's blog";     
         
    public MyView(Context context) {     
        super(context);     
         
    }     
    public MyView(Context context,AttributeSet attr)     
    {     
        super(context,attr);     
         
    }     
    @Override    
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {     
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub     
        super.onDraw(canvas);     
             
        mPaint = new Paint();     
             
        //设置画笔颜色     
        mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);     
        //设置填充     
        mPaint.setStyle(Style.FILL);     
             
        //画一个矩形,前俩个是矩形左上角坐标，后面俩个是右下角坐标     
        canvas.drawRect(new Rect(10, 10, 100, 100), mPaint);     
             
        mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);     
        //绘制文字     
        canvas.drawText(mString, 10, 110, mPaint);     
    }     
}    
package com.android.tutor;  
import android.content.Context;  
import android.graphics.Canvas;  
import android.graphics.Color;  
import android.graphics.Paint;  
import android.graphics.Rect;  
import android.graphics.Paint.Style;  
import android.util.AttributeSet;  
import android.view.View;  
public class MyView extends View {  
 private Paint mPaint;  
 private Context mContext;  
 private static final String mString = "Welcome to Mr Wei's blog";  
   
 public MyView(Context context) {  
  super(context);  
   
 }  
 public MyView(Context context,AttributeSet attr)  
 {  
  super(context,attr);  
   
 }  
 @Override  
 protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {  
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
  super.onDraw(canvas);  
    
  mPaint = new Paint();  
    
  //设置画笔颜色  
  mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);  
  //设置填充  
  mPaint.setStyle(Style.FILL);  
    
  //画一个矩形,前俩个是矩形左上角坐标，后面俩个是右下角坐标  
  canvas.drawRect(new Rect(10, 10, 100, 100), mPaint);  
    
  mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);  
  //绘制文字  
  canvas.drawText(mString, 10, 110, mPaint);  
 }  
}

然后将我们自定义的View 加入到main.xml 布局文件中,代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>     
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    
    android:orientation="vertical"    
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    
    >     
<TextView       
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"      
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"      
    android:text="@string/hello"    
    />     
<com.android.tutor.MyView     
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"      
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"      
/>     
</LinearLayout>    
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
    android:orientation="vertical" 
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="fill_parent" 
    > 
<TextView    
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"   
    android:text="@string/hello" 
    /> 
<com.android.tutor.MyView 
 android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"   
/> 
</LinearLayout>

最后执行之，效果如下图: