10、CountDownLatch

###CountDownLatch 是什么
倒计时锁。
让1个或多个线程等待，让指定的多个线程全部都运行完成以后，再执行等待线程。

###实例
例子：老板要等3个工人都干完活，再做总结

public class Worker implements Runnable{

private CountDownLatch countDownLatch;
private String name;

public Worker(CountDownLatch countDownLatch,String name){
    this.countDownLatch=countDownLatch;
    this.name=name;
}

public void run() {
    doWork();
    try {
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        countDownLatch.countDown();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

private void doWork(){
    System.out.println(this.name+":正在干活！");
}

}

public class Boss implements Runnable{

private CountDownLatch countDownLatch;

private String name;

public Boss(CountDownLatch countDownLatch,String name){
    this.countDownLatch=countDownLatch;
    this.name=name;
}

public void run() {
    System.out.println(this.name+":老板正在等待工人干活");
    try {
        this.countDownLatch.await();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    System.out.println(this.name+":工人干完活了，老板开始总结。。。。。");
}

}

public class CountDownLatchTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    CountDownLatch countDownLatch=new CountDownLatch(3);
    Worker worker1=new Worker(countDownLatch,"张三");
    Worker worker2=new Worker(countDownLatch,"李四");
    Worker worker3=new Worker(countDownLatch,"王五");
    Boss boss=new Boss(countDownLatch,"老板");
    new Thread(boss).start();
    new Thread(worker1).start();
    new Thread(worker2).start();
    new Thread(worker3).start();


}

}

###实现原理
CountDownLatch是基于AQS的共享模式实现的
AQS 有个state 记录，这个state 值就是 需要等待N个线程执行完以后，再执行其他的线程中的N 。
countDownLatch.countDown(); 没执行一次，state(CAS执行) 就会减1.
直到state为0的时候，再去执行等待中的线程。

AbstractQueueSynchronizer（同步器） 类中有1个FIFO链式队列，叫CLH队列，该队列是阻塞队列，是竞争锁的队列。
AbstractQueueSynchronizer 中有个内部类。ConditionObject继承了Condition接口，ConditionObject 类中维护了1个等待队列（该队列是线程安全的，因为要用到condition，必须先获取到锁），该队列是用condition.await()方法后，将等待中的队列，添加到等待队列中。

condition.await() 的实现是 LockSupport.park()方法。唤醒condition.signal()的实现是LockSupport.unpark()方法。
LockSupport类中的park和unpark方法，都是用Unsafe类中的JNI接口使用CAS原理实现的。