Bitmap和Drawable详解

1，Android读取不同位置（drawable，asset，SDCard）的图片资源

（1）已将图片保存到drawable目录下，通过图片id获得Drawable或者Bitmap

//通过图片id获得Drawable

Drawable drawable=getResource().getDrawable(R.drawable.xxx);

//通过图片id获得Bitmap

Resource res=gerResource();

Bitmap bitmap=BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, id);

(2)已将图片保存到assest目录下，知道图片的名称，通过inputstream获得图片Drawabl或者 Bitmap

AssetManager asm=getAssetMg();

InputStream is=asm.open(name);//name:图片的名称

//获得Drawable

Drawable da = Drawable.createFromStream(is, null);

//获得Bitmap

Bitmap bitmap=BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);

(3)图片保存在sdcard,通过图片的路径

String imgFilePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString()+ “/DCIM/device.png”;

fis = new FileInputStream(new File(imgFilePath));//文件输入流

Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(fis);

Drawable da = Drawable.createFromStream(is, null)

ImageView iv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image);

Bitmap bit = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(/sdcard/android.bmp);

iv.setImageBitmap(bit);

iv.setImageDrawable(Drawable.createFromPath(new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), camera.jpg).getAbsolutePath()));

2，比较Drawable与Bitmap占用内存大小

//测试加载10000个Drawable对象的代码

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
int number = 10000;
       Drawable[] array;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        array = new BitmapDrawable[number];
        
        for(int i = 0; i < number; i++)
        {
            Log.e("", "测试第" + (i+1) + "张图片");
            array[i] = getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
        }
    }

//测试加载10000个Bitmap对象的代码

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
int number = 10000;
    Bitmap bitmap[];
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        bitmap = new Bitmap[number];
        
        for (int i = 0; i < number; i++)
        {
            Log.e("", "测试第" + (i+1) + "张图片");
            bitmap[i] = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.ic_launcher);
        }
    }

//使用decodeStream加载10000个Bitmap对象的代码

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
int number = 10000;
    Bitmap bitmap[];
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        bitmap = new Bitmap[number];
        
        for (int i = 0; i < number; i++)
        {
            Log.e("", "测试第" + (i+1) + "张图片");
            bitmap[i] = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(getResources().openRawResource(R.drawable.ic_launcher));
     }
    }

总结：加载无论从时间上还是空间上由好到差依次为：

getDrawable(R.drawable.img) > decodeStream  >decodeResource