Difference between "su - $username" and "su $username"

I logines as jady on fedora system.

[jady@fedora ~]$ export AA=heisenbug
[jady@fedora ~]$ echo $AA
heisenbug
[jady@fedora ~]$ su -  
Password: 
Last login: Tue Jan 14 22:35:16 CST 2014 on pts/0
[root@fedora ~]# echo $AA # after switch the user to another one, even root, the former setting still not work


[root@fedora ~]# exit
logout
[jady@fedora ~]$ echo $AA #back the my jady session, the env setting still works.
heisenbug
[jady@fedora ~]$ su root 
Password: 
[root@fedora jady]# echo $AA # after switch the user to root, the former setting still works too.
heisenbug

由此可见， “su - root” 是从新启动一个session，不能基层上个用户session的env setting，但是直接“su”却可以，因为他们使用同一个session。有待考证

env setting的继承