java使用RSA生成公钥和私钥，并进行加解密

废话不多说，上代码： 

import javax.crypto.Cipher;

import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;

import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Java RSA 加密工具类
 * 参考： https://blog.csdn.net/qy20115549/article/details/83105736
 */
public class RSAUtils {
    /**
     * 密钥长度 于原文长度对应 以及越长速度越慢
     */
    private final static int KEY_SIZE = 1024;
    /**
     * 用于封装随机产生的公钥与私钥
     */
    private static Map<Integer, String> keyMap = new HashMap<Integer, String>();

    /**
     * 随机生成密钥对
     * @throws Exception 
     */
    public static void genKeyPair() throws Exception {
        // KeyPairGenerator类用于生成公钥和私钥对，基于RSA算法生成对象
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
        // 初始化密钥对生成器
        keyPairGen.initialize(KEY_SIZE, new SecureRandom());
        // 生成一个密钥对，保存在keyPair中
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
        // 得到私钥
        RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
        // 得到公钥
        RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
        String publicKeyString = encryptBASE64(publicKey.getEncoded());
        // 得到私钥字符串
        String privateKeyString = encryptBASE64(privateKey.getEncoded());
        // 将公钥和私钥保存到Map
        //0表示公钥
        keyMap.put(0, publicKeyString);
        //1表示私钥
        keyMap.put(1, privateKeyString);
    }
    
    //编码返回字符串
    public static String encryptBASE64(byte[] key) throws Exception {
        return (new BASE64Encoder()).encodeBuffer(key);
    }
    
    //解码返回byte
    public static byte[] decryptBASE64(String key) throws Exception {
        return (new BASE64Decoder()).decodeBuffer(key);
    }

    /**
     * RSA公钥加密
     *
     * @param str       加密字符串
     * @param publicKey 公钥
     * @return 密文
     * @throws Exception 加密过程中的异常信息
     */
    public static String encrypt(String str, String publicKey) throws Exception {
        //base64编码的公钥
        byte[] decoded = decryptBASE64(publicKey);
        RSAPublicKey pubKey = (RSAPublicKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
        //RSA加密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey);
        String outStr = encryptBASE64(cipher.doFinal(str.getBytes("UTF-8")));
        return outStr;
    }

    /**
     * RSA私钥解密
     *
     * @param str        加密字符串
     * @param privateKey 私钥
     * @return 明文
     * @throws Exception 解密过程中的异常信息
     */
    public static String decrypt(String str, String privateKey) throws Exception {
        //64位解码加密后的字符串
        byte[] inputByte = decryptBASE64(str);
        //base64编码的私钥
        byte[] decoded = decryptBASE64(privateKey);
        RSAPrivateKey priKey = (RSAPrivateKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
        //RSA解密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, priKey);
        String outStr = new String(cipher.doFinal(inputByte));
        return outStr;
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        long temp = System.currentTimeMillis();
        //生成公钥和私钥
        genKeyPair();
        //加密字符串
        System.out.println("公钥:" + keyMap.get(0));
        System.out.println("私钥:" + keyMap.get(1));
        System.out.println("生成密钥消耗时间:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - temp) / 1000.0 + "秒");


        String message = "RSA测试aaa";
        System.out.println("原文:" + message);

        temp = System.currentTimeMillis();
        String messageEn = encrypt(message, keyMap.get(0));
        System.out.println("密文:" + messageEn);
        System.out.println("加密消耗时间:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - temp) / 1000.0 + "秒");

        temp = System.currentTimeMillis();

        String messageDe = decrypt(messageEn, keyMap.get(1));
        System.out.println("解密:" + messageDe);
        System.out.println("解密消耗时间:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - temp) / 1000.0 + "秒");
    }
}