（二）Shiro开发从HelloWorld开始

准备工作：去官网下载lib和源码http://shiro.apache.org/download.html#latest

新建Java project命名为shiro，新建一个lib文件夹，将对应的jar包放进lib文件夹里面

打开前面下载的shiro源码=》shiro-root-1.3.2\samples\quickstart\src\main\resources，将log4j.properties和shiro.ini文件拷贝到项目的src目录下

Java项目中新建包，将前面下载的shiro源码中shiro-1.3.2\shiro-root-1.3.2\samples\quickstart\src\main\java中的Quickstart.java拷贝到新建的包中

完成后项目的目录结构

shiro.ini中配置了用户的账号、密码、角色、权限（注意这个只是官方提供测试用的，真正开发中不会这样配置的）

Quickstart.java解析

package com.mei.shiro.helloworld;

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class Quickstart {

    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // The easiest way to create a Shiro SecurityManager with configured
        // realms, users, roles and permissions is to use the simple INI config.
        // We'll do that by using a factory that can ingest a .ini file and
        // return a SecurityManager instance:

        // Use the shiro.ini file at the root of the classpath
        // (file: and url: prefixes load from files and urls respectively):
        Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();

        // for this simple example quickstart, make the SecurityManager
        // accessible as a JVM singleton.  Most applications wouldn't do this
        // and instead rely on their container configuration or web.xml for
        // webapps.  That is outside the scope of this simple quickstart, so
        // we'll just do the bare minimum so you can continue to get a feel
        // for things.
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        // Now that a simple Shiro environment is set up, let's see what you can do:

        // get the currently executing user:
        //获取当前的Subject，调用SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

        // Do some stuff with a Session (no need for a web or EJB container!!!)
        //测试使用Session
        //获取Session：Subject的getSession()方法
        Session session = currentUser.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
        if (value.equals("aValue")) {
            log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
        }

        // let's login the current user so we can check against roles and permissions:
        //测试当前用户是否已经被认证。即是否已经登录
        //调动Subject的isAuthenticated(0)方法
        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
            //把用户名和密码封装为UsernamePasswordToken对象
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
            //remember me：记住我
            token.setRememberMe(true);
            try {
                //执行登录
                currentUser.login(token);
            } 
            //若没有指定的账号，则shiro将会抛出UnknownAccountException异常
            catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
                log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
                return;
            } 
            //若帐号存在，但密码不匹配，则shiro会抛出IncorrectCredentialsException异常
            catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
                log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
                return;
            } 
            //用户被锁定的异常LockedAccountException
            catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
            }
            // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
            //所以认证时异常的父类
            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
                //unexpected condition?  error?
            }
        }

        //say who they are:
        //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
        log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");

        //test a role:
        //测试是否有某一个角色。调用Subject的hasRole方法。
        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
            log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
        } else {
            log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
        }

        //test a typed permission (not instance-level)
        //测试用户是否具备某一个行为。调用Subject的isPermitted()方法。
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:weild")) {
            log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
        }

        //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
        //测试用户是否具备某一个行为。
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
            log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
        }

        //all done - log out!
        //执行登出。调用Subject的logout()方法。
        currentUser.logout();

        System.exit(0);
    }
}

项目源码下载： http://download.csdn.net/download/u011712163/9978941