A stack may be regarded as a railway switching network like the one in Figure 2.3. Cars numbered 1,2.....,n, are on the line at the left ,and it is desired to rearrange (permute)the cars as they leave on the righthand track .A car that is on the spur(stack)can be left there or sent on its way down the right track but it can never be sent back to the incoming track . For example ,if n=3,and we have the cars ,1,2,3on the left track ,then 3 first goes to the spur.we could then send 2 to the spur,then on its way to the right ,then send 3 on the way,then 1,obtaining the new order 1,3,2.
(a)For n=3,find all possible permutations that can be obtained.
123 132 213 321 312
(b)For n=4,find all possible permutations that can be obtained.
1234 1243 1324 1423 1432 2134 2143 3124 3214 4123 4132 4213 4312 4321