java多线程-synchronized对象和方法的区别

public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Synchronized Objects: ");
        Worker worker = new Worker();
        worker.main();
        System.out.println("Synchronized Methods: ");
        WorkerMethodsSynchronized worker2 = new WorkerMethodsSynchronized();
        worker2.main();
    }
}

public class Worker {
    private Random random=new Random();
    private final Object lock1=new Object();
    private final Object lock2=new Object();

    private List<Integer> list1=new ArrayList<>();
    private List<Integer> list2=new ArrayList<>();

    public void stageOne(){
        synchronized (lock1){
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1);
            }catch (InterruptedException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            list1.add(random.nextInt(100));
        }
    }
    public void stageTwo(){
        synchronized (lock2){
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1);
            }catch (InterruptedException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            list2.add(random.nextInt(100));
        }
    }
    public void process(){
        for(int i=0;i<1000;i++){
            stageOne();
            stageTwo();
        }
    }

    public  void main() {
        System.out.println("Starting ...");
        long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
        Thread t1=new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                process();
            }
        });
        Thread t2=new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                process();
            }
        });
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        try {
            t1.join();
            t2.join();
        }catch (InterruptedException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        long end=System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("time taken "+(end-start));
        System.out.println("List1:"+list1.size()+" List2:"+list2.size());
    }
}

public class WorkerMethodsSynchronized {

    private Random random = new Random();

    private List<Integer> list1 = new ArrayList<>();
    private List<Integer> list2 = new ArrayList<>();

    /**
     * synchronized, methods use different data (list1 list2) so by synchronized
     * methods if one thread runs the stageOne other thread cannot run stageTwo
     * at the same time because that same locks are used. Solution is using two
     * lock Object for two shared data.
     */
    public synchronized void stageOne() {
        try {
            //do your work here
            Thread.sleep(1);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        list1.add(random.nextInt(100));
    }

    public synchronized void stageTwo() {
        try {
            //do your work here
            Thread.sleep(1);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        list2.add(random.nextInt(100));
    }

    public void process() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            stageOne();
            stageTwo();
        }
    }

    public void main() {
        System.out.println("Starting ...");
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                process();
            }
        });

        Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                process();
            }
        });

        t1.start();
        t2.start();

        try {
            t1.join();
            t2.join();
        } catch (InterruptedException ignored) {}

        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();

        System.out.println("Time taken: " + (end - start));
        System.out.println("List1: " + list1.size() + "; List2: " + list2.size());
    }
}

输出:
Synchronized Objects:
Starting …
time taken 2598
List1:2000 List2:2000
Synchronized Methods:
Starting …
Time taken: 5184
List1: 2000; List2: 2000
可见Synchronized 方法更耗时间
解析:

1. 就是弄个循环往两个list加入随机值