1.简介
sysbench是一款开源的多线程性能测试工具，可以执行CPU/内存/线程/IO/数据库等方面的性能测试。数据库目前支持MySQL/Oracle/PostgreSQL。本文只是简单演示一下几种测试的用法，后续准备利用sysbench来对MySQL进行一系列的测试。具体的一些参数设置，需要根据不同的测试要求来进行调整。
2.安装
#安装yum包及配置环境变量
yum -y install bzr libtool
wget http://imysql.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/sysbench-0.4.12-1.1.tgz
echo 'export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/Data/apps/mysql/lib' >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
# 安装sysbench
mkdir -p /Data/apps/sysbench
mkdir -p /Data/apps/sysbench/log
tar -zxvf sysbench-0.4.12-1.1.tgz
cd sysbench-0.4.12-1.1
./autogen.sh
./configure --prefix=/Data/apps/sysbench --with-mysql-includes=/Data/apps/mysql/include --with-mysql-libs=/Data/apps/mysql/lib
make && make install
cp /Data/apps/sysbench/bin/sysbench /usr/local/bin/
# /Data/package/sysbench-0.4.12-1.1为安装包目录
cp -a /Data/package/sysbench-0.4.12-1.1/sysbench/tests /Data/apps/sysbench/3.测试
3.1 Mysql数据库测试
mysql > create database sbtest;
sysbench --mysql-host=127.0.0.1 --mysql-port=3306 --mysql-user=root --mysql-password='' --test=/Data/apps/sysbench/tests/db/oltp.lua --oltp_tables_count=10 --oltp-table-size=100000 --rand-init=on prepare
# --test=tests/db/oltp.lua 表示调用 tests/db/oltp.lua 脚本进行 oltp 模式测试
# --oltp_tables_count=10 表示会生成 10 个测试表
# --oltp-table-size=100000 表示每个测试表数据行数
# --rand-init=on 表示每个测试表都是用随机数据来填充的
sysbench --mysql-host=127.0.0.1 --mysql-port=3306 --mysql-user=root --mysql-password='' --test=/Data/apps/sysbench/tests/db/oltp.lua --oltp_tables_count=10 --oltp-table-size=10000000 --num-threads=8 --oltp-read-only=off --report-interval=10 --rand-type=uniform --max-time=120 --max-requests=0 --percentile=99 run >> /Data/apps/sysbench/log/sysbench_oltp.log
# --oltp-read-only=off 表示不要进行只读测试，也就是会采用读写混合模式测试
# --report-interval=10 表示每10秒输出一次测试进度报告
# --rand-type=uniform 表示随机类型为固定模式，其他几个可选随机模式：uniform(固定),gaussian(高斯),special(特定的),pareto(帕累托)
# --max-time=120 表示最大执行时长为 120秒
# --max-requests=0 表示总请求数为 0，因为上面已经定义了总执行时长，所以总请求数可以设定为 0；也可以只设定总请求数，不设定最大执行时长
# --percentile=99 表示设定采样比例，默认是 95%，即丢弃1%的长请求，在剩余的99%里取最大值
==========================测试结果解读如下==========================
sysbench 0.5: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 8
Report intermediate results every 10 second(s)
Random number generator seed is 0 and will be ignored
Threads started!
[ 10s] threads: 8, tps: 26.60, reads/s: 410.22, writes/s: 115.11, response time: 1050.29ms (99%)
[ 20s] threads: 8, tps: 32.40, reads/s: 462.00, writes/s: 131.60, response time: 699.68ms (99%)
[ 30s] threads: 8, tps: 33.00, reads/s: 467.60, writes/s: 133.20, response time: 496.50ms (99%)
[ 40s] threads: 8, tps: 30.80, reads/s: 441.00, writes/s: 125.30, response time: 617.02ms (99%)
[ 50s] threads: 8, tps: 35.80, reads/s: 504.00, writes/s: 143.80, response time: 526.03ms (99%)
[ 60s] threads: 8, tps: 33.20, reads/s: 468.50, writes/s: 133.30, response time: 774.87ms (99%)
.........
[3540s] threads: 8, tps: 41.90, reads/s: 602.00, writes/s: 170.90, response time: 483.88ms (99%)
[3550s] threads: 8, tps: 43.40, reads/s: 616.00, writes/s: 175.40, response time: 383.69ms (99%)
[3560s] threads: 8, tps: 38.00, reads/s: 543.20, writes/s: 154.40, response time: 475.41ms (99%)
[3570s] threads: 8, tps: 39.60, reads/s: 560.00, writes/s: 159.60, response time: 425.82ms (99%)
[3580s] threads: 8, tps: 42.10, reads/s: 600.60, writes/s: 170.80, response time: 384.04ms (99%)
[3590s] threads: 8, tps: 38.10, reads/s: 547.40, writes/s: 155.40, response time: 542.17ms (99%)
[3600s] threads: 8, tps: 40.40, reads/s: 574.00, writes/s: 163.40, response time: 459.05ms (99%)
OLTP test statistics:
queries performed:
read: 2068584 -- 读总数
write: 588759 -- 写总数
other: 293247 -- 其他操作总数(SELECT、INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE之外的操作，例如COMMIT等)
total: 2950590 -- 全部总数
transactions: 145491 (40.41 per sec.) -- 总事务数(每秒事务数)
deadlocks: 2265 (0.63 per sec.) -- 发生死锁总数
read/write requests: 2657343 (738.12 per sec.) -- 读写总数(每秒读写次数)
other operations: 293247 (81.45 per sec.) -- 其他操作总数(每秒其他操作次数)
General statistics:
total time: 3600.1452s -- 总耗时
total number of events: 145491 -- 共发生多少事务数
total time taken by event execution: 28800.5977s -- 所有事务耗时相加(不考虑并行因素)
response time:
min: 49.84ms -- 最小耗时
avg: 197.95ms -- 平均耗时
max: 1355.40ms -- 最长耗时
approx. 99 percentile: 433.54ms -- 超过99%平均耗时
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 18186.3750/63.14
execution time (avg/stddev): 3600.0747/0.04
3.2 CPU测试
sysbench CPU测试使用64位整数，测试计算素数直到某个最大值所需要的时间
shell> sysbench --test=cpu --cpu-max-prime=2000 run
sysbench 0.5: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Random number generator seed is 0 and will be ignored
Primer numbers limit: 2000
Threads started!
Test execution summary:
total time: 2.2452s
total number of events: 10000
total time taken by event execution: 2.2347s
per-request statistics:
min: 0.20ms
avg: 0.22ms
max: 3.35ms
approx. 95 percentile: 0.27ms
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 10000.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 2.2347/0.00
补充：
查看CPU信息方法
查看物理cpu个数
grep "physical id" /proc/cpuinfo | sort -u | wc -l
查看核心数量
grep "core id" /proc/cpuinfo | sort -u | wc -l
查看线程数量
grep "processor" /proc/cpuinfo | sort -u | wc -l
在sysbench的测试中，--num-threads取值为"线程数量"即可
3.3 线程(thread)测试
测试线程调度器的性能。对于高负载情况下测试线程调度器的行为非常有用
shell> sysbench --test=threads --num-threads=64 --thread-yields=100 --thread-locks=2 run
sysbench 0.5: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 64
Random number generator seed is 0 and will be ignored
Threads started!
Test execution summary:
total time: 1.9581s
total number of events: 10000
total time taken by event execution: 124.8938s
per-request statistics:
min: 0.05ms
avg: 12.49ms
max: 151.15ms
approx. 95 percentile: 50.83ms
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 156.2500/14.48
execution time (avg/stddev): 1.9515/0.00
3.4 文件IO性能测试
- 生成需要的测试文件，文件总大小5G，16个并发线程。执行完后会在当前目录下生成一堆小文件。
shell> sysbench --test=fileio --num-threads=16 --file-total-size=5G prepare
- 执行测试，指定随机读写模式
指定读写模式：
- seqwr 顺序写入
- seqrewr 顺序重写
- seqrd 顺序读取
- rndrd 随机读取
- rndwr 随机写入
- rndrw 混合随机读/写
shell> sysbench --test=fileio --num-threads=16 --init-rng=on --file-total-size=5G --file-test-mode=rndrw run
sysbench 0.5: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 16
Random number generator seed is 0 and will be ignored
Threads started!
Operations performed: 5999 reads, 4001 writes, 12800 Other = 22800 Total
Read 93.734Mb Written 62.516Mb Total transferred 156.25Mb (9.2561Mb/sec) ##吞吐量
592.39 Requests/sec executed
Test execution summary:
total time: 16.8808s
total number of events: 10000
total time taken by event execution: 176.1816s
per-request statistics:
min: 0.01ms
avg: 17.62ms
max: 416.73ms
approx. 95 percentile: 104.82ms
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 625.0000/62.39
execution time (avg/stddev): 11.0114/0.67
- 清除测试文件
shell> sysbench --test=fileio --num-threads=16 --file-total-size=5G cleanup
3.5 互斥锁(Mutex)测试
测试互斥锁的性能，方式是模拟所有线程在同一时刻并发运行，并都短暂请求互斥锁。
shell> sysbench --test=mutex --num-threads=16 --mutex-num=1024 --mutex-locks=10000 --mutex-loops=5000 run
sysbench 0.5: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 16
Random number generator seed is 0 and will be ignored
Threads started!
Test execution summary:
total time: 0.0135s
total number of events: 16
total time taken by event execution: 0.0411s
per-request statistics:
min: 0.70ms
avg: 2.57ms
max: 9.19ms
approx. 95 percentile: 9.16ms
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 1.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 0.0026/0.00
3.6 内存测试
内存测试测试了内存的连续读写性能。
shell> sysbench --test=memory --num-threads=16 --memory-block-size=8192 --memory-total-size=1G run
sysbench 0.5: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 16
Random number generator seed is 0 and will be ignored
Threads started!
Operations performed: 131072 (381158.38 ops/sec)
1024.00 MB transferred (2977.80 MB/sec) ##吞吐量
Test execution summary:
total time: 0.3439s
total number of events: 131072
total time taken by event execution: 3.9915s
per-request statistics:
min: 0.00ms
avg: 0.03ms
max: 51.02ms
approx. 95 percentile: 0.00ms ##大约95%的时间分布
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 8192.0000/1166.77
execution time (avg/stddev): 0.2495/0.02
相关参考：
《sysbench安装、使用、结果解读》
《sysbench 0.5 基准测试》
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