关联容器使用举例

1. 题目：学习计划进度检测程序
定义一个vector容器，存储你在未来六个月里要阅读的书籍，再定义一个set，
用来记录你看过的书名，编写程序从vector中为你选择一本没有读过而现在要读的书。
当它为你返回选中的书名时，应该讲该书名放入记录已读书目的set中。如果实际上你把
这本书放在一边没有看，则本程序应该支持从已读书目的set中将该记录删除。
在虚拟的6个月后，输出已读书目和还没有读的书目。

考查set容器

#include<iostream>
#include<set>
#include<vector>
#include<string>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<ctime>

using namespace std;


int main(){
	
	vector<string> books;
	set<string> readedBooks;
	string name;

	cout<<"Enter books to read:"<<endl;
	
	while(cin>>name){
		books.push_back(name);
	}

	cin.clear();

	bool timeOver=false;
	string answer,bookName;
	srand((unsigned)time(NULL));

	while(!timeOver && !books.empty() ){
		//时间未到六个月且还有书没有读过
		cout<<"Would you like to read a book?(yes/no)"<<endl;
		cin>>answer;
		if(anser[0]=='y'||answer[0]=='Y'){
			int i=rand%books.size();
			bookName=books[i];

			cout<<"you can read this book: "<<bookName<<endl;

			readedBooks.insert(bookName);
			books.erase(books.begin()+i);

			cout<<"Did you read it? (yes/no)"<<endl;
			cin>>answer;
			if(answer[0]=='n' ||answer[0]=='N'){
				readedBooks.erase(bookName);
				books.push_back(bookName);
			}
			cout<<"Time is over?(yes/no)"<<endl;

			cin>>answer;
			
			if(answer[0]=='Y'|| answer[0]=='y'){
				timeOver=true;

			}
		}

	}//?? end of while
	
	if(timeOver){

		//输出已经读的书目
		cout<<" books read:"<<endl;
		for(set<string>::iter=readedBooks.begin();
		iter!=readedBooks.end();++iter){
			cout<< *iter << endl;	
		}

		//输出还未读的书目
		cout<<"books not read: "<<endl;
		for(vector<string>::iterator vit=books.begin();
		vit!=books.end();++vit){
			cout<<*vit<<endl;
		}
	}else{
		cout<<"All books have readed "<<endl;
	}

	return 0;
}

2. 题目：通过姓氏查询所有孩子姓名
定义一个map对象，其元素的键是家族姓氏，而值则是家族孩子的名字的vector对象；
为这个map容器输入至少六个条目。通过家族姓氏的查询，检测你的程序，
查询应该输出家族所有孩子的名字。

考查map容器

#include<iostream>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

int main(){
	map<string,vector<string> > nameBook;
	
	string familyName;
	string childName;
	string searchName;


	cout<<"input family name:\n";
	while(cin>>familyName){
		cin.clear();
		//如果姓氏已经存在，则continue
		if( nameBook.count(familyName) ){
			cout<<"already in book\n";
			continue;
		}
		
		cout<<"input children's name:\n";
		while(cin>>childName){
			nameBook[familyName].push_back(childName);
			cin.clear();
		}

	}
	
	cout<<"input the family you want to search:\n";

	cin>>searchName;

/*	if( ! nameBook.count[searchName] )
		cout<<"not found"<<endl;*/
	
	map< string,vector<string> >::const_iterator iter=nameBook.find(searchName);

	if(iter==nameBook.end() )
		cout<<"not found"<<endl;
	else{
		vector<string>::const_iterator iter2=iter->second.begin();
		while(iter2!=iter->second.end()){
			cout<<iter->first<<" "<<*iter2<<endl;
			++iter2;
		}
	}
		


	return 0;
}