Spring MVC事务配置（简）

最新推荐文章于 2022-11-21 21:50:57 发布

七秒鱼丶

最新推荐文章于 2022-11-21 21:50:57 发布

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分类专栏： Java框架文章标签： spring mvc spring mvc

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u011900495/article/details/53084022

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少一点废话，多一些代码

一、XML，使用tx标签配置拦截器实现事务

Entity类User.java，持久化类，对应数据库表user 代码如下：

package com.demo.entity;
import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity(name="users")
public class Users { 
     public Users(){ 
         super();
     } 
@Id 
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO) 
@Column(name="id") 
private Integer id;

@Column(name="user_name",length=32) 
private String user_name; 
@Column(name="age") 
private Integer age; 
@Column(name="nice_name",length=32) 
private String nice_name; 
//属性实现......
}

UserDAO.javar，表user的一些操作，其中属性sessionFactory应该由Spring注入，代码如下：

package com.demo.dao;
import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.demo.entity.Users;

public class UsersDAO { 
     private SessionFactory sessionFactory; 
     public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) { 
         this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory; 
     } 
     public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() { 
         return sessionFactory; 
     } 
     public List<Users> getAllUser(){ 
         String hsql="from users"; 
         Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession(); 
         Query query = session.createQuery(hsql);
         return query.list(); 
     }
}

UserService.java，业务实现类，代码如下：

package com.demo.service;
 import javax.annotation.Resource;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
 import com.demo.dao.*;

 public class UserService { 
     private UsersDAO userDao; 
     public int userCount(){ 
     return userDao.getAllUser().size(); 
 } 
 public UsersDAO getUserDao() { 
     return userDao; 
 }
 public void setUserDao(UsersDAO userDao) { 
    this.userDao = userDao; 
 }
}

首先看一下xml配置，spring-hibernate.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd "> 

<!-- Hibernate4 -->
<!-- 加载资源文件 其中包含变量信息，必须在Spring配置文件的最前面加载，即第一个加载-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:persistence-mysql.properties" /> 
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
     <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> 
     <property name="packagesToScan"> 
         <list> <!-- 可以加多个包 --> 
             <value>com.demo.entity</value>
         </list> 
     </property> 
     <property name="hibernateProperties"> 
         <props> 
             <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> 
             <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop> 
             <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop> 
             <!-- <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop> --> 
         </props> 
     </property>
</bean> 

<!-- 数据库映射 --> 
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> 
     <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" /> 
     <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> 
     <property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}" /> 
     <property name="password" value="${jdbc.pass}" />
</bean> 

<!-- 配置Hibernate事务管理器 --> 
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
     <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
</bean> 

<!-- 配置事务异常封装 --> 
<bean id="persistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" 
     class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" /> 
    <!-- 声明式容器事务管理 ,transaction-manager指定事务管理器为transactionManager --> 
     <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
         <tx:attributes> 
               <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> 
               <tx:method name="get*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> 
              <tx:method name="*" read-only="true" /> 
          </tx:attributes> 
     </tx:advice> 
     <aop:config expose-proxy="true"> 
         <!-- 只对业务逻辑层实施事务 -->
         <aop:pointcut id="txPointcut" expression="execution(* com.demo.service..*.*(..))" /> 
         <!-- Advisor定义，切入点和通知分别为txPointcut、txAdvice --> 
         <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="txPointcut" advice-ref="txAdvice"/> 
     </aop:config> 
</beans>

小结：
其中主要配置中是tx:advice和aop:config两个配置节，以Spring AOP的方式实现事务管理。

tx:advice配置了事务的管理者是transactionManager，同时tx:method也规定了如果方法名匹配“add*”和“get*”方法时使用事务，propagation是设定事务的传播级别。除了“add*”和“get*”方法，其他的方法的事务是只读的（典型地，对于只执行查询的事务你会将该属性设为true，如果出现了更新、插入或是删除语句时只读事务就会失败）

aop:config指定了一个aop:pointcut去引用上边的advice。

这样就通过AOP的拦截机制实现了事务，当然你还要用Spring的方式自己配置UserDAO和UserService。

二 Annotation方式

第一步，首先看一下web.xml，如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" 
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> 

<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> 
<context-param> 
     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
     <param-value>classpath:/spring-*.xml</param-value> 
</context-param> 

<listener> 
     <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
</listener> 

<servlet> 
     <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> 
     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> 
     <init-param> 
         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
         <param-value>classpath:/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value> 
     </init-param> 
     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 
</servlet> 
<servlet-mapping> 
     <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> 
     <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 
</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

第二步，spring-hibernate配置，见以下spring-hibernate.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd "> 

<!-- Hibernate4 --> 
<!-- 加载资源文件 其中包含变量信息，必须在Spring配置文件的最前面加载，即第一个加载--> 
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:persistence-mysql.properties" />
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
     <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> 
     <property name="packagesToScan"> 
         <list> <!-- 可以加多个包 --> 
             <value>com.demo.entity</value> 
         </list> 
     </property>
     <property name="hibernateProperties"> 
         <props> 
             <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> 
             <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop> 
             <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop> 
             <!-- <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop> --> 
         </props> 
     </property> 
     </bean> 
     <!-- 数据库映射 --> 
     <!-- class="org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource" --> 
     <!-- class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" --> 
     <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> 
         <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" /> 
         <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> 
         <property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}" /> 
         <property name="password" value="${jdbc.pass}" /> 
     </bean>
      <!-- 配置Hibernate事务管理器 --> 
     <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
     </bean> 
     <!-- 配置事务异常封装 --> 
     <bean id="persistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor"    
      class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" />

</beans>

第一节中xml配置事务中需要通过配置tx:advice和aop:config来增加事务的功能。此处采用全注释方法，这两个配置节就不需要了。
相应的需要在视图解析配置中启用注释，如下dispatcher-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd "> 

<!-- 启动自动扫描 该包下所有的Bean(@Controller) --> 
<context:component-scan base-package="com.demo" /> 

<!-- 基于注释的事务，当注释中发现@Transactional时，使用id为“transactionManager”的事务管理器 -->
<!-- 如果没有设置transaction-manager的值，则spring以缺省默认的事务管理器来处理事务，默认事务管理器为第一个加载的事务管理器 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> 

<!-- 定义视图解析器 --> 
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> 
     <property name="prefix"> 
          <value>/WEB-INF/user/</value> 
     </property> 
     <property name="suffix"> 
         <value>.jsp</value> 
     </property> 
</bean> <

</beans>

UserDAO如下

package com.demo.dao;
 import java.util.List;
 import javax.annotation.Resource;
 import org.hibernate.Query;
 import org.hibernate.Session;
 import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
 import com.demo.entity.Users;

@Repository
 public class UsersDAO { 
     @Resource(name="sessionFactory") 
     private SessionFactory sessionFactory; 
     public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) { 
         this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory; 
     } 
     public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() { 
         return sessionFactory; 
     } 
     public List<Users> getAllUser(){ 
         String hsql="from users"; 
         Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession(); 
         Query query = session.createQuery(hsql);
        return query.list(); 
     }
}

UserService.java如下

package com.demo.service;
 import javax.annotation.Resource;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
 import com.demo.dao.*;

@Service("userService")
 public class UserService { 
     @Resource 
     private UsersDAO userDao; 
     @Transactional 
     public int userCount(){ 
         return userDao.getAllUser().size(); 
     } 
     public UsersDAO getUserDao() { 
         return userDao; 
     } 
     public void setUserDao(UsersDAO userDao) { 
         this.userDao = userDao; 
     } 
}