java网络编程netty的tcp粘包和拆包

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-15 11:59:26 发布

红豆和绿豆

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-15 11:59:26 发布

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简单一句话总结：自定义协议 --》byteBuf传输

byteBuf---->自定义协议

业务自己开发编码和解码器 + 自定义handler处理自己的协议。同时解决tcp的粘包和拆包的问题

tcp出现粘包和拆包的一个基本的demo

package io.netty.tcp;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;


public class MyServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {


    @Override
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline();
        pipeline.addLast(new MyServerHandler());
    }
}

package io.netty.tcp;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

import java.util.UUID;

public class MyServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<ByteBuf> {

    private  int count;


    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, ByteBuf byteBuf) throws Exception {

        byte[] bytes=new byte[byteBuf.readableBytes()];
        //从bytebuf】读取数据到byte数组中
        byteBuf.readBytes(bytes);

        //byte【】 转换为String
        String message = new String(bytes, CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
        System.out.println("客户端输入"+message );
        System.out.println("服务器端接收到消息量"+(++this.count));


        //服务器回送数据给客户端

        ByteBuf replayMessage = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
        channelHandlerContext.writeAndFlush(replayMessage);

    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        ctx.channel().close();
    }
}

package io.netty.tcp;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;


/**
 *
 */
public class MyServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        EventLoopGroup workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup,workGroup).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class).
                    childHandler(new MyServerInitializer());

            ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(7000).sync();
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();

        }finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }

    }
}

package io.netty.tcp;


import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;

public class MyClientInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {


    @Override
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline();
        pipeline.addLast(new MyClientHandler());
    }
}

package io.netty.tcp;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;


public class MyClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<ByteBuf> {


    private int count;
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, ByteBuf byteBuf) throws Exception {

        byte[] bytes=new byte[byteBuf.readableBytes()];
        byteBuf.readBytes(bytes);
        System.out.println("客户端接收到服务端的返回数据"+new String(bytes,CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        System.out.println("客户端接收次数"+(++this.count));
    }

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {

        //客户端循环发送10条数据
        for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
            ByteBuf buf = Unpooled.copiedBuffer("hello server" + i, CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
            ctx.writeAndFlush(buf);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}

package io.netty.tcp;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;

/**
 *
 */
public class MyClient {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
            bootstrap.group(group).channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                    .handler(new MyClientInitializer());
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect("localhost", 7000);
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();

        }finally {
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

ddsss

package io.netty.protocoltcp;

/**
 * 自定义协议 协议包
 */
public class MessageProtocol {

    private int len;

    private byte[] content;

    public MessageProtocol(int length, byte[] content) {
        this.len = length;
        this.content = content;
    }

    public MessageProtocol() {
    }

    public int getLen() {
        return len;
    }

    public void setLen(int len) {
        this.len = len;
    }

    public byte[] getContent() {
        return content;
    }

    public void setContent(byte[] content) {
        this.content = content;
    }
}

package io.netty.protocoltcp;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;

/**
 *
 */
public class MyClient {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
            bootstrap.group(group).channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                    .handler(new MyClientInitializer());
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect("localhost", 7000);
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();

        }finally {
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

package io.netty.protocoltcp;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;


public class MyClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<MessageProtocol> {


    private int count;

    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, MessageProtocol messageProtocol) throws Exception {

        System.out.println("客户端收到服务端消息"+new String(messageProtocol.getContent(),CharsetUtil.UTF_8));

    }


    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {

        //客户端循环发送10条数据 今天天气好
        for (int i=0;i<5;i++){
            String message="今天天气好";
            byte[] bytes = message.getBytes(CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
            int length = message.getBytes(CharsetUtil.UTF_8).length;
            MessageProtocol messageProtocol=new MessageProtocol();
            messageProtocol.setLen(length);
            messageProtocol.setContent(bytes);

            ctx.writeAndFlush(messageProtocol);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}

package io.netty.protocoltcp;


import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;

public class MyClientInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {


    @Override
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline();
        pipeline.addLast(new MyMessageEncoder());
        pipeline.addLast(new MyMessageDecoder());
        pipeline.addLast(new MyClientHandler());
    }
}

package io.netty.protocoltcp;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.handler.codec.ReplayingDecoder;

import java.util.List;

public class MyMessageDecoder extends ReplayingDecoder<Void> {

    @Override
    protected void decode(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, ByteBuf byteBuf, List<Object> list) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("MyMessageDecoder#decode");
        //将byteBuf 二进制字节码转化为 MessageProtocol
        int len = byteBuf.readInt();
        byte[] content=new byte[len];
        byteBuf.readBytes(content);

        MessageProtocol messageProtocol=new MessageProtocol();
        messageProtocol.setLen(len);
        messageProtocol.setContent(content);
        //传递给下一个channelhandler进行处理
        list.add(messageProtocol);

    }
}

package io.netty.protocoltcp;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.handler.codec.MessageToByteEncoder;

public class MyMessageEncoder extends MessageToByteEncoder<MessageProtocol> {


    @Override
    protected void encode(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, MessageProtocol messageProtocol, ByteBuf byteBuf) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("MyMessageEncoder#encode");
        byteBuf.writeInt(messageProtocol.getLen());
        byteBuf.writeBytes(messageProtocol.getContent());

    }
}

package io.netty.protocoltcp;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;


/**
 *
 */
public class MyServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        EventLoopGroup workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup,workGroup).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class).
                    childHandler(new MyServerInitializer());

            ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(7000).sync();
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();

        }finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }

    }
}

package io.netty.protocoltcp;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

import java.util.UUID;

public class MyServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<MessageProtocol> {

    private  int count;


    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, MessageProtocol messageProtocol) throws Exception {
        byte[] bytes=new byte[messageProtocol.getLen()];
        String message = new String(bytes, CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
        System.out.println("客户端输入message"+message );
        System.out.println("客户端输入len"+messageProtocol.getLen() );

        System.out.println("服务器端接收到消息量"+(++this.count));

        //服务器回送数据给客户端
        MessageProtocol messageProtocol1=new MessageProtocol();
        String s = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        messageProtocol1.setLen(s.length());
        messageProtocol1.setContent(s.getBytes());
        channelHandlerContext.writeAndFlush(messageProtocol1);
    }



    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        ctx.channel().close();
    }
}

package io.netty.protocoltcp;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;


public class MyServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {


    @Override
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline();
        pipeline.addLast(new MyMessageDecoder());
        pipeline.addLast(new MyMessageEncoder());
        pipeline.addLast(new MyServerHandler());
    }
}