IPMI

1 什么是IPMI?

IPMI是智能平台管理接口 (IPMI) 是一种开放标准的硬件管理接口规格，定义了嵌入式管理子系统进行通信的特定方法。

IPMI 信息通过基板管理控制器 (BMC)（位于 IPMI 规格的硬件组件上）进行交流。使用低级硬件智能管理而不使用操作系统进行管理，具有两个主要优点：  

        首先，此配置允许进行带外服务器管理；

        其次，操作系统不必负担传输系统状态数据的任务。

IPMI可以远程给服务器重装系统，控制服务器电源的开机，关键和重启。当我们使用网络方式远程登录（远程桌面或者SSH）失败时，可以通过IPMI进行服务器的维护。专业点的理解就是 IPMI可以通过带外的方式来管理我们的服务器。

2 如何配置IPMI

参考：

http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/4dc40848b940d5c8d846f151.html

3 使用 ipmitool 实现 Linux 系统下对服务器的 ipmi 管理

参考：

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-ipmi/index.html

http://servers.pconline.com.cn/evaluating/0808/1385312_all.html

4 总结

参考：

http://www.chenshake.com/summary-of-ipmi/

5 OpenIPMI

http://openipmi.sourceforge.net/?cm_mc_uid=27136063034614616836501&cm_mc_sid_50200000=1462961491

6 IPMI tool

So installation is just:

yum install OpenIPMI OpenIPMI-tools
chkconfig ipmi on
service ipmi start

and then from the local machine you can use ipmitool to access andmanipulate all kinds of useful stuff:

# IPMI commands
ipmitool help
man ipmitool

# To check firmware version
ipmitool mc info
# To reset the management controller
ipmitool mc reset [ warm | cold ]

# Show field-replaceable-unit details
ipmitool fru print

# Show sensor output
ipmitool sdr list
ipmitool sdr type list
ipmitool sdr type Temperature
ipmitool sdr type Fan
ipmitool sdr type 'Power Supply'

# Chassis commands
ipmitool chassis status
ipmitool chassis identify [<interval>]   # turn on front panel identify light (default 15s)
ipmitool [chassis] power soft            # initiate a soft-shutdown via acpi
ipmitool [chassis] power cycle           # issue a hard power off, wait 1s, power on
ipmitool [chassis] power off             # issue a hard power off
ipmitool [chassis] power on              # issue a hard power on
ipmitool [chassis] power reset           # issue a hard reset

# Modify boot device for next reboot
ipmitool chassis bootdev pxe
ipmitool chassis bootdev cdrom
ipmitool chassis bootdev bios

# Logging
ipmitool sel info
ipmitool sel list
ipmitool sel elist                       # extended list (see manpage)
ipmitool sel clear

For remote access, you need to setup user and network settings, either at boot timeon the DRAC card itself, or from the OS via ipmitool:

# Display/reset password for default root user (userid '2')
ipmitool user list 1
ipmitool user set password 2 <new_password>

# Display/configure lan settings
ipmitool lan print 1
ipmitool lan set 1 ipsrc [ static | dhcp ]
ipmitool lan set 1 ipaddr 192.168.1.101
ipmitool lan set 1 netmask 255.255.255.0
ipmitool lan set 1 defgw ipaddr 192.168.1.254

Once this is configured you should be able to connect using the 'lan' interfaceto ipmitool, like this:

ipmitool -I lan -U root -H 192.168.1.101 chassis status

which will prompt you for your ipmi root password, or you can do the following:

echo <new_password> > ~/.racpasswd
chmod 600 ~/.racpasswd

and then use that password file instead of manually entering it each time:

ipmitool -I lan -U root -f ~/.racpasswd -H 192.168.1.101 chassis status

I'm using an 'ipmi' alias that looks like this:

alias ipmi='ipmitool -I lan -U root -f ~/.racpasswd -H'

# which then allows you to do the much shorter:
ipmi 192.168.1.101 chassis status
# OR
ipmi <hostname> chassis status

Finally, if you configure serial console redirection in the bios as follows:

Serial Communication -> Serial Communication:       On with Console Redirection via COM2
Serial Communication -> External Serial Connector:  COM2
Serial Communication -> Redirection After Boot:     Disabled

then you can setup standard serial access in grub.conf and inittab on com2/ttyS1and get serial console access via IPMI serial-over-lan using the 'lanplus' interface:

ipmitool -I lanplus -U root -f ~/.racpasswd -H 192.168.1.101 sol activate

which I typically use via a shell function:

# ipmi serial-over-lan function
isol() {
   if [ -n "$1" ]; then
       ipmitool -I lanplus -U root -f ~/.racpasswd -H $1 sol activate
   else
       echo "usage: sol <sol_ip>"
   fi
}

# used like:
isol 192.168.1.101
isol <hostname>

参考：http://www.openfusion.net/linux/ipmi_on_centos