1 配置hostonly
http://blog.csdn.net/hzhsan/article/details/45224371
http://blog.csdn.net/qidizi/article/details/45914713
2 配置vm
zhai@zhai:~$ ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:f1:42:26
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fef1:4226/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:2 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:34 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:329 (329.0 B) TX bytes:6298 (6.2 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:171 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:171 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:12240 (12.2 KB) TX bytes:12240 (12.2 KB)
zhai@zhai:~$ sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.55.5 netmask 255.255.255.0
[sudo] password for zhai:
zhai@zhai:~$ ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:f1:42:26
inet addr:192.168.55.5 Bcast:192.168.55.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fef1:4226/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:153 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:587 (587.0 B) TX bytes:28868 (28.8 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:219 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:219 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:15888 (15.8 KB) TX bytes:15888 (15.8 KB)
zhai@zhai:~$ route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
192.168.55.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
使用route 命令添加的路由,机器重启或网卡重启后路由会失效。
zhai@zhai:~$ sudo route add default gw 192.168.1.250
SIOCADDRT: Network is unreachable
zhai@zhai:~$ sudo route add default gw 192.168.55.1
zhai@zhai:~$ route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.55.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.55.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
zhai@zhai:~$ ping 192.168.1.117
PING 192.168.1.117 (192.168.1.117) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.1.117: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.897 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.117: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.530 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.117: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=0.517 ms
^C
--- 192.168.1.117 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.517/0.648/0.897/0.176 ms
zhai@zhai:~$ ping www.baidu.com
ping: unknown host www.baidu.com
修改/etc/resolv.conf
当然这个方法是临时的,你下一次重启或者重启网络服务之后,就会失效
zhai@zhai:~$ sudo vi /etc/resolv
resolvconf/ resolv.conf
zhai@zhai:~$ sudo vi /etc/resolv
resolvconf/ resolv.conf
zhai@zhai:~$ sudo vi /etc/resolv.conf
zhai@zhai:~$ ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (61.135.169.121) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 61.135.169.121: icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=9.66 ms
64 bytes from 61.135.169.121: icmp_seq=2 ttl=51 time=4.82 ms
64 bytes from 61.135.169.121: icmp_seq=3 ttl=51 time=52.1 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2006ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 4.821/22.221/52.176/21.273 ms
zhai@zhai:~$ cat /etc/resolv.conf
# Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8)
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN
nameserver 202.106.116.1
zhai@zhai:~$ ping 192.168.16.120
PING 192.168.16.120 (192.168.16.120) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.16.120: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=1.99 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.16.120: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=1.46 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.16.120: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=1.45 ms
^C
--- 192.168.16.120 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2006ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.457/1.637/1.994/0.252 ms
zhai@zhai:~$
方法一 通过/etc/network/interfaces,在它的最后增加一句:
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8
方法二 通过修改:
sudo vi /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base(这个文件默认是空的)
在里面插入:
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
如果有多个DNS就一行一个
修改好保存,然后执行
sudo resolvconf -u
修改网卡的配置文件,这个是最主要的方式,可以永久保存。
注意不是/etc/resolv.conf,而是/etc/rc.local文件。
route add default gw 192.168.55.1
VirtualBox Host-only理解与实践
1 概念理解
host-only顾名思义,这种技术提供的是主机和虚拟机之间的网络互访,而不是虚拟机访问internet的技术。
在某些特殊的网络调试环境中,要求将真实环境和虚拟环境隔离开(就是说不希望外网环境访问虚拟机,也不希望虚拟机访问外网环境),这时你就可采用host-only模式。在host-only模式中,所有的虚拟系统是可以相互通信的,但虚拟系统和真实的网络是被隔离开的。
提示:在host-only模式下,虚拟系统和宿主机器系统是可以相互通信的,相当于这两台机器通过双绞线互连。
可以利用Windows 里面自带的Internet连接共享(实际上是一个简单的路由NAT)来让虚拟机通过主机真实的网卡进行外网的访问虚拟系统的TCP/IP配置信息(如IP地址网关地址DNS服务器等),都是由VirtualBox Host-Only虚拟网络的DHCP服务器来动态分配的。
2 VirtualBox知识点补充