C#使用com获取Windows摄像头名称列表

前言

想使用ffmpeg打开摄像头，需要输入摄像头的名称，而ffmpeg本身的枚举摄像头列表功能不是接口
，所以需要用其他方式获取到设备列表。C++获取视频设备列表的方法有不少，但C#获取视频设备列表的方法网上提供的解决方案基本都是依赖第三方库的，为了获取视频设备列表而引入一整个视频库实在是不太必要。经过思考，Windows的directshow和mediafudation都是基于com的，而且C#对com的支持是很好的，基于上述两点我们完全可以在C#中直接调用com。

完整代码：

public class CameraDevices
    {

        public static int HighScannerIndex = -1;
        public static int CameraNum = 0;
        public static int CameraIndex = -1;
        /// <summary>
        /// 枚举视频设备
        /// </summary>
        public static IEnumerable<string> Devices
        {
            get
            {
                IMoniker[] monikers = new IMoniker[5];
                var devEnum = Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetTypeFromCLSID(SystemDeviceEnum)) as ICreateDevEnum;
                IEnumMoniker moniker;
                if (devEnum.CreateClassEnumerator(VideoInputDevice, out moniker, 0) == 0)
                {
                    while (true)
                    {
                        int hr = moniker.Next(1, monikers, IntPtr.Zero);
                        if (hr != 0 || monikers[0] == null)
                            break;
                        yield return GetName(monikers[0]);
                        foreach (var i in monikers)
                        {
                            if (i != null)
                                Marshal.ReleaseComObject(i);
                        }
                    }
                    Marshal.ReleaseComObject(moniker);
                }
                Marshal.ReleaseComObject(devEnum);
            }
        }

        public static Dictionary<string,string> GetCameraInfos()
        {
            Dictionary<string, string> keyValuePairs = new Dictionary<string, string>();
            int num = 0;
            CameraNum = 0;
            foreach (var i in Devices)
            {
                if (i == "P1000S")
                    HighScannerIndex = num;
                else if (i == "USB Camera")
                {
                    CameraNum++;
                    CameraIndex = num;
                }
                   
                keyValuePairs.Add(num.ToString(), i);
                num++;
            }
            return keyValuePairs;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取设备名称
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="moniker"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        static string GetName(IMoniker moniker)
        {
            IPropertyBag property;
            object value;
            object temp = null;
            try
            {
                Guid guid = typeof(IPropertyBag).GUID;
                moniker.BindToStorage(null, null, ref guid, out temp);
                property = temp as IPropertyBag;
                int hr = property.Read("FriendlyName", out value, null);
                Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr);
                return value as string;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return null;
            }
            finally
            {
                if (temp != null)
                {
                    Marshal.ReleaseComObject(temp);
                }
            }
        }
        static readonly Guid SystemDeviceEnum = new Guid(0x62BE5D10, 0x60EB, 0x11D0, 0xBD, 0x3B, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xC9, 0x11, 0xCE, 0x86);
        static readonly Guid VideoInputDevice = new Guid(0x860BB310, 0x5D01, 0x11D0, 0xBD, 0x3B, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xC9, 0x11, 0xCE, 0x86);
        [Flags]
        enum CDef
        {
            None = 0x0,
            ClassDefault = 0x1,
            BypassClassManager = 0x2,
            ClassLegacy = 0x4,
            MeritAboveDoNotUse = 0x8,
            DevmonCMGRDevice = 0x10,
            DevmonDMO = 0x20,
            DevmonPNPDevice = 0x40,
            DevmonFilter = 0x80,
            DevmonSelectiveMask = 0xF0
        }
        [ComImport]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [Guid("3127CA40-446E-11CE-8135-00AA004BB851")]
        [InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
        interface IErrorLog
        {
            [PreserveSig]
            int AddError([In][MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszPropName, [In] System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.EXCEPINFO pExcepInfo);
        }
        [ComImport]
        [Localizable(false)]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [Guid("55272A00-42CB-11CE-8135-00AA004BB851")]
        [InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
        interface IPropertyBag
        {
            [PreserveSig]
            int Read([In][MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszPropName, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Struct)] out object pVar, [In] IErrorLog pErrorLog);

            [PreserveSig]
            int Write([In][MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszPropName, [In][MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Struct)] ref object pVar);
        }

        [ComImport]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [Guid("29840822-5B84-11D0-BD3B-00A0C911CE86")]
        [InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
        interface ICreateDevEnum
        {
            [PreserveSig]
            int CreateClassEnumerator([In][MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid pType, out IEnumMoniker ppEnumMoniker, [In] CDef dwFlags);
        }
    }

调用示例

//枚举摄像头
foreach (var i in CameraDevices.Devices)
{
    //打印摄像头名称
    Console.WriteLine(i);
}

结果

USB Camera
USB Camera
P1000S