LINUX安装Docker及Portainer可视化界面

Docker安装前提

Docker要求是64位Linux。内核必须在最小为3.10，使用命令： uname -r 来显示内核版本。

安装Docker

ubuntu命令安装

删除老版本

$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io

使用源安装

设置源

1. 刷新软件包索引

   $ sudo apt-get update
   

2. 安装相关软件包

   $ sudo apt-get install 
       apt-transport-https \
       ca-certificates \
       curl \
       software-properties-common
   

3. 添加Docker官方GPG密钥

   $ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
   $ sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88     //验证核实
   

   pub   rsa4096 2017-02-22 [SCEA]
       9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A  E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88
   uid           [ unknown] Docker Release (CE deb) <docker@docker.com>
   sub   rsa4096 2017-02-22 [S]
   

4. 添加稳定版本的源

   x86_64 / amd64架构

   $ sudo add-apt-repository \
   "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
   $(lsb_release -cs) \
   stable"
   

   armhf架构

   $ sudo add-apt-repository \
   "deb [arch=armhf] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
   $(lsb_release -cs) \
   stable"
   

安装DOCKER CE软件包

1. 刷新软件包索引

   $ sudo apt-get update
   

2. 安装最新版本的Docker CE

   $ sudo apt-get install docker-ce
   

验证安装是否正常

    $ sudo docker run hello-world

其他详细内容https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu/

centos命令安装

删除老版本

$ sudo yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-selinux \
                  docker-engine-selinux \
                  docker-engine

使用源安装

设置源

1. 刷新软件包索引

   $ sudo yum update
   

2. 安装相关软件包

   $ sudo yum install -y yum-utils \
   device-mapper-persistent-data \
   lvm2
   

3. 添加稳定版本的源

   x86_64 / amd64架构

   $ sudo yum-config-manager \
       --add-repo \
       https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
   

安装DOCKER CE软件包

1. 刷新软件包索引

   $ sudo yum update
   

2. 安装最新版本的Docker CE

   $ sudo yum install docker-ce
   

3. 启动docker

   $ sudo systemctl start docker
   

4. 开机启动docker

   $ sudo systemctl enable docker
   

5. 验证安装是否正常

   $ sudo docker run hello-world
   Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
   latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
   d1725b59e92d: Pull complete
   Digest: sha256:0add3ace90ecb4adbf7777e9aacf18357296e799f81cabc9fde470971e499788
   Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
   
   Hello from Docker!
   This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
   
   To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
   1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
   2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
       (amd64)
   3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
       executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
   4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
       to your terminal.
   
   To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
   $ docker run -it ubuntu bash
   
   Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
   https://hub.docker.com/
   
   For more examples and ideas, visit:
   https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
   

其他详细内容https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/centos/

何为Portainer?

Portainer是Docker的图形化管理工具，提供状态显示面板、应用模板快速部署、容器镜像网络数据卷的基本操作（包括上传下载镜像，创建容器等操作）、事件日志显示、容器控制台操作、Swarm集群和服务等集中管理和操作、登录用户管理和控制等功能。功能十分全面，基本能满足中小型单位对容器管理的全部需求。

Docker安装Portainer镜像

查询Portainer镜像

$ sudo docker search portainer
NAME                                   DESCRIPTION                                     STARS  OFFICIAL  AUTOMATED
portainer/portainer                    A simple to use management user interface fo…   859         
hypriot/rpi-portainer                  A web interface for the Docker engine. Dead …   37          
portainer/templates                    App Templates for Portainer http://portainer…   14      
portainer/agent                        An agent used to manage all the resources in…   12            
portainer/golang-builder               Utility to build Golang binaries.               2 
......

下载Portainer镜像

$ sudo docker pull portainer/portainer
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from portainer/portainer
d1e017099d17: Pull complete 
d4e5419541f5: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:07c0e19e28e18414dd02c313c36b293758acf197d5af45077e3dd69c630e25cc
Status: Downloaded newer image for portainer/portainer:latest

本地运行

命令行设置启动

$ sudo docker volume create portainer_data
$ sudo docker run -d -p 9000:9000 \
            --name portainer \
            --restart always \
            -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
            -v portainer_data:/data \
            portainer/portainer

浏览器访问设置

访问主机9000端口(9000为启动时配置端口)

选择本地运行模式

进入本地管理项目

管理当前容器列表

其他更多内容访问https://portainer.readthedocs.io/en/latest/