SpringBoot 自动加载之静态资源导入_springboot加载静态资源-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u012026406/article/details/127320684

上文书道 SpringBoot 的自动加载宛若魔法般的存在,而本章将讨论 SpringBoot 中静态资源的

spring:
  web:
    resources:
      static-locations: classpath:/resources/,classpath:/static/,classpath:/public/

server:
  port: 8081

原理分析

上述配置文件为 Spring 的主配置文件,可以看到这里涉及静态资源导入地址的配置项是spring.web.resources.static-locations,利用 idea 的跳转功能让我们一探究竟,按住 command加左键进入static-locations之后看到如下代码

/*
 * Copyright 2012-2020 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web;

import java.time.Duration;
import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.PropertyMapper;
import org.springframework.boot.convert.DurationUnit;
import org.springframework.http.CacheControl;

/**
 * {@link ConfigurationProperties Configuration properties} for general web concerns.
 *
 * @author Andy Wilkinson
 * @since 2.4.0
 */
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.web")
public class WebProperties {

	/**
	 * Locale to use. By default, this locale is overridden by the "Accept-Language"
	 * header.
	 */
	private Locale locale;

	/**
	 * Define how the locale should be resolved.
	 */
	private LocaleResolver localeResolver = LocaleResolver.ACCEPT_HEADER;

	private final Resources resources = new Resources();

	public Locale getLocale() {
		return this.locale;
	}

	public void setLocale(Locale locale) {
		this.locale = locale;
	}

	public LocaleResolver getLocaleResolver() {
		return this.localeResolver;
	}

	public void setLocaleResolver(LocaleResolver localeResolver) {
		this.localeResolver = localeResolver;
	}

	public Resources getResources() {
		return this.resources;
	}

	public enum LocaleResolver {

		/**
		 * Always use the configured locale.
		 */
		FIXED,

		/**
		 * Use the "Accept-Language" header or the configured locale if the header is not
		 * set.
		 */
		ACCEPT_HEADER

	}

	public static class Resources {

		private static final String[] CLASSPATH_RESOURCE_LOCATIONS = { "classpath:/META-INF/resources/",
				"classpath:/resources/", "classpath:/static/", "classpath:/public/" };

		/**
		 * Locations of static resources. Defaults to classpath:[/META-INF/resources/,
		 * /resources/, /static/, /public/].
		 */
		private String[] staticLocations = CLASSPATH_RESOURCE_LOCATIONS;

		/**
		 * Whether to enable default resource handling.
		 */
		private boolean addMappings = true;

		private boolean customized = false;

		private final Chain chain = new Chain();

		private final Cache cache = new Cache();

		public String[] getStaticLocations() {
			return this.staticLocations;
		}

		public void setStaticLocations(String[] staticLocations) {
			this.staticLocations = appendSlashIfNecessary(staticLocations);
			this.customized = true;
		}

		private String[] appendSlashIfNecessary(String[] staticLocations) {
			String[] normalized = new String[staticLocations.length];
			for (int i = 0; i < staticLocations.length; i++) {
				String location = staticLocations[i];
				normalized[i] = location.endsWith("/") ? location : location + "/";
			}
			return normalized;
		}

		public boolean isAddMappings() {
			return this.addMappings;
		}

		public void setAddMappings(boolean addMappings) {
			this.customized = true;
			this.addMappings = addMappings;
		}

		public Chain getChain() {
			return this.chain;
		}

		public Cache getCache() {
			return this.cache;
		}

		public boolean hasBeenCustomized() {
			return this.customized || getChain().hasBeenCustomized() || getCache().hasBeenCustomized();
		}

		/**
		 * Configuration for the Spring Resource Handling chain.
		 */
		public static class Chain {

			boolean customized = false;

			/**
			 * Whether to enable the Spring Resource Handling chain. By default, disabled
			 * unless at least one strategy has been enabled.
			 */
			private Boolean enabled;

			/**
			 * Whether to enable caching in the Resource chain.
			 */
			private boolean cache = true;

			/**
			 * Whether to enable resolution of already compressed resources (gzip,
			 * brotli). Checks for a resource name with the '.gz' or '.br' file
			 * extensions.
			 */
			private boolean compressed = false;

			private final Strategy strategy = new Strategy();

			/**
			 * Return whether the resource chain is enabled. Return {@code null} if no
			 * specific settings are present.
			 * @return whether the resource chain is enabled or {@code null} if no
			 * specified settings are present.
			 */
			public Boolean getEnabled() {
				return getEnabled(getStrategy().getFixed().isEnabled(), getStrategy().getContent().isEnabled(),
						this.enabled);
			}

			private boolean hasBeenCustomized() {
				return this.customized || getStrategy().hasBeenCustomized();
			}

			public void setEnabled(boolean enabled) {
				this.enabled = enabled;
				this.customized = true;
			}

			public boolean isCache() {
				return this.cache;
			}

			public void setCache(boolean cache) {
				this.cache = cache;
				this.customized = true;
			}

			public Strategy getStrategy() {
				return this.strategy;
			}

			public boolean isCompressed() {
				return this.compressed;
			}

			public void setCompressed(boolean compressed) {
				this.compressed = compressed;
				this.customized = true;
			}

			static Boolean getEnabled(boolean fixedEnabled, boolean contentEnabled, Boolean chainEnabled) {
				return (fixedEnabled || contentEnabled) ? Boolean.TRUE : chainEnabled;
			}

			/**
			 * Strategies for extracting and embedding a resource version in its URL path.
			 */
			public static class Strategy {

				private final Fixed fixed = new Fixed();

				private final Content content = new Content();

				public Fixed getFixed() {
					return this.fixed;
				}

				public Content getContent() {
					return this.content;
				}

				private boolean hasBeenCustomized() {
					return getFixed().hasBeenCustomized() || getContent().hasBeenCustomized();
				}

				/**
				 * Version Strategy based on content hashing.
				 */
				public static class Content {

					private boolean customized = false;

					/**
					 * Whether to enable the content Version Strategy.
					 */
					private boolean enabled;

					/**
					 * Comma-separated list of patterns to apply to the content Version
					 * Strategy.
					 */
					private String[] paths = new String[] { "/**" };

					public boolean isEnabled() {
						return this.enabled;
					}

					public void setEnabled(boolean enabled) {
						this.customized = true;
						this.enabled = enabled;
					}

					public String[] getPaths() {
						return this.paths;
					}

					public void setPaths(String[] paths) {
						this.customized = true;
						this.paths = paths;
					}

					private boolean hasBeenCustomized() {
						return this.customized;
					}

				}

				/**
				 * Version Strategy based on a fixed version string.
				 */
				public static class Fixed {

					private boolean customized = false;

					/**
					 * Whether to enable the fixed Version Strategy.
					 */
					private boolean enabled;

					/**
					 * Comma-separated list of patterns to apply to the fixed Version
					 * Strategy.
					 */
					private String[] paths = new String[] { "/**" };

					/**
					 * Version string to use for the fixed Version Strategy.
					 */
					private String version;

					public boolean isEnabled() {
						return this.enabled;
					}

					public void setEnabled(boolean enabled) {
						this.customized = true;
						this.enabled = enabled;
					}

					public String[] getPaths() {
						return this.paths;
					}

					public void setPaths(String[] paths) {
						this.customized = true;
						this.paths = paths;
					}

					public String getVersion() {
						return this.version;
					}

					public void setVersion(String version) {
						this.customized = true;
						this.version = version;
					}

					private boolean hasBeenCustomized() {
						return this.customized;
					}

				}

			}

		}

		/**
		 * Cache configuration.
		 */
		public static class Cache {

			private boolean customized = false;

			/**
			 * Cache period for the resources served by the resource handler. If a
			 * duration suffix is not specified, seconds will be used. Can be overridden
			 * by the 'spring.web.resources.cache.cachecontrol' properties.
			 */
			@DurationUnit(ChronoUnit.SECONDS)
			private Duration period;

			/**
			 * Cache control HTTP headers, only allows valid directive combinations.
			 * Overrides the 'spring.web.resources.cache.period' property.
			 */
			private final Cachecontrol cachecontrol = new Cachecontrol();

			/**
			 * Whether we should use the "lastModified" metadata of the files in HTTP
			 * caching headers.
			 */
			private boolean useLastModified = true;

			public Duration getPeriod() {
				return this.period;
			}

			public void setPeriod(Duration period) {
				this.customized = true;
				this.period = period;
			}

			public Cachecontrol getCachecontrol() {
				return this.cachecontrol;
			}

			public boolean isUseLastModified() {
				return this.useLastModified;
			}

			public void setUseLastModified(boolean useLastModified) {
				this.useLastModified = useLastModified;
			}

			private boolean hasBeenCustomized() {
				return this.customized || getCachecontrol().hasBeenCustomized();
			}

			/**
			 * Cache Control HTTP header configuration.
			 */
			public static class Cachecontrol {

				private boolean customized = false;

				/**
				 * Maximum time the response should be cached, in seconds if no duration
				 * suffix is not specified.
				 */
				@DurationUnit(ChronoUnit.SECONDS)
				private Duration maxAge;

				/**
				 * Indicate that the cached response can be reused only if re-validated
				 * with the server.
				 */
				private Boolean noCache;

				/**
				 * Indicate to not cache the response in any case.
				 */
				private Boolean noStore;

				/**
				 * Indicate that once it has become stale, a cache must not use the
				 * response without re-validating it with the server.
				 */
				private Boolean mustRevalidate;

				/**
				 * Indicate intermediaries (caches and others) that they should not
				 * transform the response content.
				 */
				private Boolean noTransform;

				/**
				 * Indicate that any cache may store the response.
				 */
				private Boolean cachePublic;

				/**
				 * Indicate that the response message is intended for a single user and
				 * must not be stored by a shared cache.
				 */
				private Boolean cachePrivate;

				/**
				 * Same meaning as the "must-revalidate" directive, except that it does
				 * not apply to private caches.
				 */
				private Boolean proxyRevalidate;

				/**
				 * Maximum time the response can be served after it becomes stale, in
				 * seconds if no duration suffix is not specified.
				 */
				@DurationUnit(ChronoUnit.SECONDS)
				private Duration staleWhileRevalidate;

				/**
				 * Maximum time the response may be used when errors are encountered, in
				 * seconds if no duration suffix is not specified.
				 */
				@DurationUnit(ChronoUnit.SECONDS)
				private Duration staleIfError;

				/**
				 * Maximum time the response should be cached by shared caches, in seconds
				 * if no duration suffix is not specified.
				 */
				@DurationUnit(ChronoUnit.SECONDS)
				private Duration sMaxAge;

				public Duration getMaxAge() {
					return this.maxAge;
				}

				public void setMaxAge(Duration maxAge) {
					this.customized = true;
					this.maxAge = maxAge;
				}

				public Boolean getNoCache() {
					return this.noCache;
				}

				public void setNoCache(Boolean noCache) {
					this.customized = true;
					this.noCache = noCache;
				}

				public Boolean getNoStore() {
					return this.noStore;
				}

				public void setNoStore(Boolean noStore) {
					this.customized = true;
					this.noStore = noStore;
				}

				public Boolean getMustRevalidate() {
					return this.mustRevalidate;
				}

				public void setMustRevalidate(Boolean mustRevalidate) {
					this.customized = true;
					this.mustRevalidate = mustRevalidate;
				}

				public Boolean getNoTransform() {
					return this.noTransform;
				}

				public void setNoTransform(Boolean noTransform) {
					this.customized = true;
					this.noTransform = noTransform;
				}

				public Boolean getCachePublic() {
					return this.cachePublic;
				}

				public void setCachePublic(Boolean cachePublic) {
					this.customized = true;
					this.cachePublic = cachePublic;
				}

				public Boolean getCachePrivate() {
					return this.cachePrivate;
				}

				public void setCachePrivate(Boolean cachePrivate) {
					this.customized = true;
					this.cachePrivate = cachePrivate;
				}

				public Boolean getProxyRevalidate() {
					return this.proxyRevalidate;
				}

				public void setProxyRevalidate(Boolean proxyRevalidate) {
					this.customized = true;
					this.proxyRevalidate = proxyRevalidate;
				}

				public Duration getStaleWhileRevalidate() {
					return this.staleWhileRevalidate;
				}

				public void setStaleWhileRevalidate(Duration staleWhileRevalidate) {
					this.customized = true;
					this.staleWhileRevalidate = staleWhileRevalidate;
				}

				public Duration getStaleIfError() {
					return this.staleIfError;
				}

				public void setStaleIfError(Duration staleIfError) {
					this.customized = true;
					this.staleIfError = staleIfError;
				}

				public Duration getSMaxAge() {
					return this.sMaxAge;
				}

				public void setSMaxAge(Duration sMaxAge) {
					this.customized = true;
					this.sMaxAge = sMaxAge;
				}

				public CacheControl toHttpCacheControl() {
					PropertyMapper map = PropertyMapper.get();
					CacheControl control = createCacheControl();
					map.from(this::getMustRevalidate).whenTrue().toCall(control::mustRevalidate);
					map.from(this::getNoTransform).whenTrue().toCall(control::noTransform);
					map.from(this::getCachePublic).whenTrue().toCall(control::cachePublic);
					map.from(this::getCachePrivate).whenTrue().toCall(control::cachePrivate);
					map.from(this::getProxyRevalidate).whenTrue().toCall(control::proxyRevalidate);
					map.from(this::getStaleWhileRevalidate).whenNonNull()
							.to((duration) -> control.staleWhileRevalidate(duration.getSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS));
					map.from(this::getStaleIfError).whenNonNull()
							.to((duration) -> control.staleIfError(duration.getSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS));
					map.from(this::getSMaxAge).whenNonNull()
							.to((duration) -> control.sMaxAge(duration.getSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS));
					// check if cacheControl remained untouched
					if (control.getHeaderValue() == null) {
						return null;
					}
					return control;
				}

				private CacheControl createCacheControl() {
					if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(this.noStore)) {
						return CacheControl.noStore();
					}
					if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(this.noCache)) {
						return CacheControl.noCache();
					}
					if (this.maxAge != null) {
						return CacheControl.maxAge(this.maxAge.getSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS);
					}
					return CacheControl.empty();
				}

				private boolean hasBeenCustomized() {
					return this.customized;
				}

			}

		}

	}

}

可以看到setStaticLocations() 方法其实就是将我们设置的值规范化后设置为该类的staticLocations属性作为上下文供 Spring 使用,并且当我们不设置时staticLocations属性的默认值为

private static final String[] CLASSPATH_RESOURCE_LOCATIONS = { "classpath:/META-INF/resources/",
      "classpath:/resources/", "classpath:/static/", "classpath:/public/" };

由此可见SpringBoot 中约定的 4 个默认静态资源配置地址是什么,但真的就这么简单吗?让我们继续往下看

可以看到WebProperties其实是被配置文件所注入的类, 并且属于package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web;该包下,进入org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfiguration.imports看一下该配置文件究竟是何方神圣

可以看到 web前缀后只有一个WebMvcAutoConfiguration是关于 web 配置的,进入代码

/*
 * Copyright 2012-2022 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet;

import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ListIterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.function.Consumer;

import javax.servlet.Servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.ListableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectProvider;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigureOrder;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnBean;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnClass;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnWebApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnWebApplication.Type;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpMessageConverters;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.task.TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.template.TemplateAvailabilityProviders;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.validation.ValidationAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.validation.ValidatorAdapter;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ConditionalOnEnabledResourceChain;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebProperties.Resources;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebProperties.Resources.Chain.Strategy;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.format.DateTimeFormatters;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.format.WebConversionService;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcProperties.Format;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.convert.ApplicationConversionService;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.filter.OrderedFormContentFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.filter.OrderedHiddenHttpMethodFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.filter.OrderedRequestContextFilter;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ResourceLoaderAware;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.core.io.ResourceLoader;
import org.springframework.core.task.AsyncTaskExecutor;
import org.springframework.format.FormatterRegistry;
import org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
import org.springframework.validation.DefaultMessageCodesResolver;
import org.springframework.validation.MessageCodesResolver;
import org.springframework.validation.Validator;
import org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException;
import org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManager;
import org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationStrategy;
import org.springframework.web.bind.support.ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.context.ServletContextAware;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.NativeWebRequest;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.ServletContextResource;
import org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter;
import org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter;
import org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.FlashMapManager;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ThemeResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.View;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.AsyncSupportConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ContentNegotiationConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.PathMatchConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceChainRegistration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurationSupport;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.FixedLocaleResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.EncodedResourceResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceUrlProvider;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.VersionResourceResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.util.UrlPathHelper;
import org.springframework.web.util.pattern.PathPatternParser;

/**
 * {@link EnableAutoConfiguration Auto-configuration} for {@link EnableWebMvc Web MVC}.
 *
 * @author Phillip Webb
 * @author Dave Syer
 * @author Andy Wilkinson
 * @author Sébastien Deleuze
 * @author Eddú Meléndez
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 * @author Kristine Jetzke
 * @author Bruce Brouwer
 * @author Artsiom Yudovin
 * @author Scott Frederick
 * @since 2.0.0
 */
@AutoConfiguration(after = { DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class, TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration.class,
		ValidationAutoConfiguration.class })
@ConditionalOnWebApplication(type = Type.SERVLET)
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class, WebMvcConfigurer.class })
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class)
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 10)
public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {

	/**
	 * The default Spring MVC view prefix.
	 */
	public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "";

	/**
	 * The default Spring MVC view suffix.
	 */
	public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = "";

	/**
	 * Instance of {@link PathPatternParser} shared across MVC and actuator configuration.
	 */
	public static final PathPatternParser pathPatternParser = new PathPatternParser();

	private static final String SERVLET_LOCATION = "/";

	@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.class)
	@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc.hiddenmethod.filter", name = "enabled")
	public OrderedHiddenHttpMethodFilter hiddenHttpMethodFilter() {
		return new OrderedHiddenHttpMethodFilter();
	}

	@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(FormContentFilter.class)
	@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc.formcontent.filter", name = "enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
	public OrderedFormContentFilter formContentFilter() {
		return new OrderedFormContentFilter();
	}

	// Defined as a nested config to ensure WebMvcConfigurer is not read when not
	// on the classpath
	@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
	@Import(EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class)
	@EnableConfigurationProperties({ WebMvcProperties.class, WebProperties.class })
	@Order(0)
	public static class WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter implements WebMvcConfigurer, ServletContextAware {

		private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(WebMvcConfigurer.class);

		private final Resources resourceProperties;

		private final WebMvcProperties mvcProperties;

		private final ListableBeanFactory beanFactory;

		private final ObjectProvider<HttpMessageConverters> messageConvertersProvider;

		private final ObjectProvider<DispatcherServletPath> dispatcherServletPath;

		private final ObjectProvider<ServletRegistrationBean<?>> servletRegistrations;

		private final ResourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer;

		private ServletContext servletContext;

		public WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter(WebProperties webProperties, WebMvcProperties mvcProperties,
				ListableBeanFactory beanFactory, ObjectProvider<HttpMessageConverters> messageConvertersProvider,
				ObjectProvider<ResourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer> resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizerProvider,
				ObjectProvider<DispatcherServletPath> dispatcherServletPath,
				ObjectProvider<ServletRegistrationBean<?>> servletRegistrations) {
			this.resourceProperties = webProperties.getResources();
			this.mvcProperties = mvcProperties;
			this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
			this.messageConvertersProvider = messageConvertersProvider;
			this.resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer = resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizerProvider.getIfAvailable();
			this.dispatcherServletPath = dispatcherServletPath;
			this.servletRegistrations = servletRegistrations;
			this.mvcProperties.checkConfiguration();
		}

		@Override
		public void setServletContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
			this.servletContext = servletContext;
		}

		@Override
		public void configureMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {
			this.messageConvertersProvider
					.ifAvailable((customConverters) -> converters.addAll(customConverters.getConverters()));
		}

		@Override
		public void configureAsyncSupport(AsyncSupportConfigurer configurer) {
			if (this.beanFactory.containsBean(TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration.APPLICATION_TASK_EXECUTOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
				Object taskExecutor = this.beanFactory
						.getBean(TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration.APPLICATION_TASK_EXECUTOR_BEAN_NAME);
				if (taskExecutor instanceof AsyncTaskExecutor) {
					configurer.setTaskExecutor(((AsyncTaskExecutor) taskExecutor));
				}
			}
			Duration timeout = this.mvcProperties.getAsync().getRequestTimeout();
			if (timeout != null) {
				configurer.setDefaultTimeout(timeout.toMillis());
			}
		}

		@Override
		public void configurePathMatch(PathMatchConfigurer configurer) {
			if (this.mvcProperties.getPathmatch()
					.getMatchingStrategy() == WebMvcProperties.MatchingStrategy.PATH_PATTERN_PARSER) {
				configurer.setPatternParser(pathPatternParser);
			}
			configurer.setUseSuffixPatternMatch(this.mvcProperties.getPathmatch().isUseSuffixPattern());
			configurer.setUseRegisteredSuffixPatternMatch(
					this.mvcProperties.getPathmatch().isUseRegisteredSuffixPattern());
			this.dispatcherServletPath.ifAvailable((dispatcherPath) -> {
				String servletUrlMapping = dispatcherPath.getServletUrlMapping();
				if (servletUrlMapping.equals("/") && singleDispatcherServlet()) {
					UrlPathHelper urlPathHelper = new UrlPathHelper();
					urlPathHelper.setAlwaysUseFullPath(true);
					configurer.setUrlPathHelper(urlPathHelper);
				}
			});
		}

		private boolean singleDispatcherServlet() {
			return this.servletRegistrations.stream().map(ServletRegistrationBean::getServlet)
					.filter(DispatcherServlet.class::isInstance).count() == 1;
		}

		@Override
		public void configureContentNegotiation(ContentNegotiationConfigurer configurer) {
			WebMvcProperties.Contentnegotiation contentnegotiation = this.mvcProperties.getContentnegotiation();
			configurer.favorPathExtension(contentnegotiation.isFavorPathExtension());
			configurer.favorParameter(contentnegotiation.isFavorParameter());
			if (contentnegotiation.getParameterName() != null) {
				configurer.parameterName(contentnegotiation.getParameterName());
			}
			Map<String, MediaType> mediaTypes = this.mvcProperties.getContentnegotiation().getMediaTypes();
			mediaTypes.forEach(configurer::mediaType);
		}

		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnMissingBean
		public InternalResourceViewResolver defaultViewResolver() {
			InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
			resolver.setPrefix(this.mvcProperties.getView().getPrefix());
			resolver.setSuffix(this.mvcProperties.getView().getSuffix());
			return resolver;
		}

		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnBean(View.class)
		@ConditionalOnMissingBean
		public BeanNameViewResolver beanNameViewResolver() {
			BeanNameViewResolver resolver = new BeanNameViewResolver();
			resolver.setOrder(Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE - 10);
			return resolver;
		}

		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnBean(ViewResolver.class)
		@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "viewResolver", value = ContentNegotiatingViewResolver.class)
		public ContentNegotiatingViewResolver viewResolver(BeanFactory beanFactory) {
			ContentNegotiatingViewResolver resolver = new ContentNegotiatingViewResolver();
			resolver.setContentNegotiationManager(beanFactory.getBean(ContentNegotiationManager.class));
			// ContentNegotiatingViewResolver uses all the other view resolvers to locate
			// a view so it should have a high precedence
			resolver.setOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE);
			return resolver;
		}

		@Override
		public MessageCodesResolver getMessageCodesResolver() {
			if (this.mvcProperties.getMessageCodesResolverFormat() != null) {
				DefaultMessageCodesResolver resolver = new DefaultMessageCodesResolver();
				resolver.setMessageCodeFormatter(this.mvcProperties.getMessageCodesResolverFormat());
				return resolver;
			}
			return null;
		}

		@Override
		public void addFormatters(FormatterRegistry registry) {
			ApplicationConversionService.addBeans(registry, this.beanFactory);
		}

		@Override
		public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
			if (!this.resourceProperties.isAddMappings()) {
				logger.debug("Default resource handling disabled");
				return;
			}
			addResourceHandler(registry, "/webjars/**", "classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/");
			addResourceHandler(registry, this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern(), (registration) -> {
				registration.addResourceLocations(this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations());
				if (this.servletContext != null) {
					ServletContextResource resource = new ServletContextResource(this.servletContext, SERVLET_LOCATION);
					registration.addResourceLocations(resource);
				}
			});
		}

		private void addResourceHandler(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry, String pattern, String... locations) {
			addResourceHandler(registry, pattern, (registration) -> registration.addResourceLocations(locations));
		}

		private void addResourceHandler(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry, String pattern,
				Consumer<ResourceHandlerRegistration> customizer) {
			if (registry.hasMappingForPattern(pattern)) {
				return;
			}
			ResourceHandlerRegistration registration = registry.addResourceHandler(pattern);
			customizer.accept(registration);
			registration.setCachePeriod(getSeconds(this.resourceProperties.getCache().getPeriod()));
			registration.setCacheControl(this.resourceProperties.getCache().getCachecontrol().toHttpCacheControl());
			registration.setUseLastModified(this.resourceProperties.getCache().isUseLastModified());
			customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(registration);
		}

		private Integer getSeconds(Duration cachePeriod) {
			return (cachePeriod != null) ? (int) cachePeriod.getSeconds() : null;
		}

		private void customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(ResourceHandlerRegistration registration) {
			if (this.resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer != null) {
				this.resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer.customize(registration);
			}
		}

		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnMissingBean({ RequestContextListener.class, RequestContextFilter.class })
		@ConditionalOnMissingFilterBean(RequestContextFilter.class)
		public static RequestContextFilter requestContextFilter() {
			return new OrderedRequestContextFilter();
		}

	}

	/**
	 * Configuration equivalent to {@code @EnableWebMvc}.
	 */
	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
	@EnableConfigurationProperties(WebProperties.class)
	public static class EnableWebMvcConfiguration extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration implements ResourceLoaderAware {

		private final Resources resourceProperties;

		private final WebMvcProperties mvcProperties;

		private final WebProperties webProperties;

		private final ListableBeanFactory beanFactory;

		private final WebMvcRegistrations mvcRegistrations;

		private ResourceLoader resourceLoader;

		public EnableWebMvcConfiguration(WebMvcProperties mvcProperties, WebProperties webProperties,
				ObjectProvider<WebMvcRegistrations> mvcRegistrationsProvider,
				ObjectProvider<ResourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer> resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizerProvider,
				ListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
			this.resourceProperties = webProperties.getResources();
			this.mvcProperties = mvcProperties;
			this.webProperties = webProperties;
			this.mvcRegistrations = mvcRegistrationsProvider.getIfUnique();
			this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
		}

		@Bean
		@Override
		public RequestMappingHandlerAdapter requestMappingHandlerAdapter(
				@Qualifier("mvcContentNegotiationManager") ContentNegotiationManager contentNegotiationManager,
				@Qualifier("mvcConversionService") FormattingConversionService conversionService,
				@Qualifier("mvcValidator") Validator validator) {
			RequestMappingHandlerAdapter adapter = super.requestMappingHandlerAdapter(contentNegotiationManager,
					conversionService, validator);
			adapter.setIgnoreDefaultModelOnRedirect(
					this.mvcProperties == null || this.mvcProperties.isIgnoreDefaultModelOnRedirect());
			return adapter;
		}

		@Override
		protected RequestMappingHandlerAdapter createRequestMappingHandlerAdapter() {
			if (this.mvcRegistrations != null) {
				RequestMappingHandlerAdapter adapter = this.mvcRegistrations.getRequestMappingHandlerAdapter();
				if (adapter != null) {
					return adapter;
				}
			}
			return super.createRequestMappingHandlerAdapter();
		}

		@Bean
		public WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping(ApplicationContext applicationContext,
				FormattingConversionService mvcConversionService, ResourceUrlProvider mvcResourceUrlProvider) {
			WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping = new WelcomePageHandlerMapping(
					new TemplateAvailabilityProviders(applicationContext), applicationContext, getWelcomePage(),
					this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern());
			welcomePageHandlerMapping.setInterceptors(getInterceptors(mvcConversionService, mvcResourceUrlProvider));
			welcomePageHandlerMapping.setCorsConfigurations(getCorsConfigurations());
			return welcomePageHandlerMapping;
		}

		@Override
		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = DispatcherServlet.LOCALE_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME)
		public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
			if (this.webProperties.getLocaleResolver() == WebProperties.LocaleResolver.FIXED) {
				return new FixedLocaleResolver(this.webProperties.getLocale());
			}
			AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver localeResolver = new AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver();
			localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(this.webProperties.getLocale());
			return localeResolver;
		}

		@Override
		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = DispatcherServlet.THEME_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME)
		public ThemeResolver themeResolver() {
			return super.themeResolver();
		}

		@Override
		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = DispatcherServlet.FLASH_MAP_MANAGER_BEAN_NAME)
		public FlashMapManager flashMapManager() {
			return super.flashMapManager();
		}

		private Resource getWelcomePage() {
			for (String location : this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations()) {
				Resource indexHtml = getIndexHtml(location);
				if (indexHtml != null) {
					return indexHtml;
				}
			}
			ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();
			if (servletContext != null) {
				return getIndexHtml(new ServletContextResource(servletContext, SERVLET_LOCATION));
			}
			return null;
		}

		private Resource getIndexHtml(String location) {
			return getIndexHtml(this.resourceLoader.getResource(location));
		}

		private Resource getIndexHtml(Resource location) {
			try {
				Resource resource = location.createRelative("index.html");
				if (resource.exists() && (resource.getURL() != null)) {
					return resource;
				}
			}
			catch (Exception ex) {
			}
			return null;
		}

		@Bean
		@Override
		public FormattingConversionService mvcConversionService() {
			Format format = this.mvcProperties.getFormat();
			WebConversionService conversionService = new WebConversionService(new DateTimeFormatters()
					.dateFormat(format.getDate()).timeFormat(format.getTime()).dateTimeFormat(format.getDateTime()));
			addFormatters(conversionService);
			return conversionService;
		}

		@Bean
		@Override
		public Validator mvcValidator() {
			if (!ClassUtils.isPresent("javax.validation.Validator", getClass().getClassLoader())) {
				return super.mvcValidator();
			}
			return ValidatorAdapter.get(getApplicationContext(), getValidator());
		}

		@Override
		protected RequestMappingHandlerMapping createRequestMappingHandlerMapping() {
			if (this.mvcRegistrations != null) {
				RequestMappingHandlerMapping mapping = this.mvcRegistrations.getRequestMappingHandlerMapping();
				if (mapping != null) {
					return mapping;
				}
			}
			return super.createRequestMappingHandlerMapping();
		}

		@Override
		protected ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer getConfigurableWebBindingInitializer(
				FormattingConversionService mvcConversionService, Validator mvcValidator) {
			try {
				return this.beanFactory.getBean(ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer.class);
			}
			catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
				return super.getConfigurableWebBindingInitializer(mvcConversionService, mvcValidator);
			}
		}

		@Override
		protected ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver createExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver() {
			if (this.mvcRegistrations != null) {
				ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver resolver = this.mvcRegistrations
						.getExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver();
				if (resolver != null) {
					return resolver;
				}
			}
			return super.createExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver();
		}

		@Override
		protected void extendHandlerExceptionResolvers(List<HandlerExceptionResolver> exceptionResolvers) {
			super.extendHandlerExceptionResolvers(exceptionResolvers);
			if (this.mvcProperties.isLogResolvedException()) {
				for (HandlerExceptionResolver resolver : exceptionResolvers) {
					if (resolver instanceof AbstractHandlerExceptionResolver) {
						((AbstractHandlerExceptionResolver) resolver).setWarnLogCategory(resolver.getClass().getName());
					}
				}
			}
		}

		@Bean
		@Override
		@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
		public ContentNegotiationManager mvcContentNegotiationManager() {
			ContentNegotiationManager manager = super.mvcContentNegotiationManager();
			List<ContentNegotiationStrategy> strategies = manager.getStrategies();
			ListIterator<ContentNegotiationStrategy> iterator = strategies.listIterator();
			while (iterator.hasNext()) {
				ContentNegotiationStrategy strategy = iterator.next();
				if (strategy instanceof org.springframework.web.accept.PathExtensionContentNegotiationStrategy) {
					iterator.set(new OptionalPathExtensionContentNegotiationStrategy(strategy));
				}
			}
			return manager;
		}

		@Override
		public void setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
			this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader;
		}

	}

	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
	@ConditionalOnEnabledResourceChain
	static class ResourceChainCustomizerConfiguration {

		@Bean
		ResourceChainResourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer(
				WebProperties webProperties) {
			return new ResourceChainResourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer(webProperties.getResources());
		}

	}

	interface ResourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer {

		void customize(ResourceHandlerRegistration registration);

	}

	static class ResourceChainResourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer implements ResourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer {

		private final Resources resourceProperties;

		ResourceChainResourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer(Resources resourceProperties) {
			this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;
		}

		@Override
		public void customize(ResourceHandlerRegistration registration) {
			Resources.Chain properties = this.resourceProperties.getChain();
			configureResourceChain(properties, registration.resourceChain(properties.isCache()));
		}

		private void configureResourceChain(Resources.Chain properties, ResourceChainRegistration chain) {
			Strategy strategy = properties.getStrategy();
			if (properties.isCompressed()) {
				chain.addResolver(new EncodedResourceResolver());
			}
			if (strategy.getFixed().isEnabled() || strategy.getContent().isEnabled()) {
				chain.addResolver(getVersionResourceResolver(strategy));
			}
		}

		private ResourceResolver getVersionResourceResolver(Strategy properties) {
			VersionResourceResolver resolver = new VersionResourceResolver();
			if (properties.getFixed().isEnabled()) {
				String version = properties.getFixed().getVersion();
				String[] paths = properties.getFixed().getPaths();
				resolver.addFixedVersionStrategy(version, paths);
			}
			if (properties.getContent().isEnabled()) {
				String[] paths = properties.getContent().getPaths();
				resolver.addContentVersionStrategy(paths);
			}
			return resolver;
		}

	}

	/**
	 * Decorator to make
	 * {@link org.springframework.web.accept.PathExtensionContentNegotiationStrategy}
	 * optional depending on a request attribute.
	 */
	static class OptionalPathExtensionContentNegotiationStrategy implements ContentNegotiationStrategy {

		@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
		private static final String SKIP_ATTRIBUTE = org.springframework.web.accept.PathExtensionContentNegotiationStrategy.class
				.getName() + ".SKIP";

		private final ContentNegotiationStrategy delegate;

		OptionalPathExtensionContentNegotiationStrategy(ContentNegotiationStrategy delegate) {
			this.delegate = delegate;
		}

		@Override
		public List<MediaType> resolveMediaTypes(NativeWebRequest webRequest)
				throws HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException {
			Object skip = webRequest.getAttribute(SKIP_ATTRIBUTE, RequestAttributes.SCOPE_REQUEST);
			if (skip != null && Boolean.parseBoolean(skip.toString())) {
				return MEDIA_TYPE_ALL_LIST;
			}
			return this.delegate.resolveMediaTypes(webRequest);
		}

	}

}

其中addResourceHandlers()方法就展示了默认情况下的另外两个静态资源扫描地址

addResourceHandler(registry, "/webjars/**", "classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/");

当然这两个地址在addMapping=false 时将不再运行

至此,SpringBoot 静态资源的默认扫描地址算是聊明白了

实践出真知

那么这几个地址的优先级是怎样的呢?最简单的方式就是实验,由于 webjars 存放静态资源的方式在 SpringBoot 现代开发中已经不再推荐,故此我们不在下面实验中添加这部分的测试

环境搭建

分别在以下 4 个目录中添加同名 js 文件,文件内容为当前路径名称

"classpath:/META-INF/resources/","classpath:/resources/", "classpath:/static/", "classpath:/public/"

application.yml 配置如下

spring:
  devtools:
    restart:
      enabled: true  #设置开启热部署
      additional-paths: src/main/java #重启目录
      exclude: WEB-INF/**
  freemarker:
    cache: false    #页面不加载缓存，修改即时生效
server:
  port: 8081
debug: trues

实验开始,访问 http://localhost:8081/1.js 展示如下

可以看见 META-INF/resources/下的资源优先级最高,去除该目录下 js 文件我们再次实验

由此可见resources 目录优先级最高,去除该目录下 js 文件我们再次实验

static 目录紧随其后,继续实验

public 目录优先级不如 static

总结

我们从 SpringBoot 默认静态资源加载的好奇心聊到了 SpringBoot 的自动配置类,再由该类的@ConfigurationProperties 注解顺藤摸瓜找到了WebMvcAutoConfiguration类与addResourceHandler处理方法,并简单了解到如果配置了add-mappings: false将会屏蔽默认的资源处理器,那样我们将需要自己配置属于自己的资源处理器

在测试阶段,我们用最简单的方法测试出了 SpringBoot 默认资源加载优先级,即
classpath:/META-INF/resources/>classpath:/resources/> classpath:/static/> classpath:/public/

至此,我觉得 SpringBoot 资源默认加载的问题算是聊明白了,有空我会继续探索自定义静态资源加载类,那么我们下次再见😉