XML读写之DOM4J

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-11 18:34:16 发布

文景大大

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-11 18:34:16 发布

阅读量518

点赞数

分类专栏：后端开发文章标签： xml java dom

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u012050416/article/details/50638646

版权

后端开发专栏收录该内容

17 篇文章 1 订阅

订阅专栏

　　本文先使用DOM4J方式写一个简单地小例子，亲测可以运行，然后在末尾分析其优缺点。

1.准备

新建一个Java Project
新建一个Java类名称为Dom4jTest.java
新建一个xml文件，名称为student.xml，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<student_info>
    <student id="1">
        <name>张三</name>
        <gender>男</gender>
        <age>16</age>
    </student>
    <student id="2">
        <name>李四</name>
        <gender>女</gender>
        <age>15</age>
    </student>
</student_info>

由于是Maven工程，所有xml都存放在src/main/resources下面
引入dom4j的jar包到pom.xml

        <dependency>
            <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.1</version>
        </dependency>

2.编码

Bean文件：StudentBean.java

public class StudentBean {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String gender;
    private Integer age;

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "StudentBean [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", gender=" + gender + ", age=" + age + "]";
    }

}

XML读写类：Dom4jTest.java

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Vector;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;

import bean.StudentBean;

public class Dom4jTest {
    // 创建一个Vector来保存每个student对象
    public static Vector<StudentBean> studentsVector = new Vector<StudentBean>();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 创建一个Vector来存放StudentBean对象
        Vector<StudentBean> v = readXMLFile("src/main/resources/student.xml");
        Iterator<StudentBean> it = v.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            System.out.println(it.next());
        }
        writeXMLFile("src/main/resources/dom4j.xml");
        updateXMLFile("src/main/resources/student.xml");
    }

    // 从XML文件中读数据
    public static Vector<StudentBean> readXMLFile(String fileName) {
        try {
            SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
            Document document = reader.read(fileName);
            // 获取根节点
            Element root = document.getRootElement();
            List<Element> students = root.elements("student");
            System.out.println("XML文件中有" + students.size() + "个对象！");
            for (int i = 0; i < students.size(); i++) {
                // 创建一的StudentBean对象用来保存XML中学生的属性
                StudentBean sb = new StudentBean();
                // 获取student节点的属性值赋给Bean对象
                Element element = (Element) students.get(i);
                sb.setId(element.attributeValue("id"));
                sb.setName(element.elementText("name"));
                sb.setGender(element.elementText("gender"));
                sb.setAge(Integer.parseInt(element.elementText("age")));
                studentsVector.add(sb);
            }
        } catch (DocumentException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return studentsVector;
    }

    // 将数据写入XML文件
    public static void writeXMLFile(String fileName) {
        Document doc = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
        // 增加根节点
        Element books = doc.addElement("books");
        // 增加子元素book1
        Element book1 = books.addElement("book");
        Element title1 = book1.addElement("title");
        Element author1 = book1.addElement("author");
        // 为子节点book1添加属性
        book1.addAttribute("id", "001");
        // 为子节点book1添加内容
        title1.setText("Harry Potter");
        author1.setText("J K. Rowling");
        // 增加子元素book2
        Element book2 = books.addElement("book");
        Element title2 = book2.addElement("title");
        Element author2 = book2.addElement("author");
        book2.addAttribute("id", "002");
        title2.setText("Learning XML");
        author2.setText("Erik T. Ray");
        // 实例化输出格式对象
        OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
        // 设置输出编码
        format.setEncoding("UTF-8");
        // 创建需要写入的File对象
        File file = new File(fileName);
        // 生成XMLWriter对象，构造函数中的参数为需要输出的文件流和格式
        XMLWriter writer;
        try {
            writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream(file), format);
            // 开始写入，write方法中包含上面创建的Document对象
            writer.write(doc);
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("数据已经写入XML文档！");
    }

    // 修改XML文件中的某项内容
    public static void updateXMLFile(String fileName) {
        try {
            SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
            Document document = reader.read(fileName);
            // 获取根节点
            Element students = document.getRootElement();
            // 增加一个student
            Element student0 = students.addElement("student").addAttribute("id", "12");
            student0.addElement("name").addText("linri");
            student0.addElement("gender").addText("male");
            Element student = (Element) students.elements().get(0);
            student.addElement("city").addText("Shanghai");
            student.remove(student.element("gender"));
            student.element("name").addText("mason");
            student.element("age").setText("22");
            // 实例化输出格式对象
            OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
            // 设置输出编码
            format.setEncoding("UTF-8");
            // 创建需要写入的File对象
            File file = new File(fileName);
            // 生成XMLWriter对象，构造函数中的参数为需要输出的文件流和格式
            XMLWriter writer;
            try {
                writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream(file), format);
                // 开始写入，write方法中包含上面创建的Document对象
                writer.write(document);
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } catch (DocumentException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("XML文档数据已经修改！");
    }

}

3.运行结果

运行结果

　　程序自行新建的XML文件dom4j.xml为：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<books>
  <book id="001">
    <title>Harry Potter</title>
    <author>J K. Rowling</author>
  </book>
  <book id="002">
    <title>Learning XML</title>
    <author>Erik T. Ray</author>
  </book>
</books>

　　程序修改后的student.xml为：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<student_info> 
  <student id="1"> 
    <name>张三mason</name>  
    <age>22</age>  
    <city>Shanghai</city>
  </student>  
  <student id="2"> 
    <name>李四</name>  
    <gender>女</gender>  
    <age>15</age> 
  </student>  
  <student id="12">
    <name>linri</name>
    <gender>male</gender>
  </student>
</student_info>