SpringBoot三大核心特性

1、组件自动装配

        (1)激活：@EnableAutoConfiguration

        (2)配置：/META-INF/spring.factories (key-value形式)

        (3)实现: XXXAutoConfiguration

2、嵌入式web容器

        (1) Web Servlet: tomcat、jetty       

        (2) Web Reactive: Netty Web Server

3、生产准备特性

SpringApplication准备阶段

1、SpringApplication启动及推断源

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringApplicationBootstrap {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringApplicationBootstrap.class, args);
        //SpringApplication.run(ApplicationConfiguration.class, args);

        new SpringApplicationBuilder(SpringApplicationBootstrap.class)
                .web(WebApplicationType.NONE)
                .run(args);

    }

//    @SpringBootApplication
//    public static class ApplicationConfiguration {
//
//    }
}

2、推断Web应用类型

通过 SpringApplication中的方法判断

private static final String[] SERVLET_INDICATOR_CLASSES = new String[]{"javax.servlet.Servlet", "org.springframework.web.context.ConfigurableWebApplicationContext"};
static WebApplicationType deduceFromClasspath() {
    if (ClassUtils.isPresent("org.springframework.web.reactive.DispatcherHandler", (ClassLoader)null) && !ClassUtils.isPresent("org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet", (ClassLoader)null) && !ClassUtils.isPresent("org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer", (ClassLoader)null)) {
        return REACTIVE;
    } else {
        String[] var0 = SERVLET_INDICATOR_CLASSES;
        int var1 = var0.length;

        for(int var2 = 0; var2 < var1; ++var2) {
            String className = var0[var2];
            if (!ClassUtils.isPresent(className, (ClassLoader)null)) {
                return NONE;
            }
        }

        return SERVLET;
    }
}

以此推断类型

WebApplicationType.NONE   #### 非web应用
WebApplicationType.SERVLET ### web REACTIVE
WebApplicationType.REACTIVE ### web SERVLET

3、推断引导类

在运行期线程堆栈中进行判断

private Class<?> deduceMainApplicationClass() {
    try {
        StackTraceElement[] stackTrace = (new RuntimeException()).getStackTrace();
        StackTraceElement[] var2 = stackTrace;
        int var3 = stackTrace.length;

        for(int var4 = 0; var4 < var3; ++var4) {
            StackTraceElement stackTraceElement = var2[var4];
            if ("main".equals(stackTraceElement.getMethodName())) {
                return Class.forName(stackTraceElement.getClassName());
            }
        }
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException var6) {
        ;
    }

    return null;
}

4、加载应用上下文初始器

通过加载jar包或者自配置的META-INF/spring.factories中进行初始化配置，可通过Order来控制其先后

org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=\
com.springboot.diveinspringboot.context.LastApplicationContextInitializer,\
com.springboot.diveinspringboot.context.FirstApplicationContextInitializer

@Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
public class FirstApplicationContextInitializer<C extends ConfigurableApplicationContext> implements ApplicationContextInitializer<C> {
    @Override
    public void initialize(C c) {
        System.out.println("I'm First");
    }
}

public class LastApplicationContextInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer,Ordered {
    @Override
    public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext configurableApplicationContext) {
        System.out.println("I'm Last");
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE;
    }
}

 但此时不能调用JavaBean因为此时还未初始化。

5、SpringApplication运行监听器

public class EventRunListener implements SpringApplicationRunListener {

    /**
     *
     */
    public EventRunListener(SpringApplication application, String[] args) {

    }

    //Spring应用启动 监听事件-> ApplicationStartingEvent
    @Override
    public void starting() {
        System.out.println("Spring starting : " + System.currentTimeMillis());
    }

    //ConfigurableEnvironment准备妥当，允许将其调整 监听事件-> ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent
    @Override
    public void environmentPrepared(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
        System.out.println("Spring environmentPrepared : " + System.currentTimeMillis());
    }

    //ConfigurableApplicationContext准备妥当，允许将其调整
    @Override
    public void contextPrepared(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
        System.out.println("Spring contextPrepared : " + System.currentTimeMillis());
    }

    //ConfigurableApplicationContext已装载，但未启动 监听事件->ApplicationPreparedEvent
    @Override
    public void contextLoaded(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
        System.out.println("Spring contextLoaded : " + System.currentTimeMillis());
    }

    //ConfigurableApplicationContext已启动，此时SpringBean初始化完成 监听事件->ApplicationStartedEvent
    @Override
    public void started(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
        System.out.println("Spring started : " + System.currentTimeMillis());
    }

    //Spring正在运行 监听事件->ApplicationReadyEvent
    @Override
    public void running(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
        System.out.println("Spring running : " + System.currentTimeMillis());
    }

    //Spring运行失败 监听事件->ApplicationFailedEvent
    @Override
    public void failed(ConfigurableApplicationContext context, Throwable exception) {
        System.out.println("Spring failed : " + System.currentTimeMillis());
    }
}

总结

spring应用启动包含错综复杂的阶段，其中推断web应用类型以及推断引导类决定了产生了不同的应用上下文和Environment，而应用上下文是通过读取spring.factories文件中组件以及spring framework本身的spring.factories文件中的组件来进行装载，装载存在先后顺序，以Ordered设置为基础，从高到低依次执行（级别数值越低，优先级越高）。在启动应用上下文时，同时会运行监听器，针对每个事件进行监听，如下：

# Application Listeners
org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener=\
org.springframework.boot.ClearCachesApplicationListener,\
org.springframework.boot.builder.ParentContextCloserApplicationListener,\
org.springframework.boot.context.FileEncodingApplicationListener,\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.AnsiOutputApplicationListener,\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigFileApplicationListener,\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.DelegatingApplicationListener,\
org.springframework.boot.context.logging.ClasspathLoggingApplicationListener,\
org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener,\
org.springframework.boot.liquibase.LiquibaseServiceLocatorApplicationListener