CentOS下安装MySQL8.0.27（tar包安装方式）

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一、下载

下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/8.0.html

二、解压

tar xvf mysql-8.0.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

三、将解压文件移至 /usr/local 目录下

mv mysql-8.0.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql8.0

四、创建用户组 mysql

groupadd mysql

五、用户组下增加用户 mysql

useradd -r -g mysql mysql

六、创建 my.cnf

在 /usr/local/mysql8.0 目录下创建 my.cnf，内容如下：

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql8.0
datadir=/usr/local/mysql8.0/data
port=3308
socket=/usr/local/mysql8.0/mysql.sock
character_set_server=utf8
lower_case_table_names=1
log-error=/usr/local/mysql8.0/data/mysql.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql8.0/data/mysql.pid

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

七、创建 data 文件夹

cd /usr/local/mysql8.0
mkdir data

八、修改 /usr/local/mysql8.0 所有者及属组

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql8.0/

九、初始化

/usr/local/mysql8.0/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql8.0/my.cnf --user=mysql --initialize  --lower-case-table-names=1

十、找到初始密码

[root@ecs-uat mysql8.0]# cat /usr/local/mysql8.0/data/mysql.log | grep 'password is generated'
2022-04-26T15:10:39.720620Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Udh_,%&n6Vzx

十一、修改密码并授权

登录：

mysql -S /usr/local/mysql8.0/mysql.sock -P 3308 -u root -p

修改密码并授权：

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'xxxxxx';
CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxxxx';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%';
flush privileges;

十二、开启防火墙，允许外网访问

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
firewall-cmd --list-ports