Android 网络操作（其中包含xUtils的HttpUtils联网）

最新推荐文章于 2021-12-08 08:45:41 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-12-08 08:45:41 发布

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分类专栏： android 文章标签： android

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u012077264/article/details/48208281

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实现方式：

1)JAVA中 UrlConnection类的派生类HttpUrlConnection
2)Apache下的HttpClient
3) 第三方框架，常用的第三方框架有xUtils的HttpUtils 、AsyncHttpClient

HttpUtils 中用到两个方法send()和download()

AsyncHttpClient方法用到：

BitmapUtils bmpUtils = new BitmapUtils(this) ;

bmpUtils.display(iv, imgUrl) ;

操作步骤：
1）初始化请求对象
2）设置请求参数
3）网络发送请求
4）获取响应结果：判断结果码是否是200，如果是则请求成功获取

Android 网络操作注意：
1. 添加权限 Internet权限，如果第三方网络操作框架还需要WRITE_EXTERNEL_STORAGE

2. 网络请求必须单独开启线程

在这个过程中遇到的问题：网络请求结果处理：
网络请求必须单独开启线程，网络请求结果通过控件显示，但android规定非UI主线程不能更新控件外观。
解决方案：
1）通过Broadcast解决
2）通过Handler发送消息解决
handler = new Handler(){
// 回调方法，每当handler收到消息Message时，自动调用该方法
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch(msg.what) {
}
};
} ;
Message 的初始化 Message.obtain()
四个属性：
what 用来标识消息类型
以下三个属性用来传递消息中
数据
Int arg1 , arg2
Object obj

1.JAVA中UrlConnection类的派生类HttpUrlConnection（建立网络连接的一个类)

/**
 * 网络请求结果：
 * 		一种是需要字符串  String s = new String(byte[])
 * 		一种是需要byte[]
 *
 */
public class NetUrlConnection {
	public static byte[] request(String strUrl){
		byte[] result = null ;
		HttpURLConnection conn = null;
		
		
		try {
			URL url = new URL(strUrl);
			conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
			conn.setConnectTimeout(5*1000);
			conn.setReadTimeout(5*1000);
			conn.connect();
			if(200==conn.getResponseCode()){
				InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
				//将输入字节流转换
				ByteArrayOutputStream bytearray =new ByteArrayOutputStream();
				byte [] buffer = new byte[4*1024] ;
				int len;
				while(-1 != (len = in.read(buffer))){
					bytearray.write(buffer, 0, len);
				}
				//最后将结果转换为字节数组
				result = bytearray.toByteArray();
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			if(conn!=null ){
				conn.disconnect();
			}
		}
		return result;
		
	}
}

非UI主线程不能更新控件外观，通过Broadcast（广播）方式处理网络请求结果：

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
	TextView text;
	ImageView images;
	String imgurl = "http://img2.duitang.com/uploads/item/201112/18/20111218201622_4LnZS.thumb.600_0.jpg";
	String texturl = "http://api.map.baidu.com/telematics/v3/weather?output=json&ak=wwaIKGCMI1n4teVrz5GjRq57&location=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5";

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		resister();
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		images = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img);
		text = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);
	}

	@Override
	public void onClick(View v) {
		switch (v.getId()) {
		case R.id.btn_img:
			new Thread() {
				public void run() {
					byte[] r1 = NetUrlConnection.request(imgurl);
					Intent bcIntent = new Intent();
					bcIntent.putExtra("result", r1);
					bcIntent.setAction("com.example.img");
					sendBroadcast(bcIntent);
				};
			}.start();
			break;

		case R.id.btn_text:
			new Thread() {
				public void run() {
					byte[] r2 = NetUrlConnection.request(texturl);
					Intent bcIntent = new Intent();
					bcIntent.putExtra("result", r2);
					bcIntent.setAction("com.example.text");
					sendBroadcast(bcIntent);
				};
			}.start();
			break;
		}
	}

	class Mybroad extends BroadcastReceiver {
		@Override
		public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
			String action = intent.getAction();
			if (action.equals("com.example.img")) {
				byte[] r1 = intent.getByteArrayExtra("result");
				// 把字节数组转换成图片
				Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(r1, 0, r1.length);
				images.setImageBitmap(bmp);
			}
			if (action.equals("com.example.text")) {
				byte[] r2 = intent.getByteArrayExtra("result");
				String txt = new String(r2);
				text.setText(txt);
			}
		}
	}

2.Apache下的HttpClient

public class HttpClientConnection {
	public static byte[] conn(String urlStr) {
		byte[] result = null ;
		
		// 1. 
		HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient() ;
		// 2.
		HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams() ;
		HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(params, 5 * 1000) ;
		HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(params, 5 * 1000) ;
		// 3.
		HttpGet request = new HttpGet(urlStr) ;
//		HttpPost request = new HttpPost(urlStr) ;
		try {
			HttpResponse response = client.execute(request) ;
			// 4.
			if(200 == response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()) {
				HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity() ;
				result = EntityUtils.toByteArray(entity) ;
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return result ;
	}
}

非UI主线程不能更新控件外观，通过Handler机制处理网络请求结果：

public class SecondActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
	private ImageView iv;
	private TextView tv;
	private String imgUrl = "http://img2.duitang.com/uploads/item/201112/18/20111218201622_4LnZS.thumb.600_0.jpg";
	private String txtUrl = "http://api.map.baidu.com/telematics/v3/weather?output=json&ak=wwaIKGCMI1n4teVrz5GjRq57&location=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5";

	private Handler handler ;
	private ProgressDialog pDialog ;
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		findViewById(R.id.btn_second).setVisibility(View.GONE) ;
		iv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv);
		tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
		pDialog = new ProgressDialog(this);
		initHandler() ;
	}

	private void initHandler() {
		handler = new Handler(){
			// 回调方法，每当handler收到消息Message时，自动调用该方法
			public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
				switch(msg.what) {
				case WHAT_IMG :
					pDialog.dismiss();
					byte[] r1 = (byte[]) msg.obj ;
					Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(r1, 0, r1.length);
					iv.setImageBitmap(bmp);
					break ;
				case WHAT_TXT :
					pDialog.dismiss();
					byte[] r2 = (byte[]) msg.obj ;
					String txt = new String(r2);
					tv.setText(txt);
					break;
				}
			};
		} ;
	}
	final int WHAT_IMG = 1 ;
	final int WHAT_TXT = 2 ;
	@Override
	public void onClick(View v) {
		switch (v.getId()) {
		case R.id.btn_img:
			pDialog.show() ;
			new Thread() {
				public void run() {
					byte[] r1 = HttpClientConnection.conn(imgUrl);
					// 发消息
					Message msg = Message.obtain() ;
					msg.what = WHAT_IMG ;
					msg.obj = r1;
					handler.sendMessage(msg) ;
				};
			}.start();
			break;
		case R.id.btn_txt:
			pDialog.show() ;
			new Thread() {
				public void run() {
					byte[] r2 = HttpClientConnection.conn(txtUrl);
					Message msg = Message.obtain() ;
					msg.what = WHAT_TXT ;
					msg.obj = r2 ;
					handler.sendMessage(msg) ;
				};
			}.start();
			break;
		}
	}
}

3，这里介绍HttpUtils框架

使用此框架时，如果显示图片只需要执行以下两句

// ImageView 显示网络图片//		
BitmapUtils bmpUtils = new BitmapUtils(this) ;//		
bmpUtils.display(iv, imgUrl) ;

GET方式：

	httpUtis.send(
		HttpMethods.GET  ,
		url , 
		RequestCallBack<T>
	) ;

POST方式：

httpUtis.send(
		HttpMethods.POST ,
		url , 
		params ,
		RequestCallBack<T>
	) ;

关于参数设置:
RequestParams params = new RequestParams();

params.addQueryStringParameter("name", "value");
// addQueryStringParameter将参数添加到url末尾，该参数被web端get方式接收

params.addBodyParameter("name", "value");

// addBodyParameter将参数设置为post方式所需上传参数，该参数被web端post方式接收

更多介绍查看1417Demo,Stock项目

以练习的代码（来自压缩包0904.zip）

public class ThirdActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
	private ImageView iv;
	private TextView tv;
	private String imgUrl = "http://img2.duitang.com/uploads/item/201112/18/20111218201622_4LnZS.thumb.600_0.jpg";
	private String txtUrl = "http://api.map.baidu.com/telematics/v3/weather?output=json&ak=wwaIKGCMI1n4teVrz5GjRq57&location=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5";

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		findViewById(R.id.btn_second).setVisibility(View.GONE);
		findViewById(R.id.btn_third).setVisibility(View.GONE);
		iv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv);
		tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
		// ImageView 显示网络图片
		// BitmapUtils bmpUtils = new BitmapUtils(this) ;
		// bmpUtils.display(iv, imgUrl) ;
	}

	@Override
	public void onClick(View v) {
		switch (v.getId()) {
		case R.id.btn_img:
			downImg();
			break;
		case R.id.btn_txt:
			downTxt();
			break;

		}
	}

	private void downTxt() {
		HttpUtils http = new HttpUtils();
		http.send(HttpRequest.HttpMethod.GET, txtUrl,
				new RequestCallBack<String>() {

					@Override
					public void onSuccess(ResponseInfo<String> responseInfo) {
						String txt = responseInfo.result;
						tv.setText(txt);
					}

					@Override
					public void onFailure(HttpException error, String msg) {
						Toast.makeText(ThirdActivity.this, "下载文本失败!",
								Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
					}
				});
	}

	private void downImg() {
		String target = getExternalCacheDir().getAbsolutePath() + "/"
				+ "temp.jpg";
		HttpUtils http = new HttpUtils();
		http.download(imgUrl, target, true, new RequestCallBack<File>() {

			@Override
			public void onSuccess(ResponseInfo<File> responseInfo) {
				File f = responseInfo.result;
				Log.v("thirdActivity", f.getAbsolutePath());
				Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(f.getAbsolutePath());
				iv.setImageBitmap(bmp);
			}

			@Override
			public void onFailure(HttpException error, String msg) {
				Log.v("thirdActivity", error.getMessage() + "|" + msg);
				Toast.makeText(ThirdActivity.this, "下载图片失败!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG)
						.show();
			}
		});
	}
}