SpringCloud Alibaba微服务实战(三) - Nacos服务创建消费者(Feign)

什么是Feign

Feign 是一个声明式的伪 Http 客户端，它使得写 Http 客户端变得更简单。使用 Feign，只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特性，可使用 Feign 注解和 JAX-RS 注解。Feign 支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign 默认集成了 Ribbon，Nacos 也很好的兼容了 Feign，默认实现了负载均衡的效果

1. Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解
2. Feign 整合了 ribbon

创建服务者注册，请参考文章：SpringCloud Alibaba微服务实战(二) - Nacos服务注册与发现

构建服务消费者cloud-consumer-feign进行服务调用

1.在父项目中创建子module项目名字为cloud-consumer-feign，在pom中引入nacos服务注册依赖

<!--Spring web-->
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <!--SpringCloud Alibaba nacos-->
 <dependency>
     <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
 </dependency>

完整服务消费者cloud-consumer-feign的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.zsy.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-feign</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!--Spring web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringCloud Alibaba nacos-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <repositories>
        <!--指定阿里云镜像库下载依赖-->
        <repository>
            <id>central</id>
            <name>aliyunmaven</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
</project>

2.配置application.yml或者properties文件

server:
  port: 8083
spring:
  #服务应用名字
  application:
    name: cloud-consumer-feign
  cloud:
    # 指定nacos控制台地址,配置注册ip:端口，注意即使是80端口也不可能省略
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848

3.FeignClient接口定义AccountService

package com.zsy.springcloud.service;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import java.util.Map;
@FeignClient("cloud-account")
public interface AccountService {
    //获取客户信息
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getAccount", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public Map<String,Object> getAccount();
}

4.创建消费者AccountConsumerController

package com.zsy.springcloud.controller;
import com.zsy.springcloud.service.AccountService;
import lombok.extern.log4j.Log4j2;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Log4j2
@RestController
public class AccountConsumerController {
    @Resource
    private AccountService accountService;
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getAccount", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public Map<String,Object> getAccount() {
        Map<String,Object> account = new HashMap<>();
        log.info("---------消费者开始------------");
        account = accountService.getAccount();
        log.info("---------消费者结束--------account{}----", account);
        return account;
    }
}

5.配置消费者启动服务的启动类

package com.zsy.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient //开启服务注册
@EnableFeignClients//开启feign客户端
public class FeignConsumerApplication {
	public static void main(String [] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(FeignConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

6.启动cloud-consumer服务项目，启动成功，如下图

7. 验证服务，浏览器访问http://localhost:8083/getAccount，返回如下图

查看消费者cloud-consumer控制台，如下图

查看服务者cloud-account控制台，如下图

码云地址：https://gitee.com/zlzhaoe/cloud-alibaba